Fix Git Codex Review invocation

Summary:
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/14726

Add SstFileReader::ParseTableIteratorKey() so callers of NewTableIterator() have a public way to decode raw table keys without duplicating RocksDB internal-key layout. The implementation delegates to the existing public ParsedEntryInfo parser using the reader comparator.

Reviewed By: pdillinger

Differential Revision: D104584393

fbshipit-source-id: 98e21c4d6676fbba69e533376b3da67539dd8fad

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -1,961 +0,0 @@
-version: 2.1
-
-orbs:
-  win: circleci/windows@5.0.0
-
-commands:
-  install-cmake-on-macos:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Install cmake on macos
-          command: |
-            HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install cmake
-
-  install-jdk8-on-macos:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Install JDK 8 on macos
-          command: |
-            HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew tap bell-sw/liberica
-            HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install --cask liberica-jdk8
-
-  increase-max-open-files-on-macos:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Increase max open files
-          command: |
-            sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfiles=1048576
-            sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfilesperproc=1048576
-            sudo launchctl limit maxfiles 1048576
-
-  pre-steps:
-    steps:
-      - checkout
-      - run:
-          name: Setup Environment Variables
-          command: |
-            echo "export GTEST_THROW_ON_FAILURE=0" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export GTEST_OUTPUT=\"xml:/tmp/test-results/\"" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export SKIP_FORMAT_BUCK_CHECKS=1" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export GTEST_COLOR=1" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=1" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export CTEST_TEST_TIMEOUT=300" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export ZLIB_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/zlib" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export BZIP2_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/bzip2" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export SNAPPY_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/snappy" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export LZ4_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/lz4" >> $BASH_ENV
-            echo "export ZSTD_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/zstd" >> $BASH_ENV
-
-  windows-build-steps:
-    steps:
-      - checkout
-      - run:
-          name: "Install thirdparty dependencies"
-          command: |
-            echo "Installing CMake..."
-            choco install cmake --installargs 'ADD_CMAKE_TO_PATH=System' -y
-            mkdir $Env:THIRDPARTY_HOME
-            cd $Env:THIRDPARTY_HOME
-            echo "Building Snappy dependency..."
-            curl https://github.com/google/snappy/archive/refs/tags/1.1.8.zip -O snappy-1.1.8.zip
-            unzip -q snappy-1.1.8.zip
-            cd snappy-1.1.8
-            mkdir build
-            cd build
-            & $Env:CMAKE_BIN -G "$Env:CMAKE_GENERATOR" ..
-            msbuild.exe Snappy.sln -maxCpuCount -property:Configuration=Debug -property:Platform=x64
-      - run:
-          name: "Build RocksDB"
-          command: |
-            mkdir build
-            cd build
-            & $Env:CMAKE_BIN -G "$Env:CMAKE_GENERATOR" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DOPTDBG=1 -DPORTABLE="$Env:CMAKE_PORTABLE" -DSNAPPY=1 -DJNI=1 ..
-            cd ..
-            echo "Building with VS version: $Env:CMAKE_GENERATOR"
-            msbuild.exe build/rocksdb.sln -maxCpuCount -property:Configuration=Debug -property:Platform=x64
-      - run:
-          name: "Test RocksDB"
-          shell: powershell.exe
-          command: |
-            build_tools\run_ci_db_test.ps1 -SuiteRun arena_test,db_basic_test,db_test,db_test2,db_merge_operand_test,bloom_test,c_test,coding_test,crc32c_test,dynamic_bloom_test,env_basic_test,env_test,hash_test,random_test -Concurrency 16
-      - run:
-          name: "Test RocksJava"
-          command: |
-            cd build\java
-            & $Env:CTEST_BIN -C Debug -j 16
-  pre-steps-macos:
-      steps:
-        - pre-steps
-
-  post-steps:
-    steps:
-      - store_test_results: # store test result if there's any
-          path: /tmp/test-results
-      - store_artifacts: # store LOG for debugging if there's any
-          path: LOG
-      - run: # on fail, compress Test Logs for diagnosing the issue
-          name: Compress Test Logs
-          command: tar -cvzf t.tar.gz t
-          when: on_fail
-      - store_artifacts: # on fail, store Test Logs for diagnosing the issue
-          path: t.tar.gz
-          destination: test_logs
-          when: on_fail
-      - run: # store core dumps if there's any
-          command: |
-            mkdir -p /tmp/core_dumps
-            cp core.* /tmp/core_dumps
-          when: on_fail
-      - store_artifacts:
-          path: /tmp/core_dumps
-          when: on_fail
-
-  post-pmd-steps:
-    steps:
-      - store_artifacts:
-          path: /home/circleci/project/java/target/pmd.xml
-          when: on_fail
-      - store_artifacts:
-          path: /home/circleci/project/java/target/site
-          when: on_fail
-
-  upgrade-cmake:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Upgrade cmake
-          command: |
-            sudo apt remove --purge cmake
-            sudo snap install cmake --classic
-
-  install-gflags:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Install gflags
-          command: |
-            sudo apt-get update -y && sudo apt-get install -y libgflags-dev
-
-  install-gflags-on-macos:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Install gflags on macos
-          command: |
-            HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install gflags
-
-  install-maven:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Install maven
-          command: |
-            sudo apt-get update -y && sudo apt-get install -y maven
-
-  setup-folly:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Checkout folly sources
-          command: |
-            make checkout_folly
-
-  build-folly:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Build folly and dependencies
-          command: |
-            make build_folly
-
-  build-for-benchmarks:
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "Linux build for benchmarks"
-          command: #sized for the resource-class rocksdb-benchmark-sys1
-            make V=1 J=8 -j8 release
-
-  perform-benchmarks:
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: "Test low-variance benchmarks"
-          command: ./tools/benchmark_ci.py --db_dir /tmp/rocksdb-benchmark-datadir --output_dir /tmp/benchmark-results --num_keys 20000000
-          environment:
-            LD_LIBRARY_PATH: /usr/local/lib
-            # How long to run parts of the test(s)
-            DURATION_RO: 300
-            DURATION_RW: 500
-            # Keep threads within physical capacity of server (much lower than default)
-            NUM_THREADS: 1
-            MAX_BACKGROUND_JOBS: 4
-            # Don't run a couple of "optional" initial tests
-            CI_TESTS_ONLY: "true"
-            # Reduce configured size of levels to ensure more levels in the leveled compaction LSM tree
-            WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE_MB: 16
-            TARGET_FILE_SIZE_BASE_MB: 16
-            MAX_BYTES_FOR_LEVEL_BASE_MB: 64
-            # The benchmark host has 32GB memory
-            # The following values are tailored to work with that
-            # Note, tests may not exercise the targeted issues if the memory is increased on new test hosts.
-            COMPRESSION_TYPE: "none"
-            CACHE_INDEX_AND_FILTER_BLOCKS: 1
-            MIN_LEVEL_TO_COMPRESS: 3
-            CACHE_SIZE_MB: 10240
-            MB_WRITE_PER_SEC: 2
-
-  post-benchmarks:
-    steps:
-      - store_artifacts: # store the benchmark output
-          path: /tmp/benchmark-results
-          destination: test_logs
-      - run:
-          name: Send benchmark report to visualisation
-          command: |
-            set +e
-            set +o pipefail
-            ./build_tools/benchmark_log_tool.py --tsvfile /tmp/benchmark-results/report.tsv --esdocument https://search-rocksdb-bench-k2izhptfeap2hjfxteolsgsynm.us-west-2.es.amazonaws.com/bench_test3_rix/_doc
-            true
-
-executors:
-  linux-docker:
-    docker:
-      # The image configuration is build_tools/ubuntu20_image/Dockerfile
-      # To update and build the image:
-      #  $ cd build_tools/ubuntu20_image
-      #  $ docker build -t zjay437/rocksdb:0.5 .
-      #  $ docker push zjay437/rocksdb:0.5
-      # `zjay437` is the account name for zjay@meta.com which readwrite token is shared internally. To login:
-      #  $ docker login --username zjay437
-      # Or please feel free to change it to your docker hub account for hosting the image, meta employee should already have the account and able to login with SSO.
-      # To avoid impacting the existing CI runs, please bump the version every time creating a new image
-      # to run the CI image environment locally:
-      #  $ docker run --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE --security-opt seccomp=unconfined -it zjay437/rocksdb:0.5 bash
-      # option `--cap-add=SYS_PTRACE --security-opt seccomp=unconfined` is used to enable gdb to attach an existing process
-      - image: zjay437/rocksdb:0.6
-  linux-java-docker:
-    docker:
-      - image: evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos6_x64-be
-
-jobs:
-  build-macos:
-    macos:
-      xcode: 14.3.1
-    resource_class: macos.m1.medium.gen1
-    environment:
-      ROCKSDB_DISABLE_JEMALLOC: 1 # jemalloc cause env_test hang, disable it for now
-    steps:
-      - increase-max-open-files-on-macos
-      - install-gflags-on-macos
-      - pre-steps-macos
-      - run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && OPT=-DCIRCLECI make V=1 J=16 -j16 all
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-macos-cmake:
-    macos:
-      xcode: 14.3.1
-    resource_class: macos.m1.medium.gen1
-    parameters:
-      run_even_tests:
-        description: run even or odd tests, used to split tests to 2 groups
-        type: boolean
-        default: true
-    steps:
-      - increase-max-open-files-on-macos
-      - install-cmake-on-macos
-      - install-gflags-on-macos
-      - pre-steps-macos
-      - run:
-          name: "cmake generate project file"
-          command: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 ..
-      - run:
-          name: "Build tests"
-          command: cd build && make V=1 -j16
-      - when:
-          condition: << parameters.run_even_tests >>
-          steps:
-            - run:
-                name: "Run even tests"
-                command: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && cd build && ctest -j16 -I 0,,2
-      - when:
-          condition:
-            not: << parameters.run_even_tests >>
-          steps:
-            - run:
-                name: "Run odd tests"
-                command: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && cd build && ctest -j16 -I 1,,2
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: make V=1 J=32 -j32 check
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-encrypted_env-no_compression:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: ENCRYPTED_ENV=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_SNAPPY=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ZLIB=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_BZIP=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_LZ4=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ZSTD=1 make V=1 J=32 -j32 check
-      - run: |
-          ./sst_dump --help | grep -E -q 'Supported compression types: kNoCompression$' # Verify no compiled in compression
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-static_lib-alt_namespace-status_checked:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: ASSERT_STATUS_CHECKED=1 TEST_UINT128_COMPAT=1 ROCKSDB_MODIFY_NPHASH=1 LIB_MODE=static OPT="-DROCKSDB_NAMESPACE=alternative_rocksdb_ns" make V=1 -j24 check
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-release:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - checkout # check out the code in the project directory
-      - run: make V=1 -j32 LIB_MODE=shared release
-      - run: ls librocksdb.so # ensure shared lib built
-      - run: ./db_stress --version # ensure with gflags
-      - run: make clean
-      - run: make V=1 -j32 release
-      - run: ls librocksdb.a # ensure static lib built
-      - run: ./db_stress --version # ensure with gflags
-      - run: make clean
-      - run: apt-get remove -y libgflags-dev
-      - run: make V=1 -j32 LIB_MODE=shared release
-      - run: ls librocksdb.so # ensure shared lib built
-      - run: if ./db_stress --version; then false; else true; fi # ensure without gflags
-      - run: make clean
-      - run: make V=1 -j32 release
-      - run: ls librocksdb.a # ensure static lib built
-      - run: if ./db_stress --version; then false; else true; fi # ensure without gflags
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-release-rtti:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: xlarge
-    steps:
-      - checkout # check out the code in the project directory
-      - run: USE_RTTI=1 DEBUG_LEVEL=0 make V=1 -j16 static_lib tools db_bench
-      - run: ./db_stress --version # ensure with gflags
-      - run: make clean
-      - run: apt-get remove -y libgflags-dev
-      - run: USE_RTTI=1 DEBUG_LEVEL=0 make V=1 -j16 static_lib tools db_bench
-      - run: if ./db_stress --version; then false; else true; fi # ensure without gflags
-
-  build-linux-clang-no_test_run:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: xlarge
-    steps:
-      - checkout # check out the code in the project directory
-      - run: CC=clang CXX=clang++ USE_CLANG=1 PORTABLE=1 make V=1 -j16 all
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-clang10-asan:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 CC=clang-10 CXX=clang++-10 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ALIGNED_NEW=1 USE_CLANG=1 make V=1 -j32 check # aligned new doesn't work for reason we haven't figured out
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-clang10-mini-tsan:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge+
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: COMPILE_WITH_TSAN=1 CC=clang-13 CXX=clang++-13 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ALIGNED_NEW=1 USE_CLANG=1 make V=1 -j32 check
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-clang10-ubsan:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: COMPILE_WITH_UBSAN=1 OPT="-fsanitize-blacklist=.circleci/ubsan_suppression_list.txt" CC=clang-10 CXX=clang++-10 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ALIGNED_NEW=1 USE_CLANG=1 make V=1 -j32 ubsan_check # aligned new doesn't work for reason we haven't figured out
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-valgrind:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: PORTABLE=1 make V=1 -j32 valgrind_test
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-clang10-clang-analyze:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: CC=clang-10 CXX=clang++-10 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ALIGNED_NEW=1 CLANG_ANALYZER="/usr/bin/clang++-10" CLANG_SCAN_BUILD=scan-build-10 USE_CLANG=1 make V=1 -j32 analyze # aligned new doesn't work for reason we haven't figured out. For unknown, reason passing "clang++-10" as CLANG_ANALYZER doesn't work, and we need a full path.
-      - post-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "compress test report"
-          command: tar -cvzf scan_build_report.tar.gz scan_build_report
-          when: on_fail
-      - store_artifacts:
-          path: scan_build_report.tar.gz
-          destination: scan_build_report
-          when: on_fail
-
-  build-linux-runner:
-    machine: true
-    resource_class: facebook/rocksdb-benchmark-sys1
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "Checked Linux build (Runner)"
-          command: make V=1 J=8 -j8 check
-          environment:
-            LD_LIBRARY_PATH: /usr/local/lib
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-cmake-with-folly:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - setup-folly
-      - build-folly
-      - run: (mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DUSE_FOLLY=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DROCKSDB_BUILD_SHARED=0 .. && make V=1 -j20 && ctest -j20)
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-cmake-with-folly-lite-no-test:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - setup-folly
-      - run: (mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DUSE_FOLLY_LITE=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 .. && make V=1 -j20)
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-cmake-with-benchmark:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DWITH_BENCHMARK=1 .. && make V=1 -j20 && ctest -j20
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-unity-and-headers:
-    docker: # executor type
-      - image: gcc:latest
-    environment:
-      EXTRA_CXXFLAGS: -mno-avx512f # Warnings-as-error in avx512fintrin.h, would be used on newer hardware
-    resource_class: large
-    steps:
-      - checkout # check out the code in the project directory
-      - run: apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y libgflags-dev
-      - run:
-          name: "Unity build"
-          command: make V=1 -j8 unity_test
-          no_output_timeout: 20m
-      - run: make V=1 -j8 -k check-headers # could be moved to a different build
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-gcc-7-with-folly:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - setup-folly
-      - build-folly
-      - run: USE_FOLLY=1 LIB_MODE=static CC=gcc-7 CXX=g++-7 V=1 make -j32 check # TODO: LIB_MODE only to work around unresolved linker failures
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-gcc-7-with-folly-lite-no-test:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - setup-folly
-      - run: USE_FOLLY_LITE=1 CC=gcc-7 CXX=g++-7 V=1 make -j32 all
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-gcc-8-no_test_run:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: CC=gcc-8 CXX=g++-8 V=1 make -j32 all
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-cmake-with-folly-coroutines:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    environment:
-      CC: gcc-10
-      CXX: g++-10
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - setup-folly
-      - build-folly
-      - run: (mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DUSE_COROUTINES=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DROCKSDB_BUILD_SHARED=0 .. && make V=1 -j20 && ctest -j20)
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-gcc-10-cxx20-no_test_run:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: CC=gcc-10 CXX=g++-10 V=1 ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD=c++20 make -j32 all
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-gcc-11-no_test_run:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: LIB_MODE=static CC=gcc-11 CXX=g++-11 V=1 make -j32 all microbench # TODO: LIB_MODE only to work around unresolved linker failures
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-clang-13-no_test_run:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: CC=clang-13 CXX=clang++-13 USE_CLANG=1 make -j32 all microbench
-      - post-steps
-
-  # Ensure ASAN+UBSAN with folly, and full testsuite with clang 13
-  build-linux-clang-13-asan-ubsan-with-folly:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - setup-folly
-      - build-folly
-      - run: CC=clang-13 CXX=clang++-13 LIB_MODE=static USE_CLANG=1 USE_FOLLY=1 COMPILE_WITH_UBSAN=1 COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 make -j32 check # TODO: LIB_MODE only to work around unresolved linker failures
-      - post-steps
-
-  # This job is only to make sure the microbench tests are able to run, the benchmark result is not meaningful as the CI host is changing.
-  build-linux-run-microbench:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: DEBUG_LEVEL=0 make -j32 run_microbench
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-mini-crashtest:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && make V=1 -j8 CRASH_TEST_EXT_ARGS='--duration=960 --max_key=2500000 --use_io_uring=0' blackbox_crash_test_with_atomic_flush
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-crashtest-tiered-storage-bb:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "run crashtest"
-          command: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && make V=1 -j32 CRASH_TEST_EXT_ARGS='--duration=10800 --use_io_uring=0' blackbox_crash_test_with_tiered_storage
-          no_output_timeout: 100m
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-crashtest-tiered-storage-wb:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "run crashtest"
-          command: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && make V=1 -j32 CRASH_TEST_EXT_ARGS='--duration=10800 --use_io_uring=0' whitebox_crash_test_with_tiered_storage
-          no_output_timeout: 100m
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-windows-vs2022-avx2:
-    executor:
-      name: win/server-2022
-      size: 2xlarge
-    environment:
-      THIRDPARTY_HOME: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty
-      CMAKE_HOME: C:/Program Files/CMake
-      CMAKE_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/cmake.exe
-      CTEST_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/ctest.exe
-      SNAPPY_HOME: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8
-      SNAPPY_INCLUDE: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8;C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8/build
-      SNAPPY_LIB_DEBUG: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8/build/Debug/snappy.lib
-      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 17 2022
-      CMAKE_PORTABLE: AVX2
-    steps:
-      - windows-build-steps
-
-  build-windows-vs2022:
-    executor:
-      name: win/server-2022
-      size: 2xlarge
-    environment:
-      THIRDPARTY_HOME: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty
-      CMAKE_HOME: C:/Program Files/CMake
-      CMAKE_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/cmake.exe
-      CTEST_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/ctest.exe
-      SNAPPY_HOME: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8
-      SNAPPY_INCLUDE: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8;C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8/build
-      SNAPPY_LIB_DEBUG: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8/build/Debug/snappy.lib
-      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 17 2022
-      CMAKE_PORTABLE: 1
-    steps:
-      - windows-build-steps
-
-  build-windows-vs2019:
-    executor:
-      name: win/server-2019
-      size: 2xlarge
-    environment:
-      THIRDPARTY_HOME: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty
-      CMAKE_HOME: C:/Program Files/CMake
-      CMAKE_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/cmake.exe
-      CTEST_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/ctest.exe
-      SNAPPY_HOME: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8
-      SNAPPY_INCLUDE: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8;C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8/build
-      SNAPPY_LIB_DEBUG: C:/Users/circleci/thirdparty/snappy-1.1.8/build/Debug/snappy.lib
-      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
-      CMAKE_PORTABLE: 1
-    steps:
-      - windows-build-steps
-
-  build-linux-java:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "Set Java Environment"
-          command: |
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-      - run:
-          name: "Test RocksDBJava"
-          command: make V=1 J=8 -j8 jtest
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-java-pmd:
-    machine:
-      image: ubuntu-2004:202111-02
-    resource_class: large
-    environment:
-      JAVA_HOME: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
-    steps:
-      - install-maven
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "Set Java Environment"
-          command: |
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-      - run:
-          name: "PMD RocksDBJava"
-          command: make V=1 J=8 -j8 jpmd
-      - post-pmd-steps
-
-  build-linux-java-static:
-    executor: linux-java-docker
-    resource_class: large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "Set Java Environment"
-          command: |
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-      - run:
-          name: "Build RocksDBJava Static Library"
-          command: scl enable devtoolset-7 'make V=1 J=8 -j8 rocksdbjavastatic'
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-macos-java:
-    macos:
-      xcode: 14.3.1
-    resource_class: macos.m1.medium.gen1
-    environment:
-      JAVA_HOME: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/liberica-jdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home
-      ROCKSDB_DISABLE_JEMALLOC: 1 # jemalloc causes java 8 crash
-    steps:
-      - increase-max-open-files-on-macos
-      - install-gflags-on-macos
-      - install-jdk8-on-macos
-      - pre-steps-macos
-      - run:
-          name: "Set Java Environment"
-          command: |
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-      - run:
-          name: "Test RocksDBJava"
-          command: make V=1 J=16 -j16 jtest
-          no_output_timeout: 20m
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-macos-java-static:
-    macos:
-      xcode: 14.3.1
-    resource_class: macos.m1.medium.gen1
-    environment:
-      JAVA_HOME: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/liberica-jdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home
-    steps:
-      - increase-max-open-files-on-macos
-      - install-gflags-on-macos
-      - install-cmake-on-macos
-      - install-jdk8-on-macos
-      - pre-steps-macos
-      - run:
-          name: "Set Java Environment"
-          command: |
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-      - run:
-          name: "Build RocksDBJava x86 and ARM Static Libraries"
-          command: make V=1 J=16 -j16 rocksdbjavastaticosx
-          no_output_timeout: 20m
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-macos-java-static-universal:
-    macos:
-      xcode: 14.3.1
-    resource_class: macos.m1.medium.gen1
-    environment:
-      JAVA_HOME: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/liberica-jdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home
-    steps:
-      - increase-max-open-files-on-macos
-      - install-gflags-on-macos
-      - install-cmake-on-macos
-      - install-jdk8-on-macos
-      - pre-steps-macos
-      - run:
-          name: "Set Java Environment"
-          command: |
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-      - run:
-          name: "Build RocksDBJava Universal Binary Static Library"
-          command: make V=1 J=16 -j16 rocksdbjavastaticosx_ub
-          no_output_timeout: 20m
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-examples:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "Build examples"
-          command: |
-            make V=1 -j4 static_lib && cd examples && make V=1 -j4
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-cmake-mingw:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: update-alternatives --set x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++-posix
-      - run:
-          name: "Build cmake-mingw"
-          command: |
-            export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-            mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DJNI=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=OFF .. -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Windows && make -j4 rocksdb rocksdbjni
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-non-shm:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    environment:
-      TEST_TMPDIR: /tmp/rocksdb_test_tmp
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run: make V=1 -j32 check
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-arm-test-full:
-    machine:
-      image: ubuntu-2004:202111-02
-    resource_class: arm.large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - install-gflags
-      - run: make V=1 J=4 -j4 check
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-arm:
-    machine:
-      image: ubuntu-2004:202111-02
-    resource_class: arm.large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - install-gflags
-      - run: ROCKSDBTESTS_PLATFORM_DEPENDENT=only make V=1 J=4 -j4 all_but_some_tests check_some
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-linux-arm-cmake-no_test_run:
-    machine:
-      image: ubuntu-2004:202111-02
-    resource_class: arm.large
-    environment:
-      JAVA_HOME: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-arm64
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - install-gflags
-      - run:
-          name: "Set Java Environment"
-          command: |
-            echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
-            echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
-            which java && java -version
-            which javac && javac -version
-      - run:
-          name: "Build with cmake"
-          command: |
-            mkdir build
-            cd build
-            cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DWITH_TESTS=0 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DWITH_BENCHMARK_TOOLS=0 -DWITH_TOOLS=0 -DWITH_CORE_TOOLS=1 ..
-            make -j4
-      - run:
-          name: "Build Java with cmake"
-          command: |
-            rm -rf build
-            mkdir build
-            cd build
-            cmake -DJNI=1 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 ..
-            make -j4 rocksdb rocksdbjni
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-format-compatible:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: 2xlarge
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "test"
-          command: |
-            export TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm/rocksdb
-            rm -rf /dev/shm/rocksdb
-            mkdir /dev/shm/rocksdb
-            tools/check_format_compatible.sh
-      - post-steps
-
-  build-fuzzers:
-    executor: linux-docker
-    resource_class: large
-    steps:
-      - pre-steps
-      - run:
-          name: "Build rocksdb lib"
-          command: CC=clang-13 CXX=clang++-13 USE_CLANG=1 make -j4 static_lib
-      - run:
-          name: "Build fuzzers"
-          command: cd fuzz && make sst_file_writer_fuzzer db_fuzzer db_map_fuzzer
-      - post-steps
-
-  benchmark-linux: #use a private Circle CI runner (resource_class) to run the job
-    machine: true
-    resource_class: facebook/rocksdb-benchmark-sys1
-    steps:
-      - build-for-benchmarks
-      - perform-benchmarks
-      - post-benchmarks
-
-workflows:
-  version: 2
-  jobs-linux-run-tests:
-    jobs:
-      - build-linux
-      - build-linux-cmake-with-folly
-      - build-linux-cmake-with-folly-lite-no-test
-      - build-linux-gcc-7-with-folly
-      - build-linux-gcc-7-with-folly-lite-no-test
-      - build-linux-cmake-with-folly-coroutines
-      - build-linux-cmake-with-benchmark
-      - build-linux-encrypted_env-no_compression
-  jobs-linux-run-tests-san:
-    jobs:
-      - build-linux-clang10-asan
-      - build-linux-clang10-ubsan
-      - build-linux-clang10-mini-tsan
-      - build-linux-static_lib-alt_namespace-status_checked
-  jobs-linux-no-test-run:
-    jobs:
-      - build-linux-release
-      - build-linux-release-rtti
-      - build-examples
-      - build-fuzzers
-      - build-linux-clang-no_test_run
-      - build-linux-clang-13-no_test_run
-      - build-linux-gcc-8-no_test_run
-      - build-linux-gcc-10-cxx20-no_test_run
-      - build-linux-gcc-11-no_test_run
-      - build-linux-arm-cmake-no_test_run
-  jobs-linux-other-checks:
-    jobs:
-      - build-linux-clang10-clang-analyze
-      - build-linux-unity-and-headers
-      - build-linux-mini-crashtest
-  jobs-windows:
-    jobs:
-      - build-windows-vs2022-avx2
-      - build-windows-vs2022
-      - build-windows-vs2019
-      - build-cmake-mingw
-  jobs-java:
-    jobs:
-      - build-linux-java
-      - build-linux-java-static
-      - build-macos-java
-      - build-macos-java-static
-      - build-macos-java-static-universal
-      - build-linux-java-pmd
-  jobs-macos:
-    jobs:
-      - build-macos
-      - build-macos-cmake:
-          run_even_tests: true
-      - build-macos-cmake:
-          run_even_tests: false
-  jobs-linux-arm:
-    jobs:
-      - build-linux-arm
-  build-fuzzers:
-    jobs:
-      - build-fuzzers
-  benchmark-linux:
-    triggers:
-      - schedule:
-          cron: "0 * * * *"
-          filters:
-            branches:
-              only:
-                - main
-    jobs:
-      - benchmark-linux
-  nightly:
-    triggers:
-      - schedule:
-          cron: "0 9 * * *"
-          filters:
-            branches:
-              only:
-                - main
-    jobs:
-      - build-format-compatible
-      - build-linux-arm-test-full
-      - build-linux-run-microbench
-      - build-linux-non-shm
-      - build-linux-clang-13-asan-ubsan-with-folly
-      - build-linux-valgrind

.circleci/ubsan_suppression_list.txt

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-# Supress UBSAN warnings related to stl_tree.h, e.g.
-# UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.4.0/../../../../include/c++/5.4.0/bits/stl_tree.h:1505:43 in 
-# /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.4.0/../../../../include/c++/5.4.0/bits/stl_tree.h:1505:43:
-# runtime error: upcast of address 0x000001fa8820 with insufficient space for an object of type
-# 'std::_Rb_tree_node<std::pair<const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>, rocksdb::(anonymous namespace)::LockHoldingInfo> >'
-src:*bits/stl_tree.h

.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# When making changes, verify the output of:
+#   clang-tidy -list-checks
+---
+Checks: "-*,\
+  bugprone-argument-comment,\
+  bugprone-dangling-handle,\
+  bugprone-fold-init-type,\
+  bugprone-forward-declaration-namespace,\
+  bugprone-forwarding-reference-overload,\
+  bugprone-shadow,\
+  bugprone-sizeof-*,\
+  bugprone-string-constructor,\
+  bugprone-undefined-memory-manipulation,\
+  bugprone-unused-return-value,\
+  bugprone-use-after-move,\
+  cert-env33-c,\
+  cert-err58-cpp,\
+  cert-msc30-c,\
+  cert-msc50-cpp,\
+  clang-analyzer-*,\
+  clang-diagnostic-*,\
+  -clang-diagnostic-missing-designated-field-initializers,\
+  concurrency-mt-unsafe,\
+  cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables,\
+  cppcoreguidelines-missing-std-forward,\
+  cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init,\
+  cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,\
+  cppcoreguidelines-virtual-class-destructor,\
+  google-build-using-namespace,\
+  google-explicit-constructor,\
+  google-readability-avoid-underscore-in-googletest-name,\
+  misc-definitions-in-headers,\
+  misc-redundant-expression,\
+  modernize-make-shared,\
+  modernize-use-emplace,\
+  modernize-use-noexcept,\
+  modernize-use-override,\
+  modernize-use-using,\
+  performance-faster-string-find,\
+  performance-for-range-copy,\
+  performance-implicit-conversion-in-loop,\
+  performance-inefficient-algorithm,\
+  performance-inefficient-string-concatenation,\
+  performance-inefficient-vector-operation,\
+  performance-move-const-arg,\
+  performance-move-constructor-init,\
+  performance-no-automatic-move,\
+  performance-no-int-to-ptr,\
+  performance-noexcept-move-constructor,\
+  performance-noexcept-swap,\
+  performance-trivially-destructible,\
+  performance-type-promotion-in-math-fn,\
+  performance-unnecessary-copy-initialization,\
+  performance-unnecessary-value-param,\
+  readability-braces-around-statements,\
+  readability-duplicate-include,\
+  readability-isolate-declaration,\
+  readability-operators-representation,\
+  readability-redundant-string-init"
+
+WarningsAsErrors: "bugprone-use-after-move"
+
+CheckOptions:
+- key: bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters.MinimumLength
+  value: 4
+- key: cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables.AllowThreadLocal
+  value: true
+- key: cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions.AllowSoleDefaultDtor
+  value: true
+- key: cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions.AllowImplicitlyDeletedCopyOrMove
+  value: true
+- key: modernize-use-using.IgnoreExternC
+  value: true
+- key: performance-move-const-arg.CheckTriviallyCopyableMove
+  value: false
+- key: performance-unnecessary-value-param.AllowedTypes
+  value: '[Pp]ointer$;[Pp]tr$;[Rr]ef(erence)?$'
+- key: performance-unnecessary-copy-initialization.AllowedTypes
+  value: '[Pp]ointer$;[Pp]tr$;[Rr]ef(erence)?$'
+- key: readability-operators-representation.BinaryOperators
+  value: '&&;&=;&;|;~;!;!=;||;|=;^;^='
+- key: readability-redundant-string-init.StringNames
+  value: '::std::basic_string'
+- key: readability-named-parameter.InsertPlainNamesInForwardDecls
+  value: true
+...

.github/actions/build-folly/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+name: build-folly
+description: Build folly and dependencies (skipped if cache hit)
+inputs:
+  cache-hit:
+    description: Whether the folly cache was hit
+    required: true
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Build folly and dependencies
+    if: ${{ inputs.cache-hit != 'true' }}
+    run: |
+      clean_path=()
+      IFS=: read -ra path_entries <<< "$PATH"
+      for entry in "${path_entries[@]}"; do
+        if [[ "$entry" != "/usr/lib/ccache" ]]; then
+          clean_path+=("$entry")
+        fi
+      done
+      export PATH="$(IFS=:; echo "${clean_path[*]}")"
+      make build_folly
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Skip folly build (using cached version)
+    if: ${{ inputs.cache-hit == 'true' }}
+    run: echo "Folly build skipped - using cached version"
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/build-for-benchmarks/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: build-for-benchmarks
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+  - name: Linux build for benchmarks
+    run: make V=1 J=8 -j8 release
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/cache-folly/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: cache-folly
+description: Cache folly build to speed up CI
+outputs:
+  cache-hit:
+    description: Whether the cache was hit
+    value: ${{ steps.cache-folly-build.outputs.cache-hit }}
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Extract FOLLY_MK_HASH
+    id: extract-folly-hash
+    shell: bash
+    run: |
+      FOLLY_MK_HASH=$(md5sum folly.mk | cut -d' ' -f1)
+      echo "hash=$FOLLY_MK_HASH" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+  - name: Extract FOLLY_INSTALL_DIR
+    id: extract-folly-install-dir
+    shell: bash
+    run: |
+      FOLLY_INSTALL_DIR=$(cd third-party/folly && python3 build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-inst-dir)
+      echo "dir=$(echo $FOLLY_INSTALL_DIR | sed 's|installed/folly|installed|')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+  - name: Cache folly build
+    id: cache-folly-build
+    uses: actions/cache@v4
+    with:
+      # Cache the folly build directory
+      path: ${{ steps.extract-folly-install-dir.outputs.dir }}
+      # Key is based on:
+      # - OS and architecture
+      # - The docker image, which may not always be specified/known
+      # - Hash of folly.mk, which includes the folly repository commit hash
+      # NOTE: this is still only intended for DEBUG folly builds
+      key: folly-build-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ github.job_container.image }}-${{ steps.extract-folly-hash.outputs.hash }}-${{ env.PORTABLE == '1' && 'portable' || 'native' }}

.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: cache-getdeps-downloads
+description: Cache getdeps downloads to avoid unreliable mirrors and speed up builds
+outputs:
+  cache-hit:
+    description: Whether the cache was hit
+    value: ${{ steps.cache-downloads.outputs.cache-hit }}
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Cache getdeps downloads
+    id: cache-downloads
+    uses: actions/cache@v4
+    with:
+      # Use a fixed path that we control - folly.mk will sync with getdeps downloads dir
+      path: /tmp/rocksdb-getdeps-cache
+      # Use a rolling cache key - the cache accumulates downloads over time
+      # The key includes a weekly timestamp to ensure periodic refresh
+      key: getdeps-downloads-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-week-${{ github.run_id }}
+      restore-keys: |
+        getdeps-downloads-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-week-
+        getdeps-downloads-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-

.github/actions/increase-max-open-files-on-macos/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+name: increase-max-open-files-on-macos
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Increase max open files
+    run: |-
+      sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfiles=1048576
+      sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfilesperproc=1048576
+      sudo launchctl limit maxfiles 1048576
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/install-gflags-on-macos/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+name: install-gflags-on-macos
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Install gflags on macos
+    run: HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install gflags
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/install-gflags/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+name: install-gflags
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Install gflags
+    run: sudo apt-get update -y && sudo apt-get install -y libgflags-dev
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/install-jdk8-on-macos/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+name: install-jdk8-on-macos
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Install JDK 8 on macos
+    run: |-
+      HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew tap bell-sw/liberica
+      HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install --cask liberica-jdk8
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/install-maven/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+name: install-maven
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Install Maven
+    run: |
+      wget --no-check-certificate https://archive.apache.org/dist/maven/maven-3/3.9.11/binaries/apache-maven-3.9.11-bin.tar.gz
+      tar zxf apache-maven-3.9.11-bin.tar.gz
+      echo "export M2_HOME=$(pwd)/apache-maven-3.9.11" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      echo "$(pwd)/apache-maven-3.9.11/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/perform-benchmarks/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: perform-benchmarks
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Test low-variance benchmarks
+    run: "./tools/benchmark_ci.py --db_dir ${{ runner.temp }}/rocksdb-benchmark-datadir --output_dir ${{ runner.temp }}/benchmark-results --num_keys 20000000"
+    env:
+      LD_LIBRARY_PATH: "/usr/local/lib"
+      DURATION_RO: 300
+      DURATION_RW: 500
+      NUM_THREADS: 1
+      MAX_BACKGROUND_JOBS: 4
+      CI_TESTS_ONLY: 'true'
+      WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE_MB: 16
+      TARGET_FILE_SIZE_BASE_MB: 16
+      MAX_BYTES_FOR_LEVEL_BASE_MB: 64
+      COMPRESSION_TYPE: none
+      CACHE_INDEX_AND_FILTER_BLOCKS: 1
+      MIN_LEVEL_TO_COMPRESS: 3
+      CACHE_SIZE_MB: 10240
+      MB_WRITE_PER_SEC: 2
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/post-benchmarks/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+name: post-benchmarks
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Upload Benchmark Results artifact
+    uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+    with:
+      name: benchmark-results
+      path: "${{ runner.temp }}/benchmark-results/**"
+      if-no-files-found: error
+  - name: Send benchmark report to visualisation
+    run: |-
+      set +e
+      set +o pipefail
+      ./build_tools/benchmark_log_tool.py --tsvfile ${{ runner.temp }}/benchmark-results/report.tsv --esdocument https://search-rocksdb-bench-k2izhptfeap2hjfxteolsgsynm.us-west-2.es.amazonaws.com/bench_test3_rix/_doc
+      true
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/post-steps/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+name: post-steps
+description: Steps that are taken after a RocksDB job
+inputs:
+  artifact-prefix:
+    description: Prefix to append to the name of artifacts that are uploaded
+    required: true
+    default: "${{ github.job }}"
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Upload Test Results artifact
+    uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+    with:
+      name: "${{ inputs.artifact-prefix }}-test-results"
+      path: "${{ runner.temp }}/test-results/**"
+  - name: Upload DB LOG file artifact
+    uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+    with:
+      name: "${{ inputs.artifact-prefix }}-db-log-file"
+      path: LOG
+  - name: Copy Test Logs (on Failure)
+    if: ${{ failure() }}
+    run: |
+      mkdir -p ${{ runner.temp }}/failure-test-logs
+      cp -r t/* ${{ runner.temp }}/failure-test-logs
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Upload Test Logs (on Failure) artifact
+    uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+    with:
+      name: "${{ inputs.artifact-prefix }}-failure-test-logs"
+      path: ${{ runner.temp }}/failure-test-logs/**
+      if-no-files-found: ignore
+  - name: Upload Core Dumps artifact
+    uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+    with:
+      name: "${{ inputs.artifact-prefix }}-core-dumps"
+      path: "core.*"
+      if-no-files-found: ignore

.github/actions/pre-steps-macos/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+name: pre-steps-macos
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"

.github/actions/pre-steps/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: pre-steps
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Install lld linker for faster builds
+    run: apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y lld 2>/dev/null || true
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Setup Environment Variables
+    run: |-
+      echo "GTEST_THROW_ON_FAILURE=0" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "GTEST_OUTPUT=\"xml:${{ runner.temp }}/test-results/\"" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "SKIP_FORMAT_BUCK_CHECKS=1" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "GTEST_COLOR=1" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=1" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "CTEST_TEST_TIMEOUT=300" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "ZLIB_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/zlib" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "BZIP2_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/bzip2" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "SNAPPY_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/snappy" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "LZ4_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/lz4" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      echo "ZSTD_DOWNLOAD_BASE=https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/pkgs/zstd" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/setup-ccache/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+name: setup-ccache
+description: Setup ccache for faster C++ compilation caching
+inputs:
+  cache-key-prefix:
+    description: Unique prefix for the cache key (e.g., 'build-linux')
+    required: true
+  portable:
+    description: Set PORTABLE=1 to disable -march=native (set to "false" for jobs linking pre-built Folly)
+    required: false
+    default: "true"
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Set ccache environment variables
+      run: |
+        echo "CCACHE_DIR=${{ github.workspace }}/.ccache" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        echo "CCACHE_BASEDIR=${{ github.workspace }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        echo "CCACHE_NOHASHDIR=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        echo "CCACHE_COMPILERCHECK=content" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        echo "CCACHE_SLOPPINESS=clang_index_store,file_stat_matches,include_file_ctime,include_file_mtime,ivfsoverlay,pch_defines,modules,system_headers,time_macros" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        echo "CCACHE_MAXSIZE=4G" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        if [ "${{ inputs.portable }}" = "true" ]; then
+          echo "PORTABLE=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        fi
+      shell: bash
+    - name: Restore ccache
+      uses: actions/cache@v4
+      with:
+        path: ${{ github.workspace }}/.ccache
+        key: ccache-${{ inputs.cache-key-prefix }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.ref }}-${{ github.sha }}
+        restore-keys: |-
+          ccache-${{ inputs.cache-key-prefix }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.ref }}-
+          ccache-${{ inputs.cache-key-prefix }}-refs/heads/main-
+    - name: Install ccache
+      run: |
+        if [ "$RUNNER_OS" = "macOS" ]; then
+          which ccache || brew install ccache
+        else
+          which ccache || (apt-get update && apt-get install -y ccache)
+        fi
+      shell: bash
+    - name: Add ccache to PATH
+      run: |
+        if [ "$RUNNER_OS" = "macOS" ]; then
+          echo "$(brew --prefix ccache)/libexec" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+        else
+          echo "/usr/lib/ccache" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+        fi
+      shell: bash
+    - name: Zero ccache stats and set build marker
+      run: |
+        ccache -z
+        touch "$CCACHE_DIR/.build_marker"
+      shell: bash

.github/actions/setup-folly/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+name: setup-folly
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Checkout folly sources
+    run: |
+      make checkout_folly
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Install patchelf and libaio
+    run: apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y patchelf libaio-dev
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/setup-upstream/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+name: build-folly
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Fix repo ownership
+    # Needed in some cases, as safe.directory setting doesn't take effect
+    # under env -i
+    run: chown `whoami` . || true
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Set upstream
+    run: git remote add upstream https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb.git
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Fetch upstream
+    run: git fetch upstream
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Git status
+    # NOTE: some old branch builds under check_format_compatible.sh invoke
+    # git under env -i
+    run: git status && git remote -v && env -i git branch
+    shell: bash

.github/actions/teardown-ccache/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+name: teardown-ccache
+description: Trim stale ccache entries and print stats
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Trim and print ccache stats
+      run: |
+        if [ -z "$CCACHE_DIR" ]; then
+          echo "teardown-ccache: CCACHE_DIR not set, skipping (setup-ccache may not have run)"
+          exit 0
+        fi
+        .github/scripts/ccache-trim.sh || true
+        ccache -s || echo "teardown-ccache: ccache not found, skipping stats"
+      if: always()
+      shell: bash

.github/actions/windows-build-steps/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+name: windows-build-steps
+inputs:
+  suite-run:
+    description: Comma-separated list of test suites to run (empty to skip C++ tests)
+    required: false
+    default: arena_test,db_basic_test,db_test,db_test2,db_merge_operand_test,bloom_test,c_test,coding_test,crc32c_test,dynamic_bloom_test,env_basic_test,env_test,hash_test,random_test
+  run-java:
+    description: Whether to run Java tests
+    required: false
+    default: "true"
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+  - name: Add msbuild to PATH
+    uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v1.3.1
+  - name: ccache
+    uses: hendrikmuhs/ccache-action@v1.2
+    with:
+      max-size: "10GB"
+      key: ccache-windows-${{ github.workflow }}
+      restore-keys: |
+        ccache-windows-
+  - name: Configure ccache
+    shell: pwsh
+    run: |
+      ccache --set-config=base_dir=C:\a\rocksdb\rocksdb
+      ccache --set-config=hash_dir=false
+      ccache --set-config=compiler_check=content
+  - name: Custom steps
+    env:
+      THIRDPARTY_HOME: ${{ github.workspace }}/thirdparty
+      CMAKE_HOME: C:/Program Files/CMake
+      CMAKE_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/cmake.exe
+      CTEST_BIN: C:/Program Files/CMake/bin/ctest.exe
+      JAVA_HOME: C:/Program Files/BellSoft/LibericaJDK-8
+      SNAPPY_HOME: ${{ github.workspace }}/thirdparty/snappy-1.2.2
+      SNAPPY_INCLUDE: ${{ github.workspace }}/thirdparty/snappy-1.2.2;${{ github.workspace }}/thirdparty/snappy-1.2.2/build
+      SNAPPY_LIB_DEBUG: ${{ github.workspace }}/thirdparty/snappy-1.2.2/build/Debug/snappy.lib
+    run: |-
+      # NOTE: if ... Exit $LASTEXITCODE lines needed to exit and report failure
+      echo ===================== Install Dependencies =====================
+      choco install liberica8jdk -y
+      if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      mkdir $Env:THIRDPARTY_HOME
+      cd $Env:THIRDPARTY_HOME
+      echo "Building Snappy dependency..."
+      curl -Lo snappy-1.2.2.zip https://github.com/google/snappy/archive/refs/tags/1.2.2.zip
+      if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      unzip -q snappy-1.2.2.zip
+      if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      cd snappy-1.2.2
+      mkdir build
+      cd build
+      & cmake -G "$Env:CMAKE_GENERATOR" .. -DSNAPPY_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DSNAPPY_BUILD_BENCHMARKS=OFF
+      if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      msbuild Snappy.sln -maxCpuCount -property:Configuration=Debug -property:Platform=x64
+      if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      echo ======================== Build RocksDB =========================
+      cd ${{ github.workspace }}
+      $env:Path = $env:JAVA_HOME + ";" + $env:Path
+      mkdir build
+      cd build
+      & cmake -G "$Env:CMAKE_GENERATOR" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DWIN_CI=1 -DPORTABLE="$Env:CMAKE_PORTABLE" -DSNAPPY=1 -DXPRESS=1 -DJNI=1 ..
+      if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      cd ..
+      echo "Building with VS version: $Env:CMAKE_GENERATOR"
+      # use more parallel processes than the number of processes available, as most of the compile command would be cache hit
+      msbuild build/rocksdb.sln /m:32 /p:LinkIncremental=false -property:Configuration=Debug -property:Platform=x64
+      if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      echo ========================= Test RocksDB =========================
+      $suiteRun = "${{ inputs.suite-run }}"
+      if ($suiteRun -ne "") {
+        $suiteArray = $suiteRun -split ','
+        build_tools\run_ci_db_test.ps1 -SuiteRun $suiteArray -Concurrency 16
+        if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      } else {
+        echo "Skipping C++ tests (suite-run is empty)"
+      }
+      if ("${{ inputs.run-java }}" -eq "true") {
+        echo ======================== Test RocksJava ========================
+        cd build\java
+        & ctest -C Debug -j 16
+        if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+      } else {
+        echo "Skipping Java tests"
+      }
+    shell: pwsh
+  - name: Show ccache stats
+    shell: pwsh
+    run: |
+      ccache --show-stats -v

.github/scripts/build-ai-review-comment.js

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Shared markdown builder for AI review comment bodies.
+//
+// Usage:
+//   const build = require('./build-ai-review-comment.js');
+//   return build({ icon, headerTitle, triggerLine, responseBody, footerLines
+//   });
+
+module.exports = function buildAiReviewComment(
+    {icon, headerTitle, triggerLine, responseBody, footerLines}) {
+  return [
+    `## ${icon} ${headerTitle}`,
+    '',
+    triggerLine,
+    '',
+    '---',
+    '',
+    responseBody,
+    '',
+    '---',
+    '',
+    '<details>',
+    '<summary>ℹ️ About this response</summary>',
+    '',
+    ...footerLines,
+    '</details>',
+  ].join('\n');
+};

.github/scripts/ccache-trim.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Trim ccache to keep only entries accessed during the current build.
+#
+# Usage: 
+#   1. Before build: touch "$CCACHE_DIR/.build_marker"
+#   2. Run build (ccache updates mtime on hits, creates new files for misses)
+#   3. After build: .github/scripts/ccache-trim.sh
+#
+# This removes cache files not accessed during the build (stale entries from
+# previous commits). Only intended for CI where each run builds one commit.
+# Do NOT use on local builds where multiple worktrees may share the cache.
+
+set -e
+
+CCACHE_DIR="${CCACHE_DIR:?CCACHE_DIR must be set}"
+MARKER="$CCACHE_DIR/.build_marker"
+
+if [ ! -f "$MARKER" ]; then
+    echo "ccache-trim: No .build_marker found, skipping (was the marker created before build?)"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# Count files before cleanup
+before=$(find "$CCACHE_DIR" -type f \( -name '*R' -o -name '*M' \) | wc -l)
+
+# Delete cache files (results and manifests) older than the marker
+find "$CCACHE_DIR" -type f \( -name '*R' -o -name '*M' \) ! -newer "$MARKER" -delete
+
+# Clean up empty directories
+find "$CCACHE_DIR" -mindepth 2 -type d -empty -delete 2>/dev/null || true
+
+# Recalculate size counters
+ccache -c 2>/dev/null || true
+
+after=$(find "$CCACHE_DIR" -type f \( -name '*R' -o -name '*M' \) | wc -l)
+echo "ccache-trim: $before -> $after cache files (removed $((before - after)) stale entries)"
+
+# Clean up marker
+rm -f "$MARKER"

.github/scripts/compute-test-shard.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Compute test shard for parallel CI execution.
+# Distributes tests round-robin across N shards for balanced load.
+# Outputs ROCKSDBTESTS_SUBSET — the list of test binaries for this shard.
+# The Makefile uses this to build and run only the assigned tests.
+#
+# Usage: compute-test-shard.sh <shard_index> <num_shards>
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+shard=${1:?Usage: compute-test-shard.sh <shard_index> <num_shards>}
+nshards=${2:?Usage: compute-test-shard.sh <shard_index> <num_shards>}
+
+# Get sorted test list (db_test first since it's the heaviest, then alpha)
+make -s list_all_tests 2>/dev/null | tr ' ' '\n' | grep '_test$' | sort -u > /tmp/sorted.txt
+(echo db_test; grep -v '^db_test$' /tmp/sorted.txt) > /tmp/all_tests.txt
+
+total=$(wc -l < /tmp/all_tests.txt)
+
+# Round-robin: assign test i to shard (i % nshards).
+# This spreads heavy tests (which are scattered alphabetically) evenly.
+awk -v s="$shard" -v n="$nshards" 'NR > 0 && (NR - 1) % n == s' /tmp/all_tests.txt > /tmp/include.txt
+
+included=$(wc -l < /tmp/include.txt)
+first=$(head -1 /tmp/include.txt)
+last=$(tail -1 /tmp/include.txt)
+
+# Output space-separated list for ROCKSDBTESTS_SUBSET
+subset=$(tr '\n' ' ' < /tmp/include.txt)
+echo "subset=${subset}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+echo "Shard $shard/$nshards: $included tests (round-robin), first=$first last=$last (total $total)"

.github/scripts/parse-claude-review.js

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+// Parse Claude Code execution log and produce a markdown review comment.
+//
+// Usage from actions/github-script:
+//   const parse = require('./.github/scripts/parse-claude-review.js');
+//   const markdown = parse({ executionFile, conclusion, meta });
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   executionFile - path to the JSON execution log from claude-code-base-action
+//   conclusion    - 'success' or 'failure' from the action output
+//   meta          - { trigger, autoMode, headSha, reviewer, isQuery, isPartial
+//   }
+
+const fs = require('fs');
+const buildComment = require('./build-ai-review-comment.js');
+
+module.exports = function parseClaude({executionFile, conclusion, meta}) {
+  function getTriggerLine() {
+    if (meta.trigger !== 'auto') {
+      return `*Requested by @${meta.reviewer}*`;
+    }
+    const shortSha = meta.headSha ? meta.headSha.substring(0, 7) : 'unknown';
+    if (meta.autoMode === 'early') {
+      return `*Auto-triggered after CI reached the early-review threshold — reviewing commit ${
+          shortSha}*`;
+    }
+    return `*Auto-triggered after CI passed — reviewing commit ${shortSha}*`;
+  }
+
+  let responseBody = '';
+
+  try {
+    const executionLog = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(executionFile, 'utf8'));
+
+    if (!Array.isArray(executionLog)) {
+      throw new Error('Expected array format from claude-code-base-action');
+    }
+
+    const resultMessage = executionLog.find(m => m.type === 'result');
+
+    // Helper: extract the last substantial assistant text from the log.
+    // Used as a fallback when Claude ran out of turns and the recovery
+    // session also failed to produce a result.
+    function getLastAssistantText(log, minLength = 200) {
+      for (let i = log.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        const m = log[i];
+        if (m.type !== 'assistant') continue;
+        const content = m.message && m.message.content;
+        if (!Array.isArray(content)) continue;
+        for (let j = content.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+          if (content[j].type === 'text' && content[j].text &&
+              content[j].text.trim().length >= minLength) {
+            const text = content[j].text.trim();
+            // Truncate to avoid enormous PR comments
+            return text.length > 50000 ? text.substring(0, 50000) +
+                    '\n\n*[Truncated — full output in execution log artifact]*' :
+                                         text;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (!resultMessage) {
+      responseBody = '⚠️ No result message found in execution log.';
+    } else if (resultMessage.subtype === 'success' && resultMessage.result) {
+      responseBody = resultMessage.result;
+    } else if (resultMessage.is_error || resultMessage.subtype === 'error') {
+      const errorInfo =
+          resultMessage.result || resultMessage.error || 'Unknown error';
+      responseBody = `❌ **Claude encountered an error:**\n\n${errorInfo}`;
+    } else if (resultMessage.subtype === 'error_max_turns') {
+      // The workflow runs a recovery session when this happens, so this
+      // branch is typically only hit if recovery wasn't attempted (e.g.,
+      // no findings file was written). Extract what we can.
+      const partial = getLastAssistantText(executionLog);
+      if (partial) {
+        responseBody =
+            `⚠️ **Review incomplete — Claude hit the turn limit.**\n\nBelow is the last partial output. You can request a fresh review with \`/claude-review\`.\n\n---\n\n${
+                partial}`;
+      } else {
+        responseBody =
+            '⚠️ **Review incomplete — Claude hit the turn limit before producing output.** You can request a fresh review with `/claude-review`.';
+      }
+    } else if (resultMessage.result) {
+      responseBody = `⚠️ **Completed with status: ${
+          resultMessage.subtype}**\n\n${resultMessage.result}`;
+    } else {
+      responseBody = '⚠️ Claude completed but produced no output.';
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    responseBody = `❌ Error parsing Claude response: ${error.message}`;
+  }
+
+  const isPartial = !!meta.isPartial;
+  const icon = isPartial ? '🟡' : (conclusion === 'success' ? '✅' : '⚠️');
+  const headerTitle = meta.isQuery ? 'Claude Response' : 'Claude Code Review';
+  const triggerLine = getTriggerLine();
+
+  return buildComment({
+    icon,
+    headerTitle,
+    triggerLine,
+    responseBody,
+    footerLines: [
+      'Generated by [Claude Code](https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code-action).',
+      'Review methodology: `claude_md/code_review.md`',
+      '',
+      '**Limitations:**',
+      '- Claude may miss context from files not in the diff',
+      '- Large PRs may be truncated',
+      '- Always apply human judgment to AI suggestions',
+      '',
+      '**Commands:**',
+      '- `/claude-review [context]` — Request a code review',
+      '- `/claude-query <question>` — Ask about the PR or codebase',
+    ],
+  });
+};

.github/scripts/parse-codex-review.js

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// Parse Codex review artifacts and produce a markdown review comment.
+//
+// Usage from actions/github-script:
+//   const parse = require('./.github/scripts/parse-codex-review.js');
+//   const markdown = parse({ responseFile, recoveryFile, findingsFile, logFile,
+//   exitCode, meta });
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   responseFile - path to Codex final response output
+//   recoveryFile - path to recovery output formatted from review-findings.md
+//   findingsFile - path to incremental findings file written during review
+//   logFile      - path to Codex stdout/stderr log
+//   exitCode     - Codex process exit code
+//   meta         - { trigger, autoMode, headSha, reviewer, isQuery, isPartial }
+
+const fs = require('fs');
+const buildComment = require('./build-ai-review-comment.js');
+
+module.exports = function parseCodex(
+    {responseFile, recoveryFile, findingsFile, logFile, exitCode, meta}) {
+  function getTriggerLine() {
+    if (meta.trigger !== 'auto') {
+      return `*Requested by @${meta.reviewer}*`;
+    }
+    const shortSha = meta.headSha ? meta.headSha.substring(0, 7) : 'unknown';
+    if (meta.autoMode === 'early') {
+      return `*Auto-triggered after CI reached the early-review threshold — reviewing commit ${
+          shortSha}*`;
+    }
+    return `*Auto-triggered after CI passed — reviewing commit ${shortSha}*`;
+  }
+
+  function readIfPresent(path) {
+    if (!path || !fs.existsSync(path)) {
+      return '';
+    }
+    const text = fs.readFileSync(path, 'utf8').trim();
+    return text;
+  }
+
+  function tailFile(path, maxChars = 12000) {
+    const text = readIfPresent(path);
+    if (!text) {
+      return '';
+    }
+    if (text.length <= maxChars) {
+      return text;
+    }
+    return text.slice(text.length - maxChars);
+  }
+
+  let responseBody = '';
+  const recovered = readIfPresent(recoveryFile);
+  const direct = readIfPresent(responseFile);
+  const findings = readIfPresent(findingsFile);
+
+  if (recovered) {
+    responseBody = recovered;
+  } else if (direct) {
+    responseBody = direct;
+  } else if (findings) {
+    responseBody =
+        '⚠️ **Review incomplete — Codex did not produce a final response.**\n\n' +
+        'Below are the incremental findings recovered from `review-findings.md`.\n\n---\n\n' +
+        findings;
+  } else {
+    const logTail = tailFile(logFile);
+    responseBody = logTail ?
+        `❌ **Codex review failed before producing findings.**\n\n\`\`\`\n${
+            logTail}\n\`\`\`` :
+        '❌ Codex review failed before producing any output.';
+  }
+
+  const isPartial = !!meta.isPartial;
+  const code = Number.parseInt(exitCode || '1', 10);
+  const icon = isPartial ? '🟡' : (code === 0 ? '✅' : '⚠️');
+  const triggerLine = getTriggerLine();
+
+  return buildComment({
+    icon,
+    headerTitle: meta.isQuery ? 'Codex Response' : 'Codex Code Review',
+    triggerLine,
+    responseBody,
+    footerLines: [
+      'Generated by Codex CLI.',
+      'Review methodology: `claude_md/code_review.md`',
+      '',
+      '**Limitations:**',
+      '- Codex may miss context from files not in the diff',
+      '- Large PRs may be truncated',
+      '- Always apply human judgment to AI suggestions',
+      '',
+      '**Commands:**',
+      '- `/codex-review [context]` — Request a code review',
+      '- `/codex-query <question>` — Ask about the PR or codebase',
+    ],
+  });
+};

.github/scripts/post-pr-comment.js

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+// Shared PR comment posting utility.
+// Used by both clang-tidy-comment.yml and claude-review-comment.yml.
+//
+// Usage from actions/github-script:
+//   const post = require('./.github/scripts/post-pr-comment.js');
+//   await post({ github, context, core, prNumber, body, marker });
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   github   - octokit instance from actions/github-script
+//   context  - GitHub Actions context
+//   core     - @actions/core for logging
+//   prNumber - PR number to comment on
+//   body     - comment body (markdown string)
+//   marker   - HTML comment marker for dedup (e.g. '<!-- claude-review -->')
+//              If an existing comment with this marker is found, it is updated.
+//              If not found, a new comment is created.
+//   legacyMarkers - optional list of legacy markers that should be migrated by
+//              being considered part of the same comment family.
+//   prunePrefix - optional marker prefix whose older comments should be
+//                 superseded. If obsoleteTitle is set, older comments are
+//                 collapsed instead of deleted.
+//   preserveLatest - optional count of active comments to keep when
+//                    prunePrefix is set.
+//   obsoleteMarker - optional HTML marker used to detect already-obsolete
+//                    comments.
+//   obsoleteTitle - optional heading to use when collapsing superseded
+//                   comments into a details block.
+
+module.exports = async function postPrComment({
+  github,
+  context,
+  core,
+  prNumber,
+  body,
+  marker,
+  legacyMarkers = [],
+  prunePrefix = '',
+  preserveLatest = 0,
+  obsoleteMarker = '',
+  obsoleteTitle = '',
+}) {
+  if (!prNumber || !body) {
+    core.warning('Missing prNumber or body; skipping comment.');
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const owner = context.repo.owner;
+  const repo = context.repo.repo;
+
+  // Ensure marker is embedded in the body
+  const markedBody = body.includes(marker) ? body : `${marker}\n${body}`;
+
+  async function listComments() {
+    return await github.paginate(github.rest.issues.listComments, {
+      owner,
+      repo,
+      issue_number: prNumber,
+      per_page: 100,
+    });
+  }
+
+  function commentActivityTime(comment) {
+    const timestamp =
+        Date.parse(comment.updated_at || comment.created_at || '');
+    return Number.isNaN(timestamp) ? 0 : timestamp;
+  }
+
+  function commentSortDescending(left, right) {
+    const timeDelta = commentActivityTime(right) - commentActivityTime(left);
+    if (timeDelta !== 0) {
+      return timeDelta;
+    }
+    return Number(right.id || 0) - Number(left.id || 0);
+  }
+
+  function isObsoleteComment(comment) {
+    return !!obsoleteMarker && typeof comment.body === 'string' &&
+        comment.body.includes(obsoleteMarker);
+  }
+
+  function buildObsoleteBody(comment) {
+    const originalBody =
+        typeof comment.body === 'string' && comment.body.trim() ?
+        comment.body :
+        '*No original review body preserved.*';
+    const title = obsoleteTitle || 'AI Review - OBSOLETE';
+    return `${obsoleteMarker}\n## ${
+        title}\n\n<details>\n<summary>Superseded by a newer AI review. Expand to see the original review.</summary>\n\n${
+        originalBody}\n\n</details>`;
+  }
+
+  async function deleteCommentIfPresent(comment, reason) {
+    try {
+      await github.rest.issues.deleteComment({
+        owner,
+        repo,
+        comment_id: comment.id,
+      });
+      core.info(`${reason} ${comment.id}`);
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (error.status === 404) {
+        core.info(`Comment ${comment.id} was already deleted by another run.`);
+        return;
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function supersedeCommentIfPresent(comment, reason) {
+    if (!obsoleteTitle) {
+      await deleteCommentIfPresent(comment, reason);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (isObsoleteComment(comment)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    try {
+      await github.rest.issues.updateComment({
+        owner,
+        repo,
+        comment_id: comment.id,
+        body: buildObsoleteBody(comment),
+      });
+      core.info(`${reason} ${comment.id}`);
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (error.status === 404) {
+        core.info(`Comment ${comment.id} was already deleted by another run.`);
+        return;
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+
+  let comments = await listComments();
+  const existing = comments.find(
+      comment =>
+          typeof comment.body === 'string' && comment.body.includes(marker));
+  let currentCommentId = null;
+
+  if (existing) {
+    try {
+      const response = await github.rest.issues.updateComment({
+        owner,
+        repo,
+        comment_id: existing.id,
+        body: markedBody,
+      });
+      currentCommentId = existing.id;
+      core.info(`Updated existing comment ${existing.id}`);
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (error.status !== 404) {
+        throw error;
+      }
+      core.info(
+          `Comment ${existing.id} disappeared before update; ` +
+          'creating a fresh comment instead.');
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!currentCommentId) {
+    const response = await github.rest.issues.createComment({
+      owner,
+      repo,
+      issue_number: prNumber,
+      body: markedBody,
+    });
+    currentCommentId = response.data.id;
+    core.info('Created new PR comment');
+  }
+
+  if (prunePrefix || legacyMarkers.length > 0) {
+    comments = await listComments();
+    const relatedComments = comments.filter(
+        comment => comment.id !== currentCommentId &&
+            typeof comment.body === 'string' &&
+            ((prunePrefix && comment.body.includes(prunePrefix)) ||
+             legacyMarkers.some(
+                 legacyMarker => comment.body.includes(legacyMarker))));
+    const activeRelatedComments =
+        comments
+            .filter(
+                comment => typeof comment.body === 'string' &&
+                    !isObsoleteComment(comment) &&
+                    (comment.id === currentCommentId ||
+                     relatedComments.some(
+                         relatedComment => relatedComment.id === comment.id)))
+            .sort(commentSortDescending);
+
+    const keep =
+        new Set(activeRelatedComments.slice(0, Math.max(preserveLatest, 1))
+                    .map(comment => comment.id));
+
+    const supersedeCandidates = obsoleteTitle ?
+        activeRelatedComments.filter(comment => !keep.has(comment.id)) :
+        relatedComments.filter(comment => !keep.has(comment.id));
+
+    for (const comment of supersedeCandidates) {
+      if (keep.has(comment.id)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      await supersedeCommentIfPresent(comment, 'Superseded old AI review');
+    }
+  }
+};

.github/scripts/post-pr-comment.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+const test = require('node:test');
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
+
+const postPrComment = require('./post-pr-comment.js');
+
+const OBSOLETE_MARKER = '<!-- claude-review-obsolete -->';
+const OBSOLETE_TITLE = 'Claude Code Review - OBSOLETE';
+
+function makeComment(id, body, createdAt, updatedAt) {
+  return {
+    id,
+    body,
+    created_at: createdAt,
+    updated_at: updatedAt || createdAt,
+  };
+}
+
+function createHarness(initialComments, options = {}) {
+  let comments = initialComments.map(comment => ({...comment}));
+  let nextCommentId = options.nextCommentId || 1000;
+  let paginateCount = 0;
+
+  const calls = {
+    update: [],
+    create: [],
+    delete: [],
+  };
+
+  const github = {
+    paginate: async () => {
+      paginateCount++;
+      if (options.onPaginate) {
+        const updated = options.onPaginate({
+          paginateCount,
+          comments: comments.map(comment => ({...comment})),
+        });
+        if (updated) {
+          comments = updated.map(comment => ({...comment}));
+        }
+      }
+      return comments.map(comment => ({...comment}));
+    },
+    rest: {
+      issues: {
+        listComments: () => {
+          throw new Error('listComments should only be used through paginate');
+        },
+        updateComment: async ({comment_id, body}) => {
+          calls.update.push({comment_id, body});
+          const error =
+              options.updateErrors && options.updateErrors[comment_id];
+          if (error) {
+            throw error;
+          }
+          const index =
+              comments.findIndex(comment => comment.id === comment_id);
+          if (index === -1) {
+            const notFound = new Error(`Comment ${comment_id} not found`);
+            notFound.status = 404;
+            throw notFound;
+          }
+          const updated = {
+            ...comments[index],
+            body,
+            updated_at: options.updateTimestamp || '2026-04-24T00:00:00Z',
+          };
+          comments[index] = updated;
+          return {data: {...updated}};
+        },
+        createComment: async ({issue_number, body}) => {
+          calls.create.push({issue_number, body});
+          const created = makeComment(
+              nextCommentId++, body,
+              options.createTimestamp || '2026-04-24T00:00:00Z');
+          comments.push(created);
+          return {data: {id: created.id}};
+        },
+        deleteComment: async ({comment_id}) => {
+          calls.delete.push({comment_id});
+          const error =
+              options.deleteErrors && options.deleteErrors[comment_id];
+          if (error) {
+            throw error;
+          }
+          comments = comments.filter(comment => comment.id !== comment_id);
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  };
+
+  return {
+    github,
+    calls,
+    getComments: () => comments.map(comment => ({...comment})),
+  };
+}
+
+function createCore() {
+  return {
+    info: () => {},
+    warning: () => {},
+  };
+}
+
+function escapeRegExp(value) {
+  return value.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&');
+}
+
+function assertObsoleteComment(comment, originalBody) {
+  assert.ok(comment);
+  assert.match(comment.body, new RegExp(escapeRegExp(OBSOLETE_MARKER)));
+  assert.match(comment.body, new RegExp(`## ${escapeRegExp(OBSOLETE_TITLE)}`));
+  assert.match(comment.body, /<details>/);
+  assert.match(comment.body, /Superseded by a newer AI review/);
+  assert.match(comment.body, new RegExp(escapeRegExp(originalBody)));
+}
+
+const context = {
+  repo: {
+    owner: 'facebook',
+    repo: 'rocksdb',
+  },
+};
+
+test(
+    'creates a fresh review comment and supersedes legacy comments',
+    async () => {
+      const harness = createHarness(
+          [
+            makeComment(
+                1, '<!-- claude-review-auto -->\nold legacy', 'not-a-date'),
+            makeComment(
+                2, '<!-- claude-review-auto -->\nnew legacy',
+                '2026-04-21T00:00:00Z'),
+          ],
+          {
+            updateTimestamp: '2026-04-24T00:00:00Z',
+          });
+
+      await postPrComment({
+        github: harness.github,
+        context,
+        core: createCore(),
+        prNumber: 14659,
+        body: 'review body',
+        marker: '<!-- claude-review-auto-run-500 -->',
+        legacyMarkers: ['<!-- claude-review-auto -->'],
+        prunePrefix: '<!-- claude-review-auto-',
+        preserveLatest: 1,
+        obsoleteMarker: OBSOLETE_MARKER,
+        obsoleteTitle: OBSOLETE_TITLE,
+      });
+
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.create.length, 1);
+      assert.deepEqual(
+          harness.calls.update.map(call => call.comment_id), [2, 1]);
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.delete.length, 0);
+
+      const comments = harness.getComments();
+      assert.equal(comments.length, 3);
+      assert.match(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 1000).body,
+          /<!-- claude-review-auto-run-500 -->/);
+      assertObsoleteComment(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 2),
+          '<!-- claude-review-auto -->\nnew legacy');
+      assertObsoleteComment(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 1),
+          '<!-- claude-review-auto -->\nold legacy');
+    });
+
+test(
+    'updates an exact-match comment and supersedes leftover legacy comments',
+    async () => {
+      const harness = createHarness(
+          [
+            makeComment(
+                3, '<!-- claude-review-auto-abcdef0 -->\ncurrent body',
+                '2026-04-24T00:00:00Z'),
+            makeComment(
+                4, '<!-- claude-review-auto -->\nlegacy body',
+                '2026-04-20T00:00:00Z'),
+          ],
+          {
+            updateTimestamp: '2026-04-24T01:00:00Z',
+          });
+
+      await postPrComment({
+        github: harness.github,
+        context,
+        core: createCore(),
+        prNumber: 14659,
+        body: 'refreshed body',
+        marker: '<!-- claude-review-auto-abcdef0 -->',
+        legacyMarkers: ['<!-- claude-review-auto -->'],
+        prunePrefix: '<!-- claude-review-auto-',
+        preserveLatest: 1,
+        obsoleteMarker: OBSOLETE_MARKER,
+        obsoleteTitle: OBSOLETE_TITLE,
+      });
+
+      assert.deepEqual(
+          harness.calls.update.map(call => call.comment_id), [3, 4]);
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.create.length, 0);
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.delete.length, 0);
+
+      const comments = harness.getComments();
+      assert.match(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 3).body,
+          /<!-- claude-review-auto-abcdef0 -->\nrefreshed body/);
+      assertObsoleteComment(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 4),
+          '<!-- claude-review-auto -->\nlegacy body');
+    });
+
+test(
+    'creates a new comment if the target disappears before update',
+    async () => {
+      const missing = new Error('gone');
+      missing.status = 404;
+      const harness = createHarness(
+          [
+            makeComment(
+                10, '<!-- claude-review-auto-abcdef0 -->\nold body',
+                '2026-04-20T00:00:00Z'),
+          ],
+          {
+            updateErrors: {
+              10: missing,
+            },
+          });
+
+      await postPrComment({
+        github: harness.github,
+        context,
+        core: createCore(),
+        prNumber: 14659,
+        body: 'replacement body',
+        marker: '<!-- claude-review-auto-abcdef0 -->',
+      });
+
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.update.length, 1);
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.create.length, 1);
+      assert.match(
+          harness.calls.create[0].body, /<!-- claude-review-auto-abcdef0 -->/);
+    });
+
+test(
+    'ignores 404 when superseding a comment already deleted by another run',
+    async () => {
+      const missing = new Error('gone');
+      missing.status = 404;
+      const harness = createHarness(
+          [
+            makeComment(
+                20, '<!-- claude-review-auto-oldest -->\noldest',
+                '2026-04-20T00:00:00Z'),
+            makeComment(
+                21, '<!-- claude-review-auto-newer -->\nnewer',
+                '2026-04-21T00:00:00Z'),
+          ],
+          {
+            nextCommentId: 30,
+            createTimestamp: '2026-04-24T00:00:00Z',
+            deleteErrors: {
+              20: missing,
+            },
+          });
+
+      await postPrComment({
+        github: harness.github,
+        context,
+        core: createCore(),
+        prNumber: 14659,
+        body: 'fresh body',
+        marker: '<!-- claude-review-auto-latest -->',
+        prunePrefix: '<!-- claude-review-auto-',
+        preserveLatest: 1,
+        obsoleteMarker: OBSOLETE_MARKER,
+        obsoleteTitle: OBSOLETE_TITLE,
+      });
+
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.create.length, 1);
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.delete.length, 0);
+      assert.deepEqual(
+          harness.calls.update.map(call => call.comment_id), [21, 20]);
+
+      const comments = harness.getComments();
+      assertObsoleteComment(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 21),
+          '<!-- claude-review-auto-newer -->\nnewer');
+    });
+
+test(
+    'supersedes the current review when a newer concurrent one appears',
+    async () => {
+      const harness = createHarness(
+          [
+            makeComment(
+                40, '<!-- claude-review-auto-current -->\ncurrent',
+                '2026-04-20T00:00:00Z'),
+            makeComment(
+                41, '<!-- claude-review-auto-older -->\nolder',
+                '2026-04-19T00:00:00Z'),
+          ],
+          {
+            updateTimestamp: '2026-04-24T00:00:00Z',
+            onPaginate: ({paginateCount, comments}) => {
+              if (paginateCount !== 2) {
+                return comments;
+              }
+              return comments.concat([
+                makeComment(
+                    42, '<!-- claude-review-auto-newer -->\nnewer',
+                    '2026-04-25T00:00:00Z'),
+              ]);
+            },
+          });
+
+      await postPrComment({
+        github: harness.github,
+        context,
+        core: createCore(),
+        prNumber: 14659,
+        body: 'updated current body',
+        marker: '<!-- claude-review-auto-current -->',
+        prunePrefix: '<!-- claude-review-auto-',
+        preserveLatest: 1,
+        obsoleteMarker: OBSOLETE_MARKER,
+        obsoleteTitle: OBSOLETE_TITLE,
+      });
+
+      assert.deepEqual(
+          harness.calls.update.map(call => call.comment_id), [40, 40, 41]);
+      assert.equal(harness.calls.delete.length, 0);
+
+      const comments = harness.getComments();
+      assert.match(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 42).body,
+          /<!-- claude-review-auto-newer -->\nnewer/);
+      assertObsoleteComment(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 40),
+          '<!-- claude-review-auto-current -->\nupdated current body');
+      assertObsoleteComment(
+          comments.find(comment => comment.id === 41),
+          '<!-- claude-review-auto-older -->\nolder');
+    });

.github/workflows/ai-review-comment.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+# Shared comment-posting workflow for AI reviews.
+
+name: AI Review Comment
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      provider:
+        description: Provider key, for example "claude" or "codex"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      result_artifact_name:
+        description: Artifact name produced by the analysis workflow
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      comment_file:
+        description: Markdown comment file produced by the analysis workflow
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+  issues: write
+
+jobs:
+  comment:
+    if: github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout scripts
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout: .github/scripts
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: true
+
+      - name: Download review artifact
+        id: download
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ${{ inputs.result_artifact_name }}
+          run-id: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+
+      - name: Post or update PR comment
+        if: steps.download.outcome == 'success'
+        env:
+          PROVIDER: ${{ inputs.provider }}
+          COMMENT_FILE: ${{ inputs.comment_file }}
+          RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const fs = require('fs');
+            if (!fs.existsSync(process.env.COMMENT_FILE) ||
+                !fs.existsSync('pr_number.txt')) {
+              core.info('No review results found; skipping.');
+              return;
+            }
+
+            const post = require('./.github/scripts/post-pr-comment.js');
+            const provider = process.env.PROVIDER;
+            const providerTitle = provider === 'codex' ? 'Codex' : 'Claude';
+            const body = fs.readFileSync(process.env.COMMENT_FILE, 'utf8');
+            const prNumber = parseInt(
+              fs.readFileSync('pr_number.txt', 'utf8').trim(),
+              10
+            );
+            const trigger = fs.existsSync('trigger_type.txt') ?
+              fs.readFileSync('trigger_type.txt', 'utf8').trim() :
+              'auto';
+            const headSha = fs.existsSync('head_sha.txt') ?
+              fs.readFileSync('head_sha.txt', 'utf8').trim() :
+              '';
+            const shortSha = headSha ? headSha.substring(0, 7) : '';
+            const runId = process.env.RUN_ID;
+
+            let marker = '';
+            let legacyMarkers = [];
+            let prunePrefix = '';
+            let preserveLatest = 0;
+            let obsoleteMarker = '';
+            let obsoleteTitle = '';
+
+            if (trigger === 'auto') {
+              if (!shortSha) {
+                core.warning(
+                  'Missing head_sha.txt for auto review; skipping comment.'
+                );
+                return;
+              }
+              marker = `<!-- ${provider}-review-auto-run-${runId} -->`;
+              legacyMarkers = [`<!-- ${provider}-review-auto -->`];
+              prunePrefix = `<!-- ${provider}-review-auto-`;
+              preserveLatest = 1;
+              obsoleteMarker = `<!-- ${provider}-review-obsolete -->`;
+              obsoleteTitle = `${providerTitle} Code Review - OBSOLETE`;
+            } else {
+              marker = `<!-- ${provider}-review-manual-run-${runId} -->`;
+            }
+
+            await post({
+              github,
+              context,
+              core,
+              prNumber,
+              body,
+              marker,
+              legacyMarkers,
+              prunePrefix,
+              preserveLatest,
+              obsoleteMarker,
+              obsoleteTitle,
+            });
+
+      - name: Add reaction to trigger comment
+        if: steps.download.outcome == 'success'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const fs = require('fs');
+            if (!fs.existsSync('trigger_type.txt')) return;
+            const trigger = fs.readFileSync('trigger_type.txt', 'utf8').trim();
+            if (trigger !== 'manual') return;
+            if (!fs.existsSync('comment_id.txt')) return;
+            const commentId = parseInt(
+              fs.readFileSync('comment_id.txt', 'utf8').trim(),
+              10
+            );
+            if (!commentId) return;
+
+            await github.rest.reactions.createForIssueComment({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              comment_id: commentId,
+              content: 'rocket'
+            });
+
+  failure-notice:
+    if: github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'failure'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Download artifact for PR number
+        id: download
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ${{ inputs.result_artifact_name }}
+          run-id: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+
+      - name: React with failure
+        if: steps.download.outcome == 'success'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const fs = require('fs');
+            if (!fs.existsSync('comment_id.txt')) return;
+            const commentId = parseInt(
+              fs.readFileSync('comment_id.txt', 'utf8').trim(),
+              10
+            );
+            if (!commentId) return;
+
+            await github.rest.reactions.createForIssueComment({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              comment_id: commentId,
+              content: 'confused'
+            });
+
+  unauthorized-notice:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: >-
+      github.event.workflow_run.event == 'issue_comment' &&
+      github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'skipped'
+    steps:
+      - name: Log skipped unauthorized request
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+          script: |
+            core.info(
+              'Analysis workflow was skipped, which usually means the ' +
+              'issue_comment requester was not in the authorized list.'
+            );

.github/workflows/benchmark-linux.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+name: facebook/rocksdb/benchmark-linux
+on: workflow_dispatch
+permissions: {}
+  # FIXME: Disabled temporarily
+  # schedule:
+  # - cron: 7 */2 * * *  # At minute 7 past every 2nd hour
+jobs:
+  benchmark-linux:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest # FIXME: change this back to self-hosted when ready
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/build-for-benchmarks"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/perform-benchmarks"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-benchmarks"

.github/workflows/clang-tidy-comment.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+name: Post clang-tidy PR comment
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: ["clang-tidy"]
+    types: [completed]
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  comment:
+    if: github.event.workflow_run.event == 'pull_request'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout scripts
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with:
+        sparse-checkout: .github/scripts
+        sparse-checkout-cone-mode: true
+
+    - name: Download clang-tidy results
+      id: download
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4.1.3
+      with:
+        name: clang-tidy-result
+        run-id: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
+        github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      continue-on-error: true
+
+    - name: Post or update PR comment
+      if: steps.download.outcome == 'success'
+      uses: actions/github-script@v7
+      with:
+        script: |
+          const fs = require('fs');
+          if (!fs.existsSync('clang-tidy-comment.md') || !fs.existsSync('pr_number.txt')) {
+            core.info('No clang-tidy results found; skipping.');
+            return;
+          }
+          const body = fs.readFileSync('clang-tidy-comment.md', 'utf8');
+          const prNumber = parseInt(fs.readFileSync('pr_number.txt', 'utf8').trim());
+          const post = require('./.github/scripts/post-pr-comment.js');
+
+          await post({
+            github,
+            context,
+            core,
+            prNumber,
+            body,
+            marker: '<!-- clang-tidy-bot -->',
+          });

.github/workflows/clang-tidy.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+name: clang-tidy
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+
+permissions: {}
+
+jobs:
+  clang-tidy:
+    if: github.repository_owner == 'facebook'
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 2
+    - name: Mark workspace as safe for git
+      run: git config --global --add safe.directory $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
+    - name: Determine diff base
+      id: diff-base
+      run: |
+        if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "pull_request" ]; then
+          BASE="${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}"
+          git fetch --depth=1 origin "$BASE"
+        else
+          BASE="${{ github.event.before }}"
+          if echo "$BASE" | grep -q '^0\{40\}$'; then
+            echo "skip=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "New branch push; skipping clang-tidy."
+            exit 0
+          fi
+        fi
+        echo "ref=$BASE" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+        echo "skip=false" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+    - name: Install clang-tidy
+      if: steps.diff-base.outputs.skip != 'true'
+      run: apt-get update && apt-get install -y clang-tidy-21 && ln -sf /usr/bin/clang-tidy-21 /usr/local/bin/clang-tidy
+    - name: Generate compile_commands.json
+      if: steps.diff-base.outputs.skip != 'true'
+      run: |
+        mkdir build && cd build
+        cmake -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON \
+              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-21 \
+              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-21 ..
+        cd ..
+        ln -sf build/compile_commands.json compile_commands.json
+    - name: Run clang-tidy on changed files
+      id: clang-tidy
+      if: steps.diff-base.outputs.skip != 'true'
+      run: |
+        python3 tools/run_clang_tidy.py \
+          -j 4 \
+          --diff-base ${{ steps.diff-base.outputs.ref }} \
+          --github-annotations \
+          --github-step-summary \
+          --comment-output clang-tidy-comment.md
+      continue-on-error: true
+    - name: Save PR number
+      if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && always()
+      run: echo "${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}" > pr_number.txt
+    - name: Upload clang-tidy results
+      if: always()
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+      with:
+        name: clang-tidy-result
+        path: |
+          clang-tidy-comment.md
+          pr_number.txt
+        if-no-files-found: ignore
+    - name: Fail if clang-tidy found issues
+      if: steps.clang-tidy.outcome == 'failure'
+      run: exit 1

.github/workflows/claude-review-comment.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Claude Code Review — Comment Posting Workflow
+#
+# Thin wrapper around .github/workflows/ai-review-comment.yml so the provider
+# specific workflow name stays stable while the shared implementation lives in
+# one reusable workflow.
+
+name: Post Claude Review Comment
+
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: ["Claude Code Review"]
+    types: [completed]
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+  issues: write
+
+jobs:
+  review-comment:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/ai-review-comment.yml
+    with:
+      provider: claude
+      result_artifact_name: claude-review-result
+      comment_file: claude-review-comment.md
+    secrets: inherit

.github/workflows/claude-review.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Claude Code Review — Analysis Workflow
+#
+# Thin wrapper around .github/workflows/ai-review-analysis.yml so provider
+# specific triggers and workflow_dispatch inputs stay stable while the shared
+# implementation lives in one reusable workflow.
+
+name: Claude Code Review
+
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: ["facebook/rocksdb/pr-jobs"]
+    types: [completed]
+
+  # The early pull_request_target path is limited to same-repo PRs by the job
+  # condition below. Fork PRs skip this path and rely on workflow_run instead.
+  pull_request_target:
+    types: [opened, reopened, synchronize]
+
+  issue_comment:
+    types: [created]
+
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      pr_number:
+        description: PR number to review
+        required: true
+        type: number
+      model:
+        description: Claude model to use (defaults to latest Opus)
+        required: false
+        type: choice
+        options:
+          - claude-opus-4-6
+          - claude-sonnet-4-6
+        default: claude-opus-4-6
+      thinking_budget:
+        description: Override MAX_THINKING_TOKENS (blank = auto-classify, capped at 24000)
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  # The shared analysis workflow polls check state, inspects prior runs, and
+  # reads PR metadata. Keep those permissions read-only in the caller.
+  actions: read
+  checks: read
+  pull-requests: read
+
+jobs:
+  review:
+    if: >-
+      github.event_name != 'pull_request_target' ||
+      github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/ai-review-analysis.yml
+    with:
+      provider: claude
+      display_name: Claude
+      review_command: /claude-review
+      query_command: /claude-query
+      result_artifact_name: claude-review-result
+      comment_file: claude-review-comment.md
+      default_model: claude-opus-4-6
+      selected_model: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.model || '' }}
+      classifier_model: claude-sonnet-4-6
+      recovery_model: claude-sonnet-4-6
+      thinking_budget: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.thinking_budget || '' }}
+      dispatch_pr_number: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.pr_number || '' }}
+    secrets: inherit

.github/workflows/codex-review-comment.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Codex Code Review — Comment Posting Workflow
+#
+# Thin wrapper around .github/workflows/ai-review-comment.yml so the provider
+# specific workflow name stays stable while the shared implementation lives in
+# one reusable workflow.
+
+name: Post Codex Review Comment
+
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: ["Codex Code Review"]
+    types: [completed]
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+  issues: write
+
+jobs:
+  review-comment:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/ai-review-comment.yml
+    with:
+      provider: codex
+      result_artifact_name: codex-review-result
+      comment_file: codex-review-comment.md
+    secrets: inherit

.github/workflows/codex-review.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Codex Code Review — Analysis Workflow
+#
+# Thin wrapper around .github/workflows/ai-review-analysis.yml so provider
+# specific triggers and workflow_dispatch inputs stay stable while the shared
+# implementation lives in one reusable workflow.
+
+name: Codex Code Review
+
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: ["facebook/rocksdb/pr-jobs"]
+    types: [completed]
+
+  # The early pull_request_target path is limited to same-repo PRs by the job
+  # condition below. Fork PRs skip this path and rely on workflow_run instead.
+  pull_request_target:
+    types: [opened, reopened, synchronize]
+
+  issue_comment:
+    types: [created]
+
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      pr_number:
+        description: PR number to review
+        required: true
+        type: number
+      model:
+        description: Codex model to use
+        required: false
+        type: choice
+        options:
+          - gpt-5.5
+          - gpt-5.3-codex
+          - gpt-5.2-codex
+        default: gpt-5.5
+      thinking_budget:
+        description: Override MAX_THINKING_TOKENS (blank = auto-classify)
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  # The shared analysis workflow polls check state, inspects prior runs, and
+  # reads PR metadata. Keep those permissions read-only in the caller.
+  actions: read
+  checks: read
+  pull-requests: read
+
+jobs:
+  review:
+    if: >-
+      github.event_name != 'pull_request_target' ||
+      github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/ai-review-analysis.yml
+    with:
+      provider: codex
+      display_name: Codex
+      review_command: /codex-review
+      query_command: /codex-query
+      result_artifact_name: codex-review-result
+      comment_file: codex-review-comment.md
+      default_model: gpt-5.5
+      selected_model: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.model || '' }}
+      thinking_budget: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.thinking_budget || '' }}
+      dispatch_pr_number: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.pr_number || '' }}
+    secrets: inherit

.github/workflows/nightly-candidate.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+name: facebook/rocksdb/nightly
+on: workflow_dispatch
+permissions: {}
+jobs:
+  # These jobs would be in nightly but are failing or otherwise broken for
+  # some reason.
+  build-linux-arm-test-full:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: arm64large
+    container:
+      image: ubuntu-2004:202111-02
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags"
+    - run: make V=1 J=4 -j4 check
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"

.github/workflows/nightly.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+name: facebook/rocksdb/nightly
+on:
+  schedule:
+  - cron: 0 9 * * *
+  workflow_dispatch:
+permissions: {}
+jobs:
+  build-format-compatible:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0 # Need full repo history
+        fetch-tags: true
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-upstream"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - name: test
+      run: |-
+        export TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm/rocksdb
+        rm -rf /dev/shm/rocksdb
+        mkdir /dev/shm/rocksdb
+        git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/rocksdb/rocksdb
+        tools/check_format_compatible.sh
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-non-shm:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    env:
+      TEST_TMPDIR: "/tmp/rocksdb_test_tmp"
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - run: make V=1 -j32 check
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-clang-21-asan-ubsan-with-folly:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    env:
+      CC: clang-21
+      CXX: clang++-21
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-folly"
+    - name: Build folly and dependencies
+      run: |
+        clean_path=()
+        IFS=: read -ra path_entries <<< "$PATH"
+        for entry in "${path_entries[@]}"; do
+          if [[ "$entry" != "/usr/lib/ccache" ]]; then
+            clean_path+=("$entry")
+          fi
+        done
+        export PATH="$(IFS=:; echo "${clean_path[*]}")"
+        ccache_bin="$(command -v ccache || true)"
+        if [[ -n "$ccache_bin" && -x "$ccache_bin" ]]; then
+          mv "$ccache_bin" "${ccache_bin}.disabled"
+        fi
+        export CC=gcc
+        export CXX=g++
+        export USE_CCACHE=0
+        export CCACHE_DISABLE=1
+        make build_folly
+      shell: bash
+    - run: LIB_MODE=static USE_CLANG=1 USE_FOLLY=1 COMPILE_WITH_UBSAN=1 COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 make -j32 check
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-cmake-with-folly:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-folly"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-folly"
+      id: cache-folly
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/build-folly"
+      with:
+        cache-hit: ${{ steps.cache-folly.outputs.cache-hit }}
+    - run: "(mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DUSE_FOLLY=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DROCKSDB_BUILD_SHARED=0 .. && make VERBOSE=1 -j20 && ctest -j20)"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-release-with-folly:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-folly"
+    - run: "DEBUG_LEVEL=0 make -j20 build_folly"
+    - run: "USE_FOLLY=1 LIB_MODE=static DEBUG_LEVEL=0 V=1 make -j20 release"
+    - run: "(mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DUSE_FOLLY=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DROCKSDB_BUILD_SHARED=0 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release .. && make VERBOSE=1 -j20 && ctest -j20)"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-windows-vs2022-avx2:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    env:
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 17 2022
+      CMAKE_PORTABLE: AVX2
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/windows-build-steps"
+  build-linux-arm-test-full:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu-arm
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+      - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+      - run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y build-essential libgflags-dev
+      - run: make V=1 J=4 -j4 check
+      - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-arm-crashtest:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu-arm
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y build-essential libgflags-dev libsnappy-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev
+    - run: sudo mount -o remount,size=16G /dev/shm
+    - run: sudo dd bs=1048576 count=4096 if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile && sudo chmod 600 /swapfile && sudo mkswap /swapfile && sudo swapon /swapfile
+    - run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && make V=1 -j8 CRASH_TEST_EXT_ARGS='--duration=1800 --max_key=2500000' blackbox_crash_test_with_atomic_flush
+    - run: rm -rf /dev/shm/rocksdb.*
+    - run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && make V=1 -j8 CRASH_TEST_EXT_ARGS='--duration=1800 --max_key=2500000' blackbox_crash_test_with_multiops_wc_txn
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-examples:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - name: Build examples
+      run: make V=1 -j4 static_lib && cd examples && make V=1 -j4
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-fuzzers:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - name: Build rocksdb lib
+      run: CC=clang-21 CXX=clang++-21 USE_CLANG=1 make -j4 static_lib
+    - name: Build fuzzers
+      run: cd fuzz && make sst_file_writer_fuzzer db_fuzzer db_map_fuzzer
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-cmake-with-folly-lite:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-folly"
+    - run: "(mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DUSE_FOLLY_LITE=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=-DGLOG_USE_GLOG_EXPORT .. && make VERBOSE=1 -j20 && ctest -j20)"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"

.github/workflows/pr-jobs-candidate.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+name: facebook/rocksdb/pr-jobs-candidate
+on: workflow_dispatch
+permissions: {}
+jobs:
+  # These jobs would be in pr-jobs but are failing or otherwise broken for
+  # some reason.
+  # =========================== ARM Jobs ============================ #
+  build-linux-arm:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: arm64large # GitHub hosted ARM runners do not yet exist
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags"
+    - run: ROCKSDBTESTS_PLATFORM_DEPENDENT=only make V=1 J=4 -j4 all_but_some_tests check_some
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-arm-cmake-no_test_run:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: arm64large # GitHub hosted ARM runners do not yet exist
+    env:
+      JAVA_HOME: "/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-arm64"
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags"
+    - name: Set Java Environment
+      run: |-
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+    - name: Build with cmake
+      run: |-
+        mkdir build
+        cd build
+        cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DWITH_TESTS=0 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DWITH_BENCHMARK_TOOLS=0 -DWITH_TOOLS=0 -DWITH_CORE_TOOLS=1 ..
+        make -j4
+    - name: Build Java with cmake
+      run: |-
+        rm -rf build
+        mkdir build
+        cd build
+        cmake -DJNI=1 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 ..
+        make -j4 rocksdb rocksdbjni
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"

.github/workflows/pr-jobs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,727 @@
+name: facebook/rocksdb/pr-jobs
+on: [push, pull_request]
+permissions: {}
+env:
+  # Set to a job name to run only that job (on any repo), or leave empty for
+  # normal behavior (all jobs on facebook repo only).
+  ONLY_JOB: ''
+jobs:
+  config:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      only_job: ${{ steps.set.outputs.only_job }}
+    steps:
+    - id: set
+      run: echo "only_job=$ONLY_JOB" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+  # NOTE: multiple workflows would be recommended, but the current GHA UI in
+  # PRs doesn't make it clear when there's an overall error with a workflow,
+  # making it easy to overlook something broken. Grouping everything into one
+  # workflow minimizes the problem because it will be suspicious if there are
+  # no GHA results.
+  #
+  # The if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }} lines prevent the
+  # jobs from attempting to run on repo forks, because of a few problems:
+  # * runs-on labels are repository (owner) specific, so the job might wait
+  # for days waiting for a runner that simply isn't available.
+  # * Pushes to branches on forks for pull requests (the normal process) would
+  # run the workflow jobs twice: once in the pull-from fork and once for the PR
+  # destination repo. This is wasteful and dumb.
+  # * It is not known how to avoid copy-pasting the line to each job,
+  # increasing the risk of misconfiguration, especially on forks that might
+  # want to run with this GHA setup.
+  #
+  # SELECTIVE JOB EXECUTION: Set the ONLY_JOB env var at the top of this file
+  # to a job name (e.g. "build-linux-clang-tidy") to run only that job,
+  # bypassing the repository owner check. Leave it empty for normal behavior.
+  #
+  # DEBUGGING WITH SSH: Temporarily add this as a job step, either before the
+  # step of interest without the "if:" line or after the failing step with the
+  # "if:" line. Then use ssh command printed in CI output.
+  #  - name: Setup tmate session # TEMPORARY!
+  #    if: ${{ failure() }}
+  #    uses: mxschmitt/action-tmate@v3
+  #    with:
+  #      limit-access-to-actor: true
+
+  # ======================== Fast Initial Checks ====================== #
+  check-format-and-targets:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'check-format-and-targets' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0 # Need full checkout to determine merge base
+        fetch-tags: true
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-upstream"
+    - name: Setup Python
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+    - name: Install Dependencies
+      run: python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+    - name: Install argparse
+      run: pip install argparse
+    - name: Install clang-format
+      run: |
+        pip install https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fb/ac/3c04772acc0257f5730e83adb542b2603c1a62d1315010ab593a980af404/clang_format-21.1.2-py2.py3-none-manylinux_2_27_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl
+        clang-format --version
+    - name: Download clang-format-diff.py
+      run: wget https://rocksdb-deps.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/llvm/llvm-project/release/12.x/clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format-diff.py
+    - name: Check format
+      run: VERBOSE_CHECK=1 make check-format
+    - name: Compare buckify output
+      run: make check-buck-targets
+    - name: Simple source code checks
+      run: make check-sources
+    - name: Validate GitHub Actions YAML
+      run: make check-workflow-yaml
+    - name: Sanity check check_format_compatible.sh
+      run: |-
+        export TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm/rocksdb
+        rm -rf /dev/shm/rocksdb
+        mkdir /dev/shm/rocksdb
+        git reset --hard
+        git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/rocksdb/rocksdb
+        SANITY_CHECK=1 LONG_TEST=1 tools/check_format_compatible.sh
+  # ========================= Linux With Tests ======================== #
+  build-linux:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: build-linux
+    - run: make V=1 J=32 -j32 check
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-cmake-mingw:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-cmake-mingw' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: cmake-mingw
+    - run: update-alternatives --set x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ /usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++-posix
+    - name: Build cmake-mingw
+      run: |-
+        export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+        mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DJNI=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=OFF .. -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Windows && make -j4 rocksdb rocksdbjni
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-make-with-folly:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-make-with-folly' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 32-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-folly"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: make-with-folly
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-folly"
+      id: cache-folly
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/build-folly"
+      with:
+        cache-hit: ${{ steps.cache-folly.outputs.cache-hit }}
+    - run: USE_FOLLY=1 LIB_MODE=static V=1 make -j64 check
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-make-with-folly-lite-no-test:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-make-with-folly-lite-no-test' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-folly"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: make-folly-lite
+    - run: USE_FOLLY_LITE=1 EXTRA_CXXFLAGS=-DGLOG_USE_GLOG_EXPORT V=1 make -j32 all
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-cmake-with-folly-coroutines:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-cmake-with-folly-coroutines' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 32-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-getdeps-downloads"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-folly"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: cmake-folly-coroutines
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/cache-folly"
+      id: cache-folly
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/build-folly"
+      with:
+        cache-hit: ${{ steps.cache-folly.outputs.cache-hit }}
+    - run: "(mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DUSE_COROUTINES=1 -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DROCKSDB_BUILD_SHARED=0 -DPORTABLE=ON .. && make VERBOSE=1 -j64 && ctest -j64)"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-cmake-with-benchmark-no-thread-status:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-cmake-with-benchmark-no-thread-status' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        shard: [0, 1, 2, 3]
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: cmake-benchmark
+    - name: Build
+      run: mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 -DWITH_BENCHMARK=1 -DPORTABLE=ON -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=-DNROCKSDB_THREAD_STATUS .. && make VERBOSE=1 -j20
+    - name: Test shard ${{ matrix.shard }} of 4
+      run: cd build && ctest -j20 -I ${{ matrix.shard }},,4
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+      with:
+        artifact-prefix: "${{ github.job }}-shard${{ matrix.shard }}"
+  build-linux-encrypted_env-no_compression:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-encrypted_env-no_compression' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: encrypted-env-no-compression
+    - run: ENCRYPTED_ENV=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_SNAPPY=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ZLIB=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_BZIP=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_LZ4=1 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ZSTD=1 make V=1 J=32 -j32 check
+    - run: "./sst_dump --help | grep -E -q 'Supported built-in compression types: kNoCompression$' # Verify no compiled in compression\n"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  # ======================== Linux No Test Runs ======================= #
+  build-linux-release:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-release' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: release
+    - run: make V=1 -j32 LIB_MODE=shared release
+    - run: ls librocksdb.so
+    - run: "./trace_analyzer --version" # A tool dependent on gflags that can run in release build
+    - run: make clean
+    - run: USE_RTTI=1 make V=1 -j32 release
+    - run: ls librocksdb.a
+    - run: "./trace_analyzer --version"
+    - run: make clean
+    - run: apt-get remove -y libgflags-dev
+    - run: make V=1 -j32 LIB_MODE=shared release
+    - run: ls librocksdb.so
+    - run: if ./trace_analyzer --version; then false; else true; fi
+    - run: make clean
+    - run: USE_RTTI=1 make V=1 -j32 release
+    - run: ls librocksdb.a
+    - run: if ./trace_analyzer --version; then false; else true; fi
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-clang-13-no_test_run:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-clang-13-no_test_run' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 8-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: clang-13
+    # FIXME: get back to "all microbench" targets
+    - run: CC=clang-13 CXX=clang++-13 USE_CLANG=1 EXTRA_CXXFLAGS=-stdlib=libc++ EXTRA_LDFLAGS=-stdlib=libc++ make -j32 shared_lib
+    - run: make clean
+    # FIXME: get back to "release" target
+    - run: CC=clang-13 CXX=clang++-13 USE_CLANG=1 EXTRA_CXXFLAGS=-stdlib=libc++ EXTRA_LDFLAGS=-stdlib=libc++ DEBUG_LEVEL=0 make -j32 shared_lib
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-clang-21-no_test_run:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-clang-21-no_test_run' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: clang-21
+    - run: CC=clang-21 CXX=clang++-21 USE_CLANG=1 make -j32 all microbench
+    - run: make clean
+    - run: CC=clang-21 CXX=clang++-21 USE_CLANG=1 DEBUG_LEVEL=0 make -j32 release
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-gcc-14-no_test_run:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-gcc-14-no_test_run' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: gcc-14
+    - run: CC=gcc-14 CXX=g++-14 V=1 make -j32 all microbench
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+
+  # ======================== Linux Other Checks ======================= #
+
+  build-linux-unity-and-headers:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-unity-and-headers' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: gcc:latest
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - run: apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y libgflags-dev
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: unity-headers
+    - name: Unity build
+      run: make V=1 -j8 unity_test
+    - run: make V=1 -j8 -k check-headers
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-mini-crashtest:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-mini-crashtest' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+        - crash_test_target: blackbox_crash_test_with_atomic_flush
+          crash_duration: 480
+        - crash_test_target: blackbox_crash_test
+          crash_duration: 240
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: mini-crashtest
+    - run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && make V=1 -j8 CRASH_TEST_EXT_ARGS='--duration=${{ matrix.crash_duration }} --max_key=2500000' ${{ matrix.crash_test_target }}
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+      with:
+        artifact-prefix: "${{ github.job }}-${{ matrix.crash_test_target }}"
+  # ======================= Linux with Sanitizers ===================== #
+  build-linux-clang21-asan-ubsan:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-clang21-asan-ubsan' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 32-core-ubuntu
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        shard: [0, 1, 2]
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: clang21-asan-ubsan
+    - run: COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 COMPILE_WITH_UBSAN=1 CC=clang-21 CXX=clang++-21 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ALIGNED_NEW=1 USE_CLANG=1 make V=1 -j40 check
+      env:
+        CI_SHARD_INDEX: ${{ matrix.shard }}
+        CI_TOTAL_SHARDS: 3
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+      with:
+        artifact-prefix: "${{ github.job }}-shard${{ matrix.shard }}"
+  build-linux-clang21-mini-tsan:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-clang21-mini-tsan' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 32-core-ubuntu
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        shard: [0, 1, 2]
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: clang21-tsan
+    - run: COMPILE_WITH_TSAN=1 CC=clang-21 CXX=clang++-21 ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ALIGNED_NEW=1 USE_CLANG=1 make V=1 -j32 check
+      env:
+        CI_SHARD_INDEX: ${{ matrix.shard }}
+        CI_TOTAL_SHARDS: 3
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+      with:
+        artifact-prefix: "${{ github.job }}-shard${{ matrix.shard }}"
+  build-linux-static_lib-alt_namespace-status_checked:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-static_lib-alt_namespace-status_checked' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: static-alt-namespace
+    - run: ASSERT_STATUS_CHECKED=1 TEST_UINT128_COMPAT=1 ROCKSDB_MODIFY_NPHASH=1 LIB_MODE=static OPT="-DROCKSDB_USE_STD_SEMAPHORES -DROCKSDB_NAMESPACE=alternative_rocksdb_ns" make V=1 -j24 check
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  # ========================= MacOS build only ======================== #
+  build-macos:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-macos' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on: macos-15-xlarge
+    env:
+      ROCKSDB_DISABLE_JEMALLOC: 1
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: maxim-lobanov/setup-xcode@v1.6.0
+      with:
+        xcode-version: 16.4.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: macos
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/increase-max-open-files-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps-macos"
+    - name: Build
+      run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && make V=1 J=16 -j8 all
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  # ========================= MacOS with Tests ======================== #
+  build-macos-cmake:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-macos-cmake' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on: macos-15-xlarge
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        run_sharded_tests: [0, 1, 2, 3]
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: maxim-lobanov/setup-xcode@v1.6.0
+      with:
+        xcode-version: 16.4.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: macos-cmake
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/increase-max-open-files-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps-macos"
+    - name: cmake generate project file
+      run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DWITH_GFLAGS=1 ..
+    - name: Build tests
+      run: cd build && make VERBOSE=1 -j8
+    - name: Run shard 0 out of 4 test shards
+      run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && cd build && ctest -j8 -I 0,,4
+      if: ${{ matrix.run_sharded_tests == 0 }}
+    - name: Run shard 1 out of 4 test shards
+      run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && cd build && ctest -j8 -I 1,,4
+      if: ${{ matrix.run_sharded_tests == 1 }}
+    - name: Run shard 2 out of 4 test shards
+      run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && cd build && ctest -j8 -I 2,,4
+      if: ${{ matrix.run_sharded_tests == 2 }}
+    - name: Run shard 3 out of 4 test shards
+      run: ulimit -S -n `ulimit -H -n` && cd build && ctest -j8 -I 3,,4
+      if: ${{ matrix.run_sharded_tests == 3 }}
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  # ======================== Windows with Tests ======================= #
+  # NOTE: some windows jobs are in "nightly" to save resources
+  build-windows-vs2022:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-windows-vs2022' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on: windows-8-core
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+        - test_shard: db_test
+          suite_run: db_test
+          run_java: "false"
+        - test_shard: other
+          suite_run: arena_test,db_basic_test,db_test2,db_merge_operand_test,bloom_test,c_test,coding_test,crc32c_test,dynamic_bloom_test,env_basic_test,env_test,hash_test,random_test
+          run_java: "false"
+        - test_shard: java
+          suite_run: ""
+          run_java: "true"
+    env:
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 17 2022
+      CMAKE_PORTABLE: 1
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/windows-build-steps"
+      with:
+        suite-run: ${{ matrix.suite_run }}
+        run-java: ${{ matrix.run_java }}
+  # ============================ Java Jobs ============================ #
+  build-linux-java:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-java' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: java
+    - name: Set Java Environment
+      run: |-
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+    - name: Test RocksDBJava
+      run: make V=1 J=8 -j8 jtest
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+  build-linux-java-static:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-java-static' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: java-static
+    - name: Set Java Environment
+      run: |-
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+    - name: Build RocksDBJava Static Library
+      run: make V=1 J=8 -j8 rocksdbjavastatic
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+  build-macos-java:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-macos-java' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on: macos-15-xlarge
+    env:
+      JAVA_HOME: "/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/liberica-jdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home"
+      ROCKSDB_DISABLE_JEMALLOC: 1
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: maxim-lobanov/setup-xcode@v1.6.0
+      with:
+        xcode-version: 16.4.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: macos-java
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/increase-max-open-files-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-jdk8-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps-macos"
+    - name: Set Java Environment
+      run: |-
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+    - name: Test RocksDBJava
+      run: make V=1 J=16 -j16 jtest
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-macos-java-static:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-macos-java-static' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on: macos-15-xlarge
+    env:
+      JAVA_HOME: "/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/liberica-jdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home"
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: maxim-lobanov/setup-xcode@v1.6.0
+      with:
+        xcode-version: 16.4.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: macos-java-static
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/increase-max-open-files-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-jdk8-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps-macos"
+    - name: Set Java Environment
+      run: |-
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+    - name: Build RocksDBJava x86 and ARM Static Libraries
+      run: make V=1 J=16 -j16 rocksdbjavastaticosx
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-macos-java-static-universal:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-macos-java-static-universal' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on: macos-15-xlarge
+    env:
+      JAVA_HOME: "/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/liberica-jdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home"
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: maxim-lobanov/setup-xcode@v1.6.0
+      with:
+        xcode-version: 16.4.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+      with:
+        cache-key-prefix: macos-java-static-universal
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/increase-max-open-files-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-gflags-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-jdk8-on-macos"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps-macos"
+    - name: Set Java Environment
+      run: |-
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+    - name: Build RocksDBJava Universal Binary Static Library
+      run: make V=1 J=16 -j16 rocksdbjavastaticosx_ub
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/teardown-ccache"
+      if: always()
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"
+  build-linux-java-pmd:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-java-pmd' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu
+    container:
+      image: evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_x64-be
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/install-maven"
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - name: Set Java Environment
+      run: |-
+        echo "JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}"
+        which java && java -version
+        which javac && javac -version
+    - name: PMD RocksDBJava
+      run: make V=1 J=8 -j8 jpmd
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+      with:
+        name: pmd-report
+        path: "${{ github.workspace }}/java/target/pmd.xml"
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.0.0
+      with:
+        name: maven-site
+        path: "${{ github.workspace }}/java/target/site"
+  build-linux-arm:
+    if: needs.config.outputs.only_job == 'build-linux-arm' || (needs.config.outputs.only_job == '' && github.repository_owner == 'facebook')
+    needs: config
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 4-core-ubuntu-arm
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+      - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+      - run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y build-essential ccache
+      - uses: "./.github/actions/setup-ccache"
+        with:
+          cache-key-prefix: arm
+      - run: ROCKSDBTESTS_PLATFORM_DEPENDENT=only make V=1 J=4 -j4 all_but_some_tests check_some
+      - name: Print ccache stats
+        run: ccache -s
+        if: always()
+        shell: bash
+      - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"

.github/workflows/sanity_check.yml

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-name: Check buck targets and code format
-on: [push, pull_request]
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  check:
-    name: Check TARGETS file and code format
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout feature branch
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
-
-    - name: Fetch from upstream
-      run: |
-        git remote add upstream https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb.git && git fetch upstream
-
-    - name: Where am I
-      run: |
-        echo git status && git status
-        echo "git remote -v" && git remote -v
-        echo git branch && git branch
-
-    - name: Setup Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v1
-
-    - name: Install Dependencies
-      run: python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-
-    - name: Install argparse
-      run: pip install argparse
-
-    - name: Download clang-format-diff.py
-      run: wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/llvm/llvm-project/release/12.x/clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format-diff.py
-
-    - name: Check format
-      run: VERBOSE_CHECK=1 make check-format
-
-    - name: Compare buckify output
-      run: make check-buck-targets
-
-    - name: Simple source code checks
-      run: make check-sources

.github/workflows/weekly.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+name: facebook/rocksdb/weekly
+on:
+  schedule:
+  - cron: 0 9 * * 0
+  workflow_dispatch:
+permissions: {}
+jobs:
+  build-linux-valgrind:
+    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'facebook' }}
+    runs-on:
+      labels: 16-core-ubuntu
+    timeout-minutes: 840
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.1
+      options: --shm-size=16gb
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.0
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/pre-steps"
+    - run: make V=1 -j20 valgrind_test
+    - uses: "./.github/actions/post-steps"

.gitignore

@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ package/
 unity.a
 tags
 etags
+GPATH
+GRTAGS
+GTAGS
 rocksdb_dump
 rocksdb_undump
 db_test2
@@ -88,6 +91,7 @@ buckifier/__pycache__
 .arcconfig
 
 compile_commands.json
+meta_gen_cpp_compile_commands.json
 clang-format-diff.py
 .py3/
 
@@ -98,3 +102,11 @@ cmake-build-*
 third-party/folly/
 .cache
 *.sublime-*
+
+# Claude Code local settings
+.claude/settings.local.json
+
+tools/__pycache__/
+# Keep documentation trackable even if broader ignores match names like "*_test".
+!docs/
+!docs/**

AGENTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Agent Instructions
+
+This repository's authoritative agent instructions live in `CLAUDE.md`.
+
+Read and follow [`CLAUDE.md`](./CLAUDE.md) in full before making changes or
+reviewing code in this checkout.
+
+If there is any ambiguity between this file and `CLAUDE.md`, `CLAUDE.md` takes
+precedence.

BUCK

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 # This file @generated by:
 #$ python3 buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py
 # --> DO NOT EDIT MANUALLY <--
-# This file is a Facebook-specific integration for buck builds, so can
-# only be validated by Facebook employees.
+# This file is a Meta-specific integration for buck builds, so can
+# only be validated by Meta employees.
 load("//rocks/buckifier:defs.bzl", "cpp_library_wrapper","rocks_cpp_library_wrapper","cpp_binary_wrapper","cpp_unittest_wrapper","fancy_bench_wrapper","add_c_test_wrapper")
+load("@fbcode_macros//build_defs:export_files.bzl", "export_file")
 
 
+oncall("rocksdb_point_of_contact")
+
 cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "cache/cache.cc",
         "cache/cache_entry_roles.cc",
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "cache/sharded_cache.cc",
         "cache/tiered_secondary_cache.cc",
         "db/arena_wrapped_db_iter.cc",
+        "db/attribute_group_iterator_impl.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_contents.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_fetcher.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_file_addition.cc",
@@ -28,15 +32,18 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "db/blob/blob_file_cache.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_file_garbage.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_file_meta.cc",
+        "db/blob/blob_file_partition_manager.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_file_reader.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_garbage_meter.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_log_format.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_log_sequential_reader.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_log_writer.cc",
         "db/blob/blob_source.cc",
+        "db/blob/blob_write_batch_transformer.cc",
         "db/blob/prefetch_buffer_collection.cc",
         "db/builder.cc",
         "db/c.cc",
+        "db/coalescing_iterator.cc",
         "db/column_family.cc",
         "db/compaction/compaction.cc",
         "db/compaction/compaction_iterator.cc",
@@ -58,6 +65,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "db/db_impl/db_impl_debug.cc",
         "db/db_impl/db_impl_experimental.cc",
         "db/db_impl/db_impl_files.cc",
+        "db/db_impl/db_impl_follower.cc",
         "db/db_impl/db_impl_open.cc",
         "db/db_impl/db_impl_readonly.cc",
         "db/db_impl/db_impl_secondary.cc",
@@ -79,10 +87,12 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "db/log_writer.cc",
         "db/logs_with_prep_tracker.cc",
         "db/malloc_stats.cc",
+        "db/manifest_ops.cc",
         "db/memtable.cc",
         "db/memtable_list.cc",
         "db/merge_helper.cc",
         "db/merge_operator.cc",
+        "db/multi_scan.cc",
         "db/output_validator.cc",
         "db/periodic_task_scheduler.cc",
         "db/range_del_aggregator.cc",
@@ -98,8 +108,10 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "db/version_edit.cc",
         "db/version_edit_handler.cc",
         "db/version_set.cc",
+        "db/version_util.cc",
         "db/wal_edit.cc",
         "db/wal_manager.cc",
+        "db/wide/read_path_blob_resolver.cc",
         "db/wide/wide_column_serialization.cc",
         "db/wide/wide_columns.cc",
         "db/wide/wide_columns_helper.cc",
@@ -108,6 +120,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "db/write_controller.cc",
         "db/write_stall_stats.cc",
         "db/write_thread.cc",
+        "db_stress_tool/db_stress_compression_manager.cc",
         "env/composite_env.cc",
         "env/env.cc",
         "env/env_chroot.cc",
@@ -115,6 +128,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "env/env_posix.cc",
         "env/file_system.cc",
         "env/file_system_tracer.cc",
+        "env/fs_on_demand.cc",
         "env/fs_posix.cc",
         "env/fs_remap.cc",
         "env/io_posix.cc",
@@ -144,6 +158,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "memtable/hash_skiplist_rep.cc",
         "memtable/skiplistrep.cc",
         "memtable/vectorrep.cc",
+        "memtable/wbwi_memtable.cc",
         "memtable/write_buffer_manager.cc",
         "monitoring/histogram.cc",
         "monitoring/histogram_windowing.cc",
@@ -163,6 +178,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "options/configurable.cc",
         "options/customizable.cc",
         "options/db_options.cc",
+        "options/offpeak_time_info.cc",
         "options/options.cc",
         "options/options_helper.cc",
         "options/options_parser.cc",
@@ -195,6 +211,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "table/block_based/hash_index_reader.cc",
         "table/block_based/index_builder.cc",
         "table/block_based/index_reader_common.cc",
+        "table/block_based/multi_scan_index_iterator.cc",
         "table/block_based/parsed_full_filter_block.cc",
         "table/block_based/partitioned_filter_block.cc",
         "table/block_based/partitioned_index_iterator.cc",
@@ -206,6 +223,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "table/cuckoo/cuckoo_table_builder.cc",
         "table/cuckoo/cuckoo_table_factory.cc",
         "table/cuckoo/cuckoo_table_reader.cc",
+        "table/external_table.cc",
         "table/format.cc",
         "table/get_context.cc",
         "table/iterator.cc",
@@ -240,6 +258,7 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "trace_replay/trace_record_result.cc",
         "trace_replay/trace_replay.cc",
         "util/async_file_reader.cc",
+        "util/auto_tune_compressor.cc",
         "util/build_version.cc",
         "util/cleanable.cc",
         "util/coding.cc",
@@ -254,10 +273,12 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "util/dynamic_bloom.cc",
         "util/file_checksum_helper.cc",
         "util/hash.cc",
+        "util/io_dispatcher_imp.cc",
         "util/murmurhash.cc",
         "util/random.cc",
         "util/rate_limiter.cc",
         "util/ribbon_config.cc",
+        "util/simple_mixed_compressor.cc",
         "util/slice.cc",
         "util/status.cc",
         "util/stderr_logger.cc",
@@ -309,8 +330,12 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "utilities/persistent_cache/block_cache_tier_metadata.cc",
         "utilities/persistent_cache/persistent_cache_tier.cc",
         "utilities/persistent_cache/volatile_tier_impl.cc",
+        "utilities/secondary_index/secondary_index_iterator.cc",
+        "utilities/secondary_index/simple_secondary_index.cc",
         "utilities/simulator_cache/cache_simulator.cc",
         "utilities/simulator_cache/sim_cache.cc",
+        "utilities/sorted_run_builder/sorted_run_builder.cc",
+        "utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_for_tiering_collector.cc",
         "utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_on_deletion_collector.cc",
         "utilities/trace/file_trace_reader_writer.cc",
         "utilities/trace/replayer_impl.cc",
@@ -343,20 +368,29 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_lib", srcs=[
         "utilities/transactions/write_prepared_txn_db.cc",
         "utilities/transactions/write_unprepared_txn.cc",
         "utilities/transactions/write_unprepared_txn_db.cc",
+        "utilities/trie_index/bitvector.cc",
+        "utilities/trie_index/louds_trie.cc",
+        "utilities/trie_index/trie_index_factory.cc",
         "utilities/ttl/db_ttl_impl.cc",
+        "utilities/types_util.cc",
         "utilities/wal_filter.cc",
         "utilities/write_batch_with_index/write_batch_with_index.cc",
         "utilities/write_batch_with_index/write_batch_with_index_internal.cc",
     ], deps=[
         "//folly/container:f14_hash",
-        "//folly/experimental/coro:blocking_wait",
-        "//folly/experimental/coro:collect",
-        "//folly/experimental/coro:coroutine",
-        "//folly/experimental/coro:task",
+        "//folly/coro:blocking_wait",
+        "//folly/coro:collect",
+        "//folly/coro:coroutine",
+        "//folly/coro:task",
         "//folly/synchronization:distributed_mutex",
-    ], headers=None, link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
+    ], headers=glob(["**/*.h"]), link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
 
-cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_whole_archive_lib", srcs=[], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=None, link_whole=True, extra_test_libs=False)
+cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_whole_archive_lib", srcs=[], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=[], link_whole=True, extra_test_libs=False)
+
+cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_with_faiss_lib", srcs=["utilities/secondary_index/faiss_ivf_index.cc"], deps=[
+        "//faiss:faiss",
+        ":rocksdb_lib",
+    ], headers=[], link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
 
 cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_test_lib", srcs=[
         "db/db_test_util.cc",
@@ -370,27 +404,46 @@ cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_test_lib", srcs=[
         "tools/trace_analyzer_tool.cc",
         "utilities/agg_merge/test_agg_merge.cc",
         "utilities/cassandra/test_utils.cc",
-    ], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=None, link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=True)
+    ], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=[], link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=True)
+
+cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_with_faiss_test_lib", srcs=[
+        "db/db_test_util.cc",
+        "db/db_with_timestamp_test_util.cc",
+        "table/mock_table.cc",
+        "test_util/mock_time_env.cc",
+        "test_util/secondary_cache_test_util.cc",
+        "test_util/testharness.cc",
+        "test_util/testutil.cc",
+        "tools/block_cache_analyzer/block_cache_trace_analyzer.cc",
+        "tools/trace_analyzer_tool.cc",
+        "utilities/agg_merge/test_agg_merge.cc",
+        "utilities/cassandra/test_utils.cc",
+    ], deps=[":rocksdb_with_faiss_lib"], headers=[], link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=True)
 
 cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_tools_lib", srcs=[
         "test_util/testutil.cc",
         "tools/block_cache_analyzer/block_cache_trace_analyzer.cc",
         "tools/db_bench_tool.cc",
         "tools/simulated_hybrid_file_system.cc",
+        "tools/tool_hooks.cc",
         "tools/trace_analyzer_tool.cc",
-    ], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=None, link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
+    ], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=[], link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
 
-cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_cache_bench_tools_lib", srcs=["cache/cache_bench_tool.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=None, link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
+cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_cache_bench_tools_lib", srcs=["cache/cache_bench_tool.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=[], link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
+
+cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_point_lock_bench_tools_lib", srcs=["utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_bench_tool.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_lib"], headers=[], link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=False)
 
 rocks_cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_stress_lib", srcs=[
         "db_stress_tool/batched_ops_stress.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/cf_consistency_stress.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_common.cc",
+        "db_stress_tool/db_stress_compaction_service.cc",
+        "db_stress_tool/db_stress_compression_manager.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_driver.cc",
+        "db_stress_tool/db_stress_filters.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_gflags.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_listener.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_shared_state.cc",
-        "db_stress_tool/db_stress_stat.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_test_base.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_tool.cc",
         "db_stress_tool/db_stress_wide_merge_operator.cc",
@@ -401,13 +454,19 @@ rocks_cpp_library_wrapper(name="rocksdb_stress_lib", srcs=[
         "test_util/testutil.cc",
         "tools/block_cache_analyzer/block_cache_trace_analyzer.cc",
         "tools/trace_analyzer_tool.cc",
-    ], headers=None)
+    ], headers=[])
 
 
+cpp_binary_wrapper(name="ldb", srcs=["tools/ldb.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_tools_lib"], extra_preprocessor_flags=[], extra_bench_libs=False)
+
 cpp_binary_wrapper(name="db_stress", srcs=["db_stress_tool/db_stress.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_stress_lib"], extra_preprocessor_flags=[], extra_bench_libs=False)
 
+cpp_binary_wrapper(name="db_bench", srcs=["tools/db_bench.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_tools_lib"], extra_preprocessor_flags=[], extra_bench_libs=False)
+
 cpp_binary_wrapper(name="cache_bench", srcs=["cache/cache_bench.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_cache_bench_tools_lib"], extra_preprocessor_flags=[], extra_bench_libs=False)
 
+cpp_binary_wrapper(name="point_lock_bench", srcs=["utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_bench.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_point_lock_bench_tools_lib"], extra_preprocessor_flags=[], extra_bench_libs=False)
+
 cpp_binary_wrapper(name="ribbon_bench", srcs=["microbench/ribbon_bench.cc"], deps=[], extra_preprocessor_flags=[], extra_bench_libs=True)
 
 cpp_binary_wrapper(name="db_basic_bench", srcs=["microbench/db_basic_bench.cc"], deps=[], extra_preprocessor_flags=[], extra_bench_libs=True)
@@ -4617,6 +4676,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="compact_files_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="compact_for_tiering_collector_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_for_tiering_collector_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="compact_on_deletion_collector_test",
             srcs=["utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_on_deletion_collector_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -4665,6 +4730,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="compressed_secondary_cache_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="compression_test",
+            srcs=["util/compression_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="configurable_test",
             srcs=["options/configurable_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -4737,6 +4808,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_blob_corruption_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_blob_direct_write_test",
+            srcs=["db/blob/db_blob_direct_write_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_blob_index_test",
             srcs=["db/blob/db_blob_index_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -4761,6 +4838,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_clip_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_compaction_abort_test",
+            srcs=["db/db_compaction_abort_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_compaction_filter_test",
             srcs=["db/db_compaction_filter_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -4785,12 +4868,24 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_encryption_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_etc3_test",
+            srcs=["db/db_etc3_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_flush_test",
             srcs=["db/db_flush_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_follower_test",
+            srcs=["db/db_follower_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_inplace_update_test",
             srcs=["db/db_inplace_update_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -4857,6 +4952,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_merge_operator_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_open_with_config_test",
+            srcs=["db/db_open_with_config_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_options_test",
             srcs=["db/db_options_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -4947,6 +5048,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_wide_basic_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_wide_blob_direct_write_test",
+            srcs=["db/wide/db_wide_blob_direct_write_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="db_with_timestamp_basic_test",
             srcs=["db/db_with_timestamp_basic_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5001,7 +5108,7 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="dynamic_bloom_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
-cpp_library_wrapper(name="env_basic_test_lib", srcs=["env/env_basic_test.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"], headers=None, link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=True)
+cpp_library_wrapper(name="env_basic_test_lib", srcs=["env/env_basic_test.cc"], deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"], headers=[], link_whole=False, extra_test_libs=True)
 
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="env_basic_test",
             srcs=["env/env_basic_test.cc"],
@@ -5051,6 +5158,18 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="external_sst_file_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="faiss_ivf_index_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/secondary_index/faiss_ivf_index_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_with_faiss_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="fault_injection_fs_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/fault_injection_fs_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="fault_injection_test",
             srcs=["db/fault_injection_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5129,6 +5248,18 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="inlineskiplist_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="interval_test",
+            srcs=["util/interval_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="io_dispatcher_test",
+            srcs=["util/io_dispatcher_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="io_posix_test",
             srcs=["env/io_posix_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5225,6 +5356,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="mock_env_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="multi_cf_iterator_test",
+            srcs=["db/multi_cf_iterator_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="object_registry_test",
             srcs=["utilities/object_registry_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5303,6 +5440,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="plain_table_db_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="point_lock_manager_stress_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_manager_stress_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="point_lock_manager_test",
             srcs=["utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_manager_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5411,6 +5554,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="slice_transform_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="sorted_run_builder_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/sorted_run_builder/sorted_run_builder_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="sst_dump_test",
             srcs=["tools/sst_dump_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5513,12 +5662,30 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="transaction_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="trie_index_db_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/trie_index/trie_index_db_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="trie_index_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/trie_index/trie_index_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="ttl_test",
             srcs=["utilities/ttl/ttl_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="types_util_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/types_util_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="udt_util_test",
             srcs=["util/udt_util_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5609,6 +5776,12 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="write_controller_test",
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
 
+cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="write_prepared_transaction_seqno_test",
+            srcs=["utilities/transactions/write_prepared_transaction_seqno_test.cc"],
+            deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
+            extra_compiler_flags=[])
+
+
 cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="write_prepared_transaction_test",
             srcs=["utilities/transactions/write_prepared_transaction_test.cc"],
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
@@ -5620,3 +5793,5 @@ cpp_unittest_wrapper(name="write_unprepared_transaction_test",
             deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
             extra_compiler_flags=[])
 
+
+export_file(name = "tools/db_crashtest.py")

CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+# RocksDB Code Generation and Review Guidance
+
+This document provides guidance for generating and reviewing code in the RocksDB project, derived from analysis of code review feedback across hundreds of complex merged Pull Requests. Use this as a reference when writing code with AI assistants or conducting code reviews.
+
+---
+
+## General Best Practices
+
+### Code Quality and Maintainability
+
+**Clarity and Readability:** Write clear, self-documenting code. Use meaningful variable names, add comments for complex logic, and structure code to minimize cognitive load. Avoid clever tricks that sacrifice readability for marginal performance gains unless absolutely necessary.
+
+**Consistent Style:** Follow existing code style conventions. RocksDB uses `.clang-format` for formatting, specific naming conventions, and structural patterns. Deviations from these patterns are frequently flagged in reviews.
+
+**Error Handling:** Ensure robust error handling throughout the codebase. Use RocksDB's `Status` type consistently, propagate errors appropriately, and avoid silently ignoring failures. Reviewers pay close attention to edge cases and failure modes.
+
+### Testing Philosophy
+
+**Comprehensive Coverage:** Every change should include appropriate test coverage. This includes unit tests for isolated functionality, integration tests for component interactions, and stress tests for concurrency and performance validation. Reviewers will ask for additional tests if coverage is insufficient.
+
+**Edge Cases and Failure Modes:** Tests should explicitly cover edge cases, boundary conditions, and potential failure scenarios. This is especially important for changes affecting core database operations, compaction, or recovery logic.
+
+**Platform-Specific Testing:** RocksDB supports multiple platforms (Linux, Windows, macOS) and compilers (GCC, Clang, MSVC). Changes should be tested across relevant platforms, particularly when touching platform-specific code or using compiler-specific features.
+
+### Performance Considerations
+
+**⚠️ PERFORMANCE IS CRITICAL:** RocksDB is a high-performance storage engine where every CPU cycle and memory access matters. When writing code, always evaluate from a performance perspective. This is not optional—performance-aware coding is a fundamental requirement for all contributions.
+
+**Benchmarking and Profiling:** Performance claims should be backed by empirical evidence. Use RocksDB's benchmarking tools (e.g., `db_bench`) to validate improvements. Reviewers will request benchmark results for changes that could impact performance.
+
+**Memory Allocation:** Minimize dynamic memory allocations, especially in hot paths. Prefer stack allocation over heap allocation. Reuse buffers when possible. Consider using arena allocators or memory pools for frequent small allocations. Every `new`, `malloc`, or container resize has a cost.
+
+**Memory Copy:** Avoid unnecessary memory copies. Use move semantics, `std::string_view`, `Slice`, and pass-by-reference where appropriate. Be aware of implicit copies in STL containers and function returns. Prefer in-place operations over copy-and-modify patterns.
+
+**CPU Cache Efficiency:** Design data structures and access patterns to be cache-friendly. Keep frequently accessed data together (data locality). Prefer sequential memory access over random access. Be mindful of cache line sizes (typically 64 bytes) and avoid false sharing in concurrent code. Consider struct packing and field ordering to improve cache utilization.
+
+**Loop Optimization:** Look for opportunities to collapse nested loops, reduce loop overhead, and minimize branch mispredictions. Hoist invariant computations out of loops. Consider loop unrolling for tight inner loops. Batch operations when possible to amortize per-operation overhead.
+
+**SIMD and Vectorization:** Leverage SIMD instructions (SSE, AVX) for data-parallel operations when appropriate. Structure data to enable auto-vectorization by the compiler. Consider explicit SIMD intrinsics for critical hot paths like checksum computation, encoding/decoding, and bulk data processing.
+
+**Branch Prediction:** Minimize unpredictable branches in hot paths. Use `LIKELY`/`UNLIKELY` macros to hint branch prediction. Consider branchless alternatives for simple conditionals. Order switch cases and if-else chains by frequency.
+
+**Memory and Resource Management:** Be mindful of memory allocations, especially in hot paths. Use RAII patterns, smart pointers, and RocksDB's memory management utilities appropriately.
+
+**Hot Path Analysis:** When deciding how aggressively to optimize code, consider whether it's on a hot path:
+- **Hot path** (executed thousands+ times, e.g., data access, iteration, compaction loops): Performance is paramount. Apply all optimization techniques—loop collapsing, SIMD, cache optimization, pre-allocation, etc. The cost of each operation is multiplied by execution frequency.
+- **Cold path** (executed rarely, e.g., DB open, configuration parsing, error handling): Maintainability and clarity are more important. Prefer readable code over micro-optimizations. Complex optimizations here add maintenance burden with negligible performance benefit.
+- **Warm path** (moderate frequency): Balance both concerns. Use profiling data to guide optimization decisions.
+
+**Avoid Premature Optimization:** While performance is critical, focus on correctness first, then optimize based on profiling data. However, be performance-aware from the start—choosing the right algorithm and data structure upfront is not premature optimization. Use the hot path analysis above to decide how much optimization effort is warranted.
+
+### API Design and Compatibility
+
+**Backwards Compatibility:** RocksDB maintains strong backwards compatibility guarantees. Breaking changes are rare and require extensive justification. When deprecating features, follow the project's deprecation policy (typically spanning multiple releases).
+
+**API Consistency:** New APIs should be consistent with existing patterns. Use similar naming conventions, parameter ordering, and return types. Reviewers will suggest changes to improve consistency with the broader codebase.
+
+**Documentation:** Public APIs must be thoroughly documented. Include usage examples, parameter descriptions, and notes on thread safety, performance characteristics, and compatibility considerations.
+
+---
+
+## Component-Specific Guidance
+
+### Database Core (`db`)
+
+The database core handles write-ahead logging (WAL), memtables, compaction, and recovery. This component receives the most scrutiny in code reviews.
+
+**Concurrency and Thread Safety:** Database operations are highly concurrent. Reviewers carefully examine locking strategies, atomic operations, and memory ordering. Document synchronization assumptions clearly. Use appropriate memory ordering semantics (`acquire`/`release` vs. `seq_cst`).
+
+**Compaction Logic:** Changes to compaction are complex and high-risk. Ensure that compaction logic respects configured parameters, handles edge cases (empty databases, single-file compactions), and maintains correctness under concurrent operations.
+
+**Error Propagation:** Database operations can fail in many ways (I/O errors, corruption, resource exhaustion). Ensure that errors are properly propagated, logged, and handled. Avoid assertions in production code paths.
+
+**Testing:** Database core changes require extensive testing, including unit tests, integration tests, and stress tests. Test with various configurations, compaction styles, and concurrent workloads.
+
+### Public Headers (`include`)
+
+Public headers define RocksDB's API surface. Changes here have the highest compatibility impact.
+
+**API Design:** New APIs should be intuitive, consistent with existing patterns, and well-documented. Consider how the API will be used in practice and avoid adding unnecessary complexity.
+
+**Backwards Compatibility:** Breaking changes to public APIs require extensive justification and a deprecation plan. Maintain ABI compatibility for bug fixes and patch releases.
+
+**Documentation:** Every public API must be thoroughly documented with usage examples, parameter descriptions, and notes on thread safety and performance characteristics.
+
+**Deprecation:** When deprecating APIs, follow the project's policy. Mark deprecated APIs clearly, provide migration guidance, and maintain support for at least one major release.
+
+### Internal Utilities (`util`)
+
+Internal utilities provide common functionality used throughout the codebase.
+
+**Code Reuse:** Utilities should be general-purpose and reusable. Avoid duplicating functionality that already exists elsewhere in the codebase.
+
+**Error Handling:** Utility functions should handle errors robustly and propagate them appropriately. Consider edge cases like overflow, underflow, and invalid inputs.
+
+**Testing:** Utility functions should have comprehensive test coverage, including edge cases and failure modes. Consider adding death tests for assertions.
+
+**Performance:** Utilities are often used in hot paths. Ensure that implementations are efficient and avoid unnecessary allocations or copies.
+
+### Table Management (`table`)
+
+Table management handles SST file format, block-based tables, and table readers/writers.
+
+**Block Format and Checksums:** Changes to block format require extreme care. Ensure that checksums are computed and verified correctly. Test with various compression algorithms and block sizes.
+
+**Iterator Correctness:** Table iterators are used throughout the codebase. Ensure that iterator semantics (Seek, Next, Prev) are correct, especially at boundaries and with deletions.
+
+**Caching and Prefetching:** Table readers interact with the block cache and prefetching logic. Ensure that cache keys are unique and that prefetching respects configured limits.
+
+**Performance:** Table operations are performance-critical. Benchmark changes that could impact read or write performance.
+
+### Utilities (`utilities`)
+
+Utilities include optional features like transactions, backup engine, and checkpoint.
+
+**Feature Isolation:** Utilities should be self-contained and not introduce unnecessary dependencies on core database internals.
+
+**Deprecation and Cleanup:** Legacy features are being phased out. When removing deprecated code, ensure that migration paths are documented and that users have sufficient warning.
+
+**Cross-Platform Compatibility:** Utilities often interact with OS-specific APIs. Ensure that code works on all supported platforms.
+
+### Options and Configuration (`options`)
+
+Options define RocksDB's configuration system.
+
+**Type Safety:** Use appropriate types for options (e.g., `uint32_t` for flags, scoped enums for enumerated values).
+
+**Deprecation Policy:** When deprecating options, follow the project's policy. Document the deprecation, provide migration guidance, and maintain support for at least one major release.
+
+**Dynamic Configuration:** Some options can be changed dynamically. Ensure that dynamic changes are thread-safe and take effect correctly.
+
+**Validation:** Validate option values and provide clear error messages for invalid configurations.
+
+### Cache (`cache`)
+
+Cache management is critical for RocksDB's performance.
+
+**Concurrency:** Cache operations are highly concurrent. Ensure that implementations are thread-safe and use appropriate synchronization primitives.
+
+**Performance:** Cache operations are in the hot path. Optimize for low latency and high throughput. Benchmark changes carefully.
+
+**Memory Management:** Cache implementations must manage memory carefully to avoid leaks and excessive allocations.
+
+**Eviction Policies:** Changes to eviction policies should be well-tested and benchmarked to ensure they improve overall performance.
+
+---
+
+## Code Review Checklist
+
+When reviewing RocksDB code (or preparing code for review), use this checklist:
+
+### Correctness
+- [ ] Does the change preserve database semantics (e.g., snapshot isolation, key ordering)?
+- [ ] Are all error cases handled appropriately?
+- [ ] Is the change thread-safe? Are synchronization primitives used correctly?
+- [ ] Are there any potential data races or deadlocks?
+
+### Testing
+- [ ] Does the change include appropriate test coverage?
+- [ ] Are edge cases and failure modes tested?
+- [ ] Have the tests been run on all supported platforms?
+- [ ] Are stress tests passing?
+
+### Performance
+- [ ] Are there benchmark results for performance-sensitive changes?
+- [ ] Does the change avoid unnecessary allocations or copies?
+- [ ] Are hot paths optimized appropriately?
+
+### API and Compatibility
+- [ ] Is the change backwards compatible?
+- [ ] Are new APIs consistent with existing patterns?
+- [ ] Is the public API documented?
+- [ ] Are deprecated features handled according to policy?
+
+### Code Quality
+- [ ] Does the code follow RocksDB's style conventions?
+- [ ] Is the code clear and maintainable?
+- [ ] Are comments and documentation sufficient?
+- [ ] Are there any code smells or anti-patterns?
+
+---
+
+## Common Review Feedback Patterns
+
+The following patterns emerged as frequent sources of review feedback:
+
+1. **Test Coverage:** Reviewers frequently request additional tests for edge cases, platform-specific behavior, and failure modes. Complex changes require comprehensive test coverage including unit tests, integration tests, and stress tests.
+
+2. **Error Handling:** Ensure proper error propagation using RocksDB's `Status` type. Avoid silent failures and provide clear error messages that include context about what failed and why.
+
+3. **API Design:** New APIs should be consistent with existing patterns. Use descriptive names that follow established conventions. Avoid breaking changes without strong justification and a clear deprecation plan.
+
+4. **Documentation:** Public APIs must be documented with usage examples and notes on thread safety, performance characteristics, and compatibility considerations. Complex internal logic should also be well-commented.
+
+5. **Performance:** Performance-sensitive changes require benchmark results to validate improvements. Use `db_bench` and other profiling tools to measure impact. Avoid premature optimization that adds complexity without measurable benefit.
+
+6. **Concurrency:** Thread safety is critical in RocksDB. Document synchronization assumptions clearly. Use appropriate memory ordering semantics. Consider potential race conditions and deadlocks.
+
+7. **Code Style:** Follow existing conventions for naming, formatting, and structure. Use `.clang-format` for consistent formatting. Prefer scoped enums (`enum class`) over unscoped enums.
+
+8. **Backwards Compatibility:** RocksDB maintains strong compatibility guarantees. Breaking changes require extensive justification. When deprecating features, provide migration guidance and maintain support across multiple releases.
+
+9. **Refactoring:** Reviewers appreciate refactoring that improves code readability and maintainability. Look for opportunities to deduplicate code and simplify complex logic.
+
+10. **Platform Compatibility:** Ensure changes work correctly on all supported platforms (Linux, Windows, macOS) and with all supported compilers (GCC, Clang, MSVC).
+
+---
+
+## Important tips
+
+### Build system
+* There are 3 build system. Make, CMake, BUCK(meta internal).
+* When a new .cc file is added, update Makefile, CMakeLists.txt, src.mk, BUCK.
+* Don't manually edit BUCK file, after updating src.mk, run
+    /usr/local/bin/python3 buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py to update it
+* Use make to build and run the test. CMake and BUCK are not used locally.
+* Use `make dbg` command to build all of the unit test in debug mode.
+* For -j in make command, use the number of CPU cores to decide it.
+
+### Unit Test
+* After all of the unit tests are added, review them and try to extract common
+    reusable utility functions to reduce code duplication due to copy past between
+    unit tests. This should be done every time unit test is updated.
+* Don't use sleep to wait for certain events to happen. This will cause test to
+    be flaky. Instead, use sync point to synchronize thread progress.
+* Cap unit test execution with 60 seconds timeout.
+* When there are multiple unit tests need to be executed, try to use
+    gtest_parallel.py if available. E.g.
+    python3 ${GTEST_PARALLEL}/gtest_parallel.py ./table_test
+* After writing a test, stress-test for flakiness:
+    ```bash
+    COERCE_CONTEXT_SWITCH=1 make {test_binary}
+    ./{test_binary} --gtest_filter="*YourTestName*" --gtest_repeat=5
+    ```
+
+### Unit test dedup guidelines
+* Extract helper functions for repeated patterns such as object
+    construction, round-trip (encode → decode → verify), and common
+    assertion sequences.
+* Use table-driven tests (struct array + loop) when multiple test cases
+    share the same logic but differ only in input/expected data.
+* Prefer randomized tests over exhaustive parameter permutations. Use
+    `Random` from `util/random.h` (not `std::mt19937`). Use a time-based
+    seed with `SCOPED_TRACE("seed=" + std::to_string(seed))` so failures
+    are reproducible.
+* Keep deterministic edge-case tests separate from randomized tests
+    (error paths, boundary conditions, format verification).
+* Methods only used in tests should be private with `friend class` +
+    `TEST_F` fixture wrappers. In wrappers, always fully qualify the
+    target method to avoid infinite recursion.
+
+### Adding new public API
+    Refer to claude_md/add_public_api.md
+
+### Adding new option
+    Refer to claude_md/add_option.md
+
+### Removing deprecated option
+    Refer to claude_md/remove_option.md
+
+### Metrics
+* When adding a new feature, evaluate whether there is opportunity to add
+    metrics. Try to avoid causing performance regression on hot path when adding
+    metrics.
+
+### Stress test
+* When adding a new feature, make sure stress test covers the new option.
+
+### Component docs
+* For component-level design notes and implementation walkthroughs, start with
+    `docs/components/index.md`.
+* Documentation under `docs/components/` is organized by subsystem in
+    `docs/components/<area>/`.
+* Each subsystem directory should have an `index.md` entry point plus focused
+    chapter files for deeper topics.
+
+### DB bench update
+* When adding a performance related feature, support it in db_bench
+
+### Adding release note
+* Release note should be kept short at high level for external user consumption.
+
+### Blog posts (docs/_posts)
+* Blog post authors must be defined in `docs/_data/authors.yml` to be displayed
+
+### Final verification of the change
+* Execute make clean to clean all of the changes.
+* Execute make check to build all of the changes and execute all of the tests.
+    Note that executing all of the tests could take multiple minutes.
+* Run `ASSERT_STATUS_CHECKED=1 make check` to verify all Status objects are
+    properly checked. This catches missing error handling that can lead to
+    silent data corruption.
+
+### Monitoring make check progress
+* Use `make check-progress` to get machine-parseable JSON progress while
+    `make check` is running. This is useful for Claude Code to monitor long
+    builds without timeout issues.
+* Run `make check` in background, then poll progress:
+    ```bash
+    make check &
+    # Poll periodically:
+    make check-progress
+    ```
+* The output shows current phase and progress:
+    ```json
+    {"status":"running","phase":"compiling","completed":300,"total":919,...}
+    {"status":"running","phase":"testing","completed":1500,"total":29962,"failed":0,"percent":5,...}
+    {"status":"completed","phase":"testing","completed":29962,"total":29962,"failed":0,"percent":100,...}
+    ```
+* Phases: `compiling` -> `linking` -> `generating` -> `testing` -> `completed`
+* Key fields: `status`, `phase`, `completed`, `total`, `failed`, `percent`
+* When tests fail, `failed_tests` array shows details (up to 10 failures):
+    ```json
+    {"status":"running",...,"failed":3,"failed_tests":[
+      {"test":"cache_test-CacheTest.Usage","exit_code":1,"signal":0,"output":"...test log..."},
+      {"test":"env_test-EnvTest.Open","exit_code":0,"signal":11,"output":"...Segmentation fault..."}
+    ]}
+    ```
+* `exit_code`: non-zero means test assertion failed
+* `signal`: non-zero means test was killed (e.g., 9=SIGKILL, 6=SIGABRT, 11=SIGSEGV)
+* `output`: last 50 lines of test log including error messages and stack traces
+
+### Executing benchmark using db_bench
+* Since the goal is to measure performance, we need to build a release binary
+    using `make clean && DEBUG_LEVEL=0 make db_bench`. If there is an engine
+    crash due to bug, we need to switch back to debug build. Make sure to run
+    `make clean` before running `make dbg`.
+
+### Formatting code
+* After making change, use `make format-auto` to auto-apply formatting without
+    interactive prompts (Claude Code friendly).

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@
 #
 # Linux:
 #
-# 1. Install a recent toolchain if you're on a older distro. C++17 required (GCC >= 7, Clang >= 5)
+# 1. Install a recent toolchain if you're on a older distro. C++20 required (GCC >= 11, Clang >= 10)
 # 2. mkdir build; cd build
 # 3. cmake ..
 # 4. make -j
 
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)
 
 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cmake/modules/")
 include(ReadVersion)
@@ -44,6 +44,29 @@ project(rocksdb
   HOMEPAGE_URL https://rocksdb.org/
   LANGUAGES CXX C ASM)
 
+if(APPLE)
+  # On macOS Cmake, when cross-compiling, sometimes CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR wrongfully stays
+  # the same as CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR regardless the target CPU.
+  # The manual call to  set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR) has to be set after the project() call.
+  # because project() might reset CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR back to the value of CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR.
+  # Check if CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR is not equal to CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES
+  if(NOT CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES STREQUAL "")
+    if(NOT CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR STREQUAL CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES)
+      # Split CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES into a list
+      string(REPLACE ";" " " ARCH_LIST ${CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES})
+      separate_arguments(ARCH_LIST UNIX_COMMAND ${ARCH_LIST})
+      # Count the number of architectures
+      list(LENGTH ARCH_LIST ARCH_COUNT)
+      # Ensure that exactly one architecture is specified
+      if(NOT ARCH_COUNT EQUAL 1)
+          message(FATAL_ERROR "CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES must have exactly one value. Current value: ${CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES}")
+      endif()
+      set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR ${CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES})
+      message(STATUS "CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR is manually set to ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}")
+    endif()
+  endif()
+endif()
+
 if(POLICY CMP0042)
   cmake_policy(SET CMP0042 NEW)
 endif()
@@ -57,11 +80,17 @@ if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
   set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "${default_build_type}" CACHE STRING
     "Default BUILD_TYPE is ${default_build_type}" FORCE)
 endif()
+message(STATUS "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is set to ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
 
+# Use ccache for compilation if available. Use CMAKE_C/CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER
+# instead of RULE_LAUNCH_COMPILE to avoid double-wrapping when ccache is also
+# injected via PATH (e.g., /usr/lib/ccache or brew --prefix ccache/libexec).
+# Note: we intentionally do NOT set RULE_LAUNCH_LINK because ccache cannot
+# cache link operations -- it only adds overhead.
 find_program(CCACHE_FOUND ccache)
 if(CCACHE_FOUND)
-  set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY RULE_LAUNCH_COMPILE ccache)
-  set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY RULE_LAUNCH_LINK ccache)
+  set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER ccache)
+  set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER ccache)
 endif(CCACHE_FOUND)
 
 option(WITH_JEMALLOC "build with JeMalloc" OFF)
@@ -76,13 +105,8 @@ if (WITH_WINDOWS_UTF8_FILENAMES)
 endif()
 option(ROCKSDB_BUILD_SHARED "Build shared versions of the RocksDB libraries" ON)
 
-if ($ENV{CIRCLECI})
-  message(STATUS "Build for CircieCI env, a few tests may be disabled")
-  add_definitions(-DCIRCLECI)
-endif()
-
 if( NOT DEFINED CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD )
-  set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+  set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
 endif()
 
 include(CMakeDependentOption)
@@ -114,7 +138,9 @@ else()
     option(WITH_GFLAGS "build with GFlags" ON)
   endif()
   set(GFLAGS_LIB)
-  if(WITH_GFLAGS)
+  # Skip all gflags detection and setup when USE_FOLLY or USE_COROUTINES is enabled
+  # since Folly provides its own gflags (USE_COROUTINES automatically sets USE_FOLLY)
+  if(WITH_GFLAGS AND NOT USE_FOLLY AND NOT USE_COROUTINES)
     # Config with namespace available since gflags 2.2.2
     option(GFLAGS_USE_TARGET_NAMESPACE "Use gflags import target with namespace." ON)
     find_package(gflags CONFIG)
@@ -133,6 +159,9 @@ else()
     include_directories(${GFLAGS_INCLUDE_DIR})
     list(APPEND THIRDPARTY_LIBS ${GFLAGS_LIB})
     add_definitions(-DGFLAGS=1)
+  elseif(WITH_GFLAGS AND (USE_FOLLY OR USE_COROUTINES))
+    # Still set the DGFLAGS=1 define when using Folly since Folly provides gflags
+    add_definitions(-DGFLAGS=1)
   endif()
 
   if(WITH_SNAPPY)
@@ -171,7 +200,7 @@ else()
   if(WITH_ZSTD)
     find_package(zstd REQUIRED)
     add_definitions(-DZSTD)
-    include_directories(${ZSTD_INCLUDE_DIR})
+    include_directories(${ZSTD_INCLUDE_DIRS})
     list(APPEND THIRDPARTY_LIBS zstd::zstd)
   endif()
 endif()
@@ -185,9 +214,20 @@ if(WIN32 AND MSVC)
   endif()
 endif()
 
+option(WIN_CI "Accelerate build speed and reduce build artifect size for github CI with MSVC" OFF)
+
 if(MSVC)
-  set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /Zi /nologo /EHsc /GS /Gd /GR /GF /fp:precise /Zc:wchar_t /Zc:forScope /errorReport:queue")
-  set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /FC /d2Zi+ /W4 /wd4127 /wd4800 /wd4996 /wd4351 /wd4100 /wd4204 /wd4324")
+  if(WIN_CI)
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /MP /nologo /EHsc /Gd /GR /GF /fp:precise /Zc:wchar_t /Zc:forScope /errorReport:queue")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /FC /W4 /wd4127 /wd4996 /wd4100 /wd4324 /wd4702")
+  else()
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /Zi /nologo /EHsc /GS /Gd /GR /GF /fp:precise /Zc:wchar_t /Zc:forScope /errorReport:queue")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /FC /d2Zi+ /W4 /wd4127 /wd4996 /wd4100 /wd4324")
+  endif()
+  if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /DNDEBUG")
+    message(STATUS "Setting /DNDEBUG as CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is set to ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
+  endif()
 else()
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -W -Wextra -Wall -pthread")
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wsign-compare -Wshadow -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-variable -Woverloaded-virtual -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-strict-aliasing -Wno-invalid-offsetof")
@@ -196,6 +236,7 @@ else()
   endif()
   if(MINGW)
     set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-format")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wa,-mbig-obj")
     add_definitions(-D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=1)
   endif()
   if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
@@ -248,8 +289,8 @@ endif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "s390x")
 if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "loongarch64")
   CHECK_C_COMPILER_FLAG("-march=loongarch64" HAS_LOONGARCH64)
   if(HAS_LOONGARCH64)
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -mcpu=loongarch64 -mtune=loongarch64")
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -mcpu=loongarch64 -mtune=loongarch64")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -march=loongarch64 -mtune=loongarch64")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -march=loongarch64 -mtune=loongarch64")
   endif(HAS_LOONGARCH64)
 endif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "loongarch64")
 
@@ -294,8 +335,7 @@ if(NOT MSVC)
 endif()
 
 # Check if -latomic is required or not
-if (NOT MSVC)
-  set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS "--std=c++17")
+if (NOT MSVC AND NOT APPLE)
   CHECK_CXX_SOURCE_COMPILES("
 #include <atomic>
 std::atomic<uint64_t> x(0);
@@ -376,7 +416,7 @@ option(WITH_NUMA "build with NUMA policy support" OFF)
 if(WITH_NUMA)
   find_package(NUMA REQUIRED)
   add_definitions(-DNUMA)
-  include_directories(${NUMA_INCLUDE_DIR})
+  include_directories(${NUMA_INCLUDE_DIRS})
   list(APPEND THIRDPARTY_LIBS NUMA::NUMA)
 endif()
 
@@ -432,24 +472,33 @@ else()
   endif()
 endif()
 
-# Used to run CI build and tests so we can run faster
+# Used to run optimized debug build and tests so we can run faster
 option(OPTDBG "Build optimized debug build with MSVC" OFF)
 option(WITH_RUNTIME_DEBUG "build with debug version of runtime library" ON)
 if(MSVC)
-  if(OPTDBG)
+  if (WIN_CI)
     message(STATUS "Debug optimization is enabled")
     set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "/Oxt")
+    set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} /DEBUG:FASTLINK")
+    set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} /DEBUG:FASTLINK")
   else()
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /Od /RTC1")
-
-    # Minimal Build is deprecated after MSVC 2015
-    if( MSVC_VERSION GREATER 1900 )
-      set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /Gm-")
+    if(OPTDBG)
+      message(STATUS "Debug optimization is enabled")
+      set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "/Oxt")
     else()
-      set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /Gm")
-    endif()
+      set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /Od /RTC1")
 
+      # Minimal Build is deprecated after MSVC 2015
+      if( MSVC_VERSION GREATER 1900 )
+        set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /Gm-")
+      else()
+        set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /Gm")
+      endif()
+    endif()
+    set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} /DEBUG")
+    set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} /DEBUG")
   endif()
+
   if(WITH_RUNTIME_DEBUG)
     set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} /${RUNTIME_LIBRARY}d")
   else()
@@ -457,8 +506,6 @@ if(MSVC)
   endif()
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE} /Oxt /Zp8 /Gm- /Gy /${RUNTIME_LIBRARY}")
 
-  set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} /DEBUG")
-  set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} /DEBUG")
 endif()
 
 if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
@@ -469,8 +516,19 @@ if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Cygwin")
   add_definitions(-fno-builtin-memcmp -DCYGWIN)
 elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Darwin")
   add_definitions(-DOS_MACOSX)
+elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "iOS")
+  add_definitions(-DOS_MACOSX -DIOS_CROSS_COMPILE)
 elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Linux")
   add_definitions(-DOS_LINUX)
+  # Use lld linker if available for faster linking (12x faster than ld.bfd)
+  if(NOT ROCKSDB_NO_FAST_LINKER)
+    execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -fuse-ld=lld -Wl,--version
+      OUTPUT_VARIABLE LLD_VERSION_OUTPUT ERROR_QUIET RESULT_VARIABLE LLD_RESULT)
+    if(LLD_RESULT EQUAL 0 AND LLD_VERSION_OUTPUT MATCHES "LLD")
+      set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -fuse-ld=lld")
+      set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} -fuse-ld=lld")
+    endif()
+  endif()
 elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "SunOS")
   add_definitions(-DOS_SOLARIS)
 elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "kFreeBSD")
@@ -596,7 +654,7 @@ if(USE_FOLLY)
     FMT_INST_PATH)
     exec_program(ls ARGS -d ${FOLLY_INST_PATH}/../gflags* OUTPUT_VARIABLE
     GFLAGS_INST_PATH)
-    set(Boost_DIR ${BOOST_INST_PATH}/lib/cmake/Boost-1.78.0)
+    set(Boost_DIR ${BOOST_INST_PATH}/lib/cmake/Boost-1.83.0)
     if(EXISTS ${FMT_INST_PATH}/lib64)
       set(fmt_DIR ${FMT_INST_PATH}/lib64/cmake/fmt)
     else()
@@ -608,12 +666,46 @@ if(USE_FOLLY)
     ${FOLLY_INST_PATH}/lib/cmake/folly/folly-targets.cmake)
 
     include(${FOLLY_INST_PATH}/lib/cmake/folly/folly-config.cmake)
+
+    # Fix gflags library name for debug builds
+    if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+      set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,-rpath=${GFLAGS_INST_PATH}/lib")
+      set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${GFLAGS_INST_PATH}/lib/libgflags_debug.so.2.2")
+    endif()
+  endif()
+
+  # Folly itself uses gflags transitively, but RocksDB tools and benchmarks
+  # also call gflags APIs directly, so they need an explicit link dependency.
+  if(WITH_GFLAGS)
+    if(NOT TARGET gflags::gflags AND NOT TARGET gflags_shared AND
+       NOT gflags_LIBRARIES)
+      find_package(gflags CONFIG QUIET)
+      if(NOT gflags_FOUND)
+        find_package(gflags REQUIRED)
+      endif()
+    endif()
+    if(TARGET gflags::gflags)
+      set(GFLAGS_LIB gflags::gflags)
+    elseif(TARGET gflags_shared)
+      set(GFLAGS_LIB gflags_shared)
+    elseif(DEFINED GFLAGS_TARGET AND TARGET ${GFLAGS_TARGET})
+      set(GFLAGS_LIB ${GFLAGS_TARGET})
+    elseif(gflags_LIBRARIES)
+      set(GFLAGS_LIB ${gflags_LIBRARIES})
+    else()
+      message(FATAL_ERROR
+        "WITH_GFLAGS is enabled, but no gflags library could be resolved")
+    endif()
+    list(APPEND THIRDPARTY_LIBS ${GFLAGS_LIB})
   endif()
 
   add_compile_definitions(USE_FOLLY FOLLY_NO_CONFIG HAVE_CXX11_ATOMIC)
   list(APPEND THIRDPARTY_LIBS Folly::folly)
   set(FOLLY_LIBS Folly::folly)
-  set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,--copy-dt-needed-entries")
+  # --copy-dt-needed-entries is ld.bfd-specific; lld handles DT_NEEDED transitively
+  if(NOT CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS MATCHES "fuse-ld=lld")
+    set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,--copy-dt-needed-entries")
+  endif()
 endif()
 find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
 
@@ -634,11 +726,13 @@ set(SOURCES
         cache/sharded_cache.cc
         cache/tiered_secondary_cache.cc
         db/arena_wrapped_db_iter.cc
+        db/attribute_group_iterator_impl.cc
         db/blob/blob_contents.cc
         db/blob/blob_fetcher.cc
         db/blob/blob_file_addition.cc
         db/blob/blob_file_builder.cc
         db/blob/blob_file_cache.cc
+        db/blob/blob_file_partition_manager.cc
         db/blob/blob_file_garbage.cc
         db/blob/blob_file_meta.cc
         db/blob/blob_file_reader.cc
@@ -647,9 +741,11 @@ set(SOURCES
         db/blob/blob_log_sequential_reader.cc
         db/blob/blob_log_writer.cc
         db/blob/blob_source.cc
+        db/blob/blob_write_batch_transformer.cc
         db/blob/prefetch_buffer_collection.cc
         db/builder.cc
         db/c.cc
+        db/coalescing_iterator.cc
         db/column_family.cc
         db/compaction/compaction.cc
         db/compaction/compaction_iterator.cc
@@ -670,6 +766,7 @@ set(SOURCES
         db/db_impl/db_impl_write.cc
         db/db_impl/db_impl_compaction_flush.cc
         db/db_impl/db_impl_files.cc
+        db/db_impl/db_impl_follower.cc
         db/db_impl/db_impl_open.cc
         db/db_impl/db_impl_debug.cc
         db/db_impl/db_impl_experimental.cc
@@ -692,10 +789,12 @@ set(SOURCES
         db/log_reader.cc
         db/log_writer.cc
         db/malloc_stats.cc
+        db/manifest_ops.cc
         db/memtable.cc
         db/memtable_list.cc
         db/merge_helper.cc
         db/merge_operator.cc
+        db/multi_scan.cc
         db/output_validator.cc
         db/periodic_task_scheduler.cc
         db/range_del_aggregator.cc
@@ -711,8 +810,10 @@ set(SOURCES
         db/version_edit.cc
         db/version_edit_handler.cc
         db/version_set.cc
+        db/version_util.cc
         db/wal_edit.cc
         db/wal_manager.cc
+        db/wide/read_path_blob_resolver.cc
         db/wide/wide_column_serialization.cc
         db/wide/wide_columns.cc
         db/wide/wide_columns_helper.cc
@@ -721,12 +822,14 @@ set(SOURCES
         db/write_controller.cc
         db/write_stall_stats.cc
         db/write_thread.cc
+        db_stress_tool/db_stress_compression_manager.cc
         env/composite_env.cc
         env/env.cc
         env/env_chroot.cc
         env/env_encryption.cc
         env/file_system.cc
         env/file_system_tracer.cc
+        env/fs_on_demand.cc
         env/fs_remap.cc
         env/mock_env.cc
         env/unique_id_gen.cc
@@ -754,6 +857,7 @@ set(SOURCES
         memtable/hash_skiplist_rep.cc
         memtable/skiplistrep.cc
         memtable/vectorrep.cc
+        memtable/wbwi_memtable.cc
         memtable/write_buffer_manager.cc
         monitoring/histogram.cc
         monitoring/histogram_windowing.cc
@@ -772,6 +876,7 @@ set(SOURCES
         options/configurable.cc
         options/customizable.cc
         options/db_options.cc
+        options/offpeak_time_info.cc
         options/options.cc
         options/options_helper.cc
         options/options_parser.cc
@@ -783,6 +888,7 @@ set(SOURCES
         table/block_based/block_based_table_builder.cc
         table/block_based/block_based_table_factory.cc
         table/block_based/block_based_table_iterator.cc
+        table/block_based/multi_scan_index_iterator.cc
         table/block_based/block_based_table_reader.cc
         table/block_based/block_builder.cc
         table/block_based/block_cache.cc
@@ -807,6 +913,7 @@ set(SOURCES
         table/cuckoo/cuckoo_table_builder.cc
         table/cuckoo/cuckoo_table_factory.cc
         table/cuckoo/cuckoo_table_reader.cc
+        table/external_table.cc
         table/format.cc
         table/get_context.cc
         table/iterator.cc
@@ -845,17 +952,20 @@ set(SOURCES
         trace_replay/trace_record.cc
         trace_replay/trace_replay.cc
         util/async_file_reader.cc
+        util/auto_tune_compressor.cc
         util/cleanable.cc
         util/coding.cc
         util/compaction_job_stats_impl.cc
         util/comparator.cc
         util/compression.cc
+        util/simple_mixed_compressor.cc
         util/compression_context_cache.cc
         util/concurrent_task_limiter_impl.cc
         util/crc32c.cc
         util/data_structure.cc
         util/dynamic_bloom.cc
         util/hash.cc
+        util/io_dispatcher_imp.cc
         util/murmurhash.cc
         util/random.cc
         util/rate_limiter.cc
@@ -885,6 +995,7 @@ set(SOURCES
         utilities/cassandra/merge_operator.cc
         utilities/checkpoint/checkpoint_impl.cc
         utilities/compaction_filters.cc
+        utilities/sorted_run_builder/sorted_run_builder.cc
         utilities/compaction_filters/remove_emptyvalue_compactionfilter.cc
         utilities/counted_fs.cc
         utilities/debug.cc
@@ -911,8 +1022,11 @@ set(SOURCES
         utilities/persistent_cache/block_cache_tier_metadata.cc
         utilities/persistent_cache/persistent_cache_tier.cc
         utilities/persistent_cache/volatile_tier_impl.cc
+        utilities/secondary_index/secondary_index_iterator.cc
+        utilities/secondary_index/simple_secondary_index.cc
         utilities/simulator_cache/cache_simulator.cc
         utilities/simulator_cache/sim_cache.cc
+        utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_for_tiering_collector.cc
         utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_on_deletion_collector.cc
         utilities/trace/file_trace_reader_writer.cc
         utilities/trace/replayer_impl.cc
@@ -933,6 +1047,10 @@ set(SOURCES
         utilities/transactions/write_prepared_txn_db.cc
         utilities/transactions/write_unprepared_txn.cc
         utilities/transactions/write_unprepared_txn_db.cc
+        utilities/trie_index/bitvector.cc
+        utilities/trie_index/louds_trie.cc
+        utilities/trie_index/trie_index_factory.cc
+        utilities/types_util.cc
         utilities/ttl/db_ttl_impl.cc
         utilities/wal_filter.cc
         utilities/write_batch_with_index/write_batch_with_index.cc
@@ -1024,6 +1142,7 @@ if(USE_FOLLY_LITE)
   list(APPEND SOURCES
     third-party/folly/folly/container/detail/F14Table.cpp
     third-party/folly/folly/detail/Futex.cpp
+    third-party/folly/folly/lang/Exception.cpp
     third-party/folly/folly/lang/SafeAssert.cpp
     third-party/folly/folly/lang/ToAscii.cpp
     third-party/folly/folly/ScopeGuard.cpp
@@ -1031,8 +1150,38 @@ if(USE_FOLLY_LITE)
     third-party/folly/folly/synchronization/DistributedMutex.cpp
     third-party/folly/folly/synchronization/ParkingLot.cpp)
   include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/third-party/folly)
+  # Add boost to the include path
+  exec_program(python3 ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/third-party/folly ARGS
+  build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-source-dir boost OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+  BOOST_SOURCE_PATH)
+  exec_program(ls ARGS -d ${BOOST_SOURCE_PATH}/boost* OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+  BOOST_INCLUDE_DIR)
+  include_directories(${BOOST_INCLUDE_DIR})
+  # Add fmt to the include path
+  exec_program(python3 ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/third-party/folly ARGS
+  build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-source-dir fmt OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+  FMT_SOURCE_PATH)
+  exec_program(ls ARGS -d ${FMT_SOURCE_PATH}/fmt*/include OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+  FMT_INCLUDE_DIR)
+  include_directories(${FMT_INCLUDE_DIR})
+
+  exec_program(python3 ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/third-party/folly ARGS
+  build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-inst-dir glog OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+  GLOG_INST_PATH)
+  if(EXISTS ${GLOG_INST_PATH}/lib64)
+    set(GLOG_LIB_DIR ${GLOG_INST_PATH}/lib64)
+  else()
+    set(GLOG_LIB_DIR ${GLOG_INST_PATH}/lib)
+  endif()
+
   add_definitions(-DUSE_FOLLY -DFOLLY_NO_CONFIG)
-  list(APPEND THIRDPARTY_LIBS glog)
+  find_library(GLOG_LIBRARY NAMES glog PATHS ${GLOG_LIB_DIR} NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
+  if(NOT GLOG_LIBRARY)
+    find_library(GLOG_LIBRARY NAMES glog)
+  endif()
+  if(GLOG_LIBRARY)
+    list(APPEND THIRDPARTY_LIBS ${GLOG_LIBRARY})
+  endif()
 endif()
 
 set(ROCKSDB_STATIC_LIB rocksdb${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX})
@@ -1105,11 +1254,15 @@ set(BUILD_VERSION_CC ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/build_version.cc)
 configure_file(util/build_version.cc.in ${BUILD_VERSION_CC} @ONLY)
 
 add_library(${ROCKSDB_STATIC_LIB} STATIC ${SOURCES} ${BUILD_VERSION_CC})
+target_include_directories(${ROCKSDB_STATIC_LIB} PUBLIC
+  $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>)
 target_link_libraries(${ROCKSDB_STATIC_LIB} PRIVATE
   ${THIRDPARTY_LIBS} ${SYSTEM_LIBS})
 
 if(ROCKSDB_BUILD_SHARED)
   add_library(${ROCKSDB_SHARED_LIB} SHARED ${SOURCES} ${BUILD_VERSION_CC})
+  target_include_directories(${ROCKSDB_SHARED_LIB} PUBLIC
+    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>)
   target_link_libraries(${ROCKSDB_SHARED_LIB} PRIVATE
     ${THIRDPARTY_LIBS} ${SYSTEM_LIBS})
 
@@ -1274,6 +1427,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         db/blob/blob_garbage_meter_test.cc
         db/blob/blob_source_test.cc
         db/blob/db_blob_basic_test.cc
+        db/blob/db_blob_direct_write_test.cc
         db/blob/db_blob_compaction_test.cc
         db/blob/db_blob_corruption_test.cc
         db/blob/db_blob_index_test.cc
@@ -1295,9 +1449,11 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         db/db_bloom_filter_test.cc
         db/db_compaction_filter_test.cc
         db/db_compaction_test.cc
+        db/db_compaction_abort_test.cc
         db/db_clip_test.cc
         db/db_dynamic_level_test.cc
         db/db_encryption_test.cc
+        db/db_etc3_test.cc
         db/db_flush_test.cc
         db/db_inplace_update_test.cc
         db/db_io_failure_test.cc
@@ -1309,6 +1465,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         db/db_memtable_test.cc
         db/db_merge_operator_test.cc
         db/db_merge_operand_test.cc
+        db/db_open_with_config_test.cc
         db/db_options_test.cc
         db/db_properties_test.cc
         db/db_range_del_test.cc
@@ -1336,6 +1493,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         db/file_indexer_test.cc
         db/filename_test.cc
         db/flush_job_test.cc
+        db/db_follower_test.cc
         db/import_column_family_test.cc
         db/listener_test.cc
         db/log_test.cc
@@ -1343,6 +1501,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         db/memtable_list_test.cc
         db/merge_helper_test.cc
         db/merge_test.cc
+        db/multi_cf_iterator_test.cc
         db/options_file_test.cc
         db/perf_context_test.cc
         db/periodic_task_scheduler_test.cc
@@ -1359,6 +1518,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         db/wal_manager_test.cc
         db/wal_edit_test.cc
         db/wide/db_wide_basic_test.cc
+        db/wide/db_wide_blob_direct_write_test.cc
         db/wide/wide_column_serialization_test.cc
         db/wide/wide_columns_helper_test.cc
         db/write_batch_test.cc
@@ -1410,6 +1570,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         util/autovector_test.cc
         util/bloom_test.cc
         util/coding_test.cc
+        util/compression_test.cc
         util/crc32c_test.cc
         util/defer_test.cc
         util/dynamic_bloom_test.cc
@@ -1423,6 +1584,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         util/ribbon_test.cc
         util/slice_test.cc
         util/slice_transform_test.cc
+        util/string_util_test.cc
         util/timer_queue_test.cc
         util/timer_test.cc
         util/thread_list_test.cc
@@ -1437,7 +1599,9 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         utilities/cassandra/cassandra_row_merge_test.cc
         utilities/cassandra/cassandra_serialize_test.cc
         utilities/checkpoint/checkpoint_test.cc
+        utilities/sorted_run_builder/sorted_run_builder_test.cc
         utilities/env_timed_test.cc
+        utilities/fault_injection_fs_test.cc
         utilities/memory/memory_test.cc
         utilities/merge_operators/string_append/stringappend_test.cc
         utilities/object_registry_test.cc
@@ -1447,16 +1611,22 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
         utilities/persistent_cache/persistent_cache_test.cc
         utilities/simulator_cache/cache_simulator_test.cc
         utilities/simulator_cache/sim_cache_test.cc
+        utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_for_tiering_collector_test.cc
         utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_on_deletion_collector_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/optimistic_transaction_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/transaction_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_manager_test.cc
+        utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_manager_stress_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/write_committed_transaction_ts_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/write_prepared_transaction_test.cc
+        utilities/transactions/write_prepared_transaction_seqno_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/write_unprepared_transaction_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/lock/range/range_locking_test.cc
         utilities/transactions/timestamped_snapshot_test.cc
+        utilities/trie_index/trie_index_db_test.cc
+        utilities/trie_index/trie_index_test.cc
         utilities/ttl/ttl_test.cc
+        utilities/types_util_test.cc
         utilities/util_merge_operators_test.cc
         utilities/write_batch_with_index/write_batch_with_index_test.cc
 	${PLUGIN_TESTS}
@@ -1472,7 +1642,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
       utilities/cassandra/test_utils.cc
   )
   enable_testing()
-  add_custom_target(check COMMAND ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND})
+  add_custom_target(rocksdb_check COMMAND ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND})
   set(TESTUTILLIB testutillib${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX})
   add_library(${TESTUTILLIB} STATIC ${TESTUTIL_SOURCE})
   target_link_libraries(${TESTUTILLIB} ${ROCKSDB_LIB} ${FOLLY_LIBS})
@@ -1497,7 +1667,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
       target_link_libraries(${exename}${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX} testutillib${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX} testharness gtest ${THIRDPARTY_LIBS} ${ROCKSDB_LIB})
       if(NOT "${exename}" MATCHES "db_sanity_test")
         gtest_discover_tests(${exename} DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT 120)
-        add_dependencies(check ${exename}${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX})
+        add_dependencies(rocksdb_check ${exename}${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX})
       endif()
   endforeach(sourcefile ${TESTS})
 
@@ -1517,7 +1687,7 @@ if(WITH_TESTS)
     add_executable(c_test db/c_test.c)
     target_link_libraries(c_test ${ROCKSDB_LIB_FOR_C} testharness)
     add_test(NAME c_test COMMAND c_test${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX})
-    add_dependencies(check c_test)
+    add_dependencies(rocksdb_check c_test)
   endif()
 endif()
 
@@ -1525,6 +1695,7 @@ if(WITH_BENCHMARK_TOOLS)
   add_executable(db_bench${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX}
     tools/simulated_hybrid_file_system.cc
     tools/db_bench.cc
+    tools/tool_hooks.cc
     tools/db_bench_tool.cc)
   target_link_libraries(db_bench${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX}
     ${ROCKSDB_LIB} ${THIRDPARTY_LIBS})
@@ -1559,6 +1730,12 @@ if(WITH_BENCHMARK_TOOLS)
     utilities/persistent_cache/hash_table_bench.cc)
   target_link_libraries(hash_table_bench${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX}
     ${ROCKSDB_LIB} ${GFLAGS_LIB} ${FOLLY_LIBS})
+
+  add_executable(point_lock_bench${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX}
+    utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_bench.cc
+    utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_bench_tool.cc)
+  target_link_libraries(point_lock_bench${ARTIFACT_SUFFIX}
+    ${ROCKSDB_LIB} ${GFLAGS_LIB} ${FOLLY_LIBS})
 endif()
 
 option(WITH_TRACE_TOOLS "build with trace tools" ON)
@@ -1596,6 +1773,3 @@ option(WITH_BENCHMARK "build benchmark tests" OFF)
 if(WITH_BENCHMARK)
   add_subdirectory(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/microbench/)
 endif()
-
-target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC
-  $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>)

Directory.Build.props

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project>
+    <PropertyGroup>
+        <CLToolExe>ccache_msvc_compiler.bat</CLToolExe>
+        <CLToolPath>$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)</CLToolPath>
+        <UseMultiToolTask>true</UseMultiToolTask>
+        <EnforceProcessCountAcrossBuilds>true</EnforceProcessCountAcrossBuilds>
+    </PropertyGroup>
+</Project>

HISTORY.md

@@ -1,10 +1,698 @@
 # Rocksdb Change Log
 > NOTE: Entries for next release do not go here. Follow instructions in `unreleased_history/README.txt`
 
-## 8.8.1 (11/17/2023)
-### Bug fixes
-* Make the cache memory reservation accounting in Tiered cache (primary and compressed secondary cache) more accurate to avoid over/under charging the secondary cache.
-* Allow increasing the compressed_secondary_ratio in the Tiered cache after setting it to 0 to disable.
+## 11.2.0 (04/18/2026)
+### New Features
+* Added experimental `DBOptions::fast_sst_open` option. When enabled, RocksDB retrieves opaque file system metadata for SST files after flush, compaction, and external file ingestion, persists it in the MANIFEST, and passes it back to the file system on subsequent file opens to accelerate DB open time.
+* Added new option `min_tombstones_for_range_conversion` in `AdvancedColumnFamilyOptions`. When set to a non-zero value N, forward or reverse iteration will convert N or more contiguous point tombstones into a range tombstone in the mutable memtable. Future read operations will then be able to benefit from range tombstone optimizations. There are some limitations when it comes to table_filters, prefix_filters, and UDTs. See header comments for more details.
+* Added read-triggered compaction: a new column family option `read_triggered_compaction_threshold` (default 0, disabled) that marks SST files for compaction when their read frequency (`num_collapsible_entry_reads_sampled / file_size`) exceeds the threshold. This helps reduce read amplification for frequently-read ("hot") keys. A new DB option `max_compaction_trigger_wakeup_seconds` (default 43200s / 12 hours) controls the maximum interval for periodic compaction score re-evaluation, which is necessary for this feature to work on quiet (no-write) databases.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Added new `WideColumnBlobResolver` interface and `CompactionFilter::FilterV4()` method, including `ResolveColumn()` / `ResolveColumns()` helpers for lazy loading blob column values in wide-column entities during compaction. This allows compaction filters to resolve blob values on-demand, avoiding unnecessary I/O for blob columns they don't need to access.
+* Changed experimental feature `ExternalTableReader::Get` and `ExternalTableReader::MultiGet` to use `PinnableSlice` instead of `std::string` for output values, enabling zero-copy pinning. This will break existing implementations.
+* Added `SstFileReader::Get` and `SstFileReader::MultiGet` overloads that accept `PinnableSlice`/`std::vector<PinnableSlice>*`, enabling zero-copy reads when the underlying `TableReader` supports pinning.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* Prefix filter changes - when seeking to a key that is out of domain, and total_order_seek is false, total_order_seek is treated as if it were true. When prefix_same_as_start = true, now iterating past a key that is out of domain invalidates the iterator. The existing behavior does not check for InDomain in the DBIter, so Transform() can produce undefined behavior (e.g. key of size 3 on FixedPrefixTransform(4)).
+* Wide-column entities with blob-backed columns now use a new V2 on-disk encoding; older RocksDB versions that do not support wide-column blob separation will reject DBs or SSTs containing those entities.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix blob garbage accounting for blob direct-write flushes so flush-time filtering and overwrite elision correctly register obsolete blob bytes in blob metadata.
+* Fix a memory accounting leak in IODispatcher where ReadIndex() moved block values out of ReadSet without releasing the associated prefetch memory, causing subsequent prefetches to be blocked when max_prefetch_memory_bytes was set.
+* Fix MultiScan to fall back to synchronous coalesced reads when async I/O is unsupported at runtime.
+
+
+## 11.1.0 (03/23/2026)
+### New Features
+* Add a new option `open_files_async`. The existing behavior is on DB open, we open all sst files and do basic validations. For very large DBs on remote filesystems with many ssts, this may take very long. This option performs these validations instead in the background. Open errors found by this async background task are surfaced as a new background error kAsyncFileOpen.
+* Added `BlockBasedTableOptions::kAuto` index block search type that automatically selects between binary and interpolation search on a per-index-block basis. During SST construction, each index block's key distribution uniformity is analyzed using the coefficient of variation of key gaps, and index blocks with uniform keys use interpolation search while others fall back to binary search. The uniformity threshold is configurable via `BlockBasedTableOptions::uniform_cv_threshold` (default: 0.2).
+* Introduced enforce_write_buffer_manager_during_recovery option to allow WriteBufferManager to be enforced during WAL recovery. (Default: true)
+* Add `memtable_batch_lookup_optimization` option to use batch lookup optimization for memtable MultiGet. For skip list memtables, after each key lookup, the search path is cached and reused for the next key, reducing per-key cost from O(log N) to O(log d) where d is the distance between consecutive keys. Benchmarks show ~7% improvement in memtable-resident MultiGet throughput.
+* Added `BlockBasedTableOptions::PrepopulateBlockCache::kFlushAndCompaction` to prepopulate the block cache during both flush and compaction. Compaction-warmed blocks are inserted at `BOTTOM` priority (vs `LOW` for flush) so they are evicted first under cache pressure. Recommended only for use cases where most or all of the database is expected to reside in cache (e.g., tiered or remote storage where the working set fits in cache).
+* Added new mutable DB option `verify_manifest_content_on_close` (default: false). When enabled, on DB close the MANIFEST file is read back and all records are validated (CRC checksums and logical content). If corruption is detected, a fresh MANIFEST is written from in-memory state.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* num_reads_sampled now factors in re-seeks and next/prev() on file iterators for files in L1+. next/prev() is discounted by 64x compared to seek due to being a much cheaper call.
+* Remote compaction workers now skip WAL recovery when opening the secondary DB instance, since only the LSM state from MANIFEST is needed for compaction. This reduces I/O and speeds up remote compaction startup.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug in round-robin compaction that missed selecting input files that are needed to guarantee data correctness and cause crashing in debug builds or silent data corruption in release builds for Get().
+
+## 11.0.0 (02/23/2026)
+### New Features
+* Added support for storing wide-column entity column values in blob files. When `min_blob_size` is configured, large column values in wide-column entities will be stored in blob files, reducing SST file size and improving read performance.
+* Added `CompactionOptionsFIFO::max_data_files_size` to support FIFO compaction trimming based on combined SST and blob file sizes. Added `CompactionOptionsFIFO::use_kv_ratio_compaction` to enable a capacity-derived intra-L0 compaction strategy optimized for BlobDB workloads, producing uniform-sized compacted files for predictable FIFO trimming.
+* Include interpolation search as an alternative to binary search, which typically performs better when keys are uniformly distributed. This is exposed as a new table option `index_block_search_type`. The default is `binary_search`.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Added new virtual methods `AbortAllCompactions()` and `ResumeAllCompactions()` to the `DB` class. Added new `Status::SubCode::kCompactionAborted` to indicate a compaction was aborted. Added `Status::IsCompactionAborted()` helper method to check if a status represents an aborted compaction.
+* Drop support for reading (and writing) SST files using `BlockBasedTableOptions.format_version` < 2, which hasn't been the default format for about 10 years. An upgrade path is still possible with full compaction using a RocksDB version >= 4.6.0 and < 11.0.0 and then using the newer version.
+* Remove deprecated raw `DB*` variants of `DB::Open` and related functions. Some other minor public APIs were updated as a result
+* Remove deprecated `DB::MaxMemCompactionLevel()`
+* Remove useless option `CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions::compress_format_version`
+* Remove deprecated DB option `skip_checking_sst_file_sizes_on_db_open`. The option was deprecated in 10.5.0 and has been a no-op since then. File size validation is now always performed in parallel during DB open.
+* Remove deprecated `SliceTransform::InRange()` virtual method and the `in_range` callback parameter from `rocksdb_slicetransform_create()` in the C API. `InRange()` was never called by RocksDB and existed only for backward compatibility.
+* Remove deprecated, unused APIs and options: `ReadOptions::managed` and `ColumnFamilyOptions::snap_refresh_nanos`. Corresponding C and Java APIs are also removed.
+* Remove deprecated `SstFileWriter::Add()` method (use `Put()` instead) and the deprecated `skip_filters` parameter from `SstFileWriter` constructors (use `BlockBasedTableOptions::filter_policy` set to `nullptr` to skip filter generation instead).
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* Change the default value of `CompactionOptionsUniversal::reduce_file_locking` from `false` to `true` to improve write stall and reduce read regression
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix longstanding failures that can arise from reading and/or compacting old DB dirs with range deletions (likely from version < 5.19.0) in many newer versions.
+* Fix a bug where WritePrepared/WriteUnprepared TransactionDB with two_write_queues=true could experience "sequence number going backwards" corruption during recovery from a background error, due to allocated-but-not-published sequence numbers not being synced before creating new WAL files.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Add a new table option `separate_key_value_in_data_block`. When set to true keys and values will be stored separately in the data block, which can result in higher cpu cache hit rate and better compression. Works best with data blocks with sufficient restart intervals and large values. Previous versions of RocksDB will reject files written using this option.
+
+## 10.11.0 (01/23/2026)
+### Public API Changes
+* New SetOptions API that allows setting options for multiple CFs, avoiding the need to reserialize OPTIONS file for each CF
+* Remove remaining pieces of Lua integration
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* The new default for `BlockBasedTableOptions::format_version` is 7, which has been supported since RocksDB 10.4.0 and is required in order to use CompressionManagers supporting custom compression types.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed a small performance bug with `format_version=7` when decompressing formats other than Snappy and ZSTD.
+* Fixed an infinite compaction loop bug with User-Defined Timestamps (UDT) where bottommost files were repeatedly marked for compaction even though their timestamp could not be collapsed.
+* Bugfix for persisted UDT record sequence number zeroing logic.
+
+## 10.10.0 (12/16/2025)
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed a bug in best-efforts recovery that causes use-after-free crashes when accessing SST files that were cached during the recovery.
+* Fix resumable compaction incorrectly allowing resumption from a truncated range deletion that is not well handled currently.
+* Fixed a bug in `PosixRandomFileAccess` IO uring submission queue ownership & management. Fix eliminates the false positive 'Bad cqe data' IO errors in `PosixRandomFileAccess::MultiRead` when interleaved with `PosixRandomFileAccess::ReadAsync` on the same thread.
+
+## 10.9.0 (11/21/2025)
+### New Features
+* Added an auto-tuning feature for DB manifest file size that also (by default) improves the safety of existing configurations in case `max_manifest_file_size` is repeatedly exceeded. The new recommendation is to set `max_manifest_file_size` to something small like 1MB and tune `max_manifest_space_amp_pct` as needed to balance write amp and space amp in the manifest. Refer to comments on those options in `DBOptions` for details. Both options are (now) mutable.
+* Added a new API to support option migration for multiple column families
+* Added new option target_file_size_is_upper_bound  that makes most compaction output SST files come close to the target file size without exceeding it, rather than commonly exceeding it by some fraction (current behavior). For now the new behavior is off by default, but we expect to enable it by default in the future.
+* Add a new option allow_trivial_move in CompactionOptions to allow CompactFiles to perform trivial move if possible. By default the flag of allow_trivial_move is false, so it preserve the original behavior.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* To reduce risk of ODR violations or similar, `ROCKSDB_USING_THREAD_STATUS` has been removed from public headers and replaced with static `const bool ThreadStatus::kEnabled`. Some other uses of conditional compilation have been removed from public API headers to reduce risk of ODR violations or other issues.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* PosixWritableFile now repositions the seek pointer to the new end of file after a call to Truncate.
+* Updated standalone range deletion L0 file compaction behavior to avoid compacting with any newer L0 files (which is expensive and not useful).
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug where compaction with range deletion can persist kTypeMaxValid in MANIFEST as file metadata. kTypeMaxValid is not supposed to be persisted and can change as new value types are introduced. This can cause a forward compatibility issue where older versions of RocksDB don't recognize kTypeMaxValid from newer versions. A new placeholder value type kTypeTruncatedRangeDeletionSentinel is also introduced to replace kTypeMaxValid when reading existing SST files' metadata from MANIFEST. This allows us to strengthen some checks to avoid using kTypeMaxValid in the future.
+* Fixed a bug where `DB::GetSortedWalFiles()` could hang when waiting for a purge operation that found nothing to do (potentially triggered by iterator release, flush, compaction, etc.).
+* Fixed a bug in MultiScan where `max_sequential_skip_in_iterations` could cause the iterator to seek backward to already-unpinned blocks when the same user key spans multiple data blocks, leading to assertion failures or seg fault.
+* Fixed a bug for `WAL_ttl_seconds > 0` use cases where the newest archived WAL files could be incorrectly deleted when the system clock moved backwards.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Added optimization that allowed for the asynchronous prefetching of all data outlined in a multiscan iterator. This optimization was applied to the level iterator, which prefetches all data through each of the block-based iterators.
+
+## 10.8.0 (10/21/2025)
+### New Features
+* Add kFSPrefetch to FSSupportedOps enum to allow file systems to indicate prefetch support capability, avoiding unnecessary prefetch system calls on file systems that don't support them.
+* Added experimental support `OpenAndCompactOptions::allow_resumption` for resumable compaction that persists progress during `OpenAndCompact()`, allowing interrupted compactions to resume from the last progress persitence. The default behavior is to not persist progress.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Allow specifying output temperature in CompactionOptions
+* Added `DB::FlushWAL(const FlushWALOptions&)` as an alternative to `DB::FlushWAL(bool sync)`, where `FlushWALOptions` includes a new `rate_limiter_priority` field (default `Env::IO_TOTAL`) that allows rate limiting and priority passing of manual WAL flush's IO operations.
+* The MultiScan API contract is updated. After a multi scan range got prepared with Prepare API call, the following seeks must seek the start of each prepared scan range in order. In addition, when limit is set, upper bound must be set to the same value of limit before each seek
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* `kChangeTemperature` FIFO compaction will now honor `compaction_target_temp` to all levels regardless of `cf_options::last_level_temperature`
+* Allow UDIs with a non BytewiseComparator
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix incorrect MultiScan seek error status due to bugs in handling range limit falling between adjacent SST files key range.
+* Fix a bug in Page unpinning in MultiScan
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Fixed a performance regression in LZ4 compression that started in version 10.6.0
+
+## 10.7.0 (09/19/2025)
+### New Features
+* Add the fail_if_no_udi_on_open flag in BlockBasedTableOption to control whether a missing user defined index block in a SST is a hard error or not.
+* A new flag memtable_verify_per_key_checksum_on_seek is added to AdvancedColumnFamilyOptions. When it is enabled, it will validate key checksum along the binary search path on skiplist based memtable during seek operation.
+* Introduce option MultiScanArgs::use_async_io to enable asynchronous I/O during MultiScan, instead of waiting for I/O to be done in Prepare().
+* Add new option `MultiScanArgs::max_prefetch_size` that limits the memory usage of per file pinning of prefetched blocks.
+* Improved `sst_dump` by allowing standalone file and directory arguments without `--file=`. Also added new options and better output for `sst_dump --command=recompress`. See `sst_dump --help`
+
+### Public API Changes
+* HyperClockCache with no `estimated_entry_charge` is now production-ready and is the preferred block cache implementation vs. LRUCache. Please consider updating your code to minimize the risk of hitting performance bottlenecks or anomalies from LRUCache. See cache.h for more detail.
+* RocksDB now requires a C++20 compatible compiler (GCC >= 11, Clang >= 10, Visual Studio >= 2019), including for any code using RocksDB headers.
+* MultiScanArgs used to have a default constructor with default parameter of BytewiseComparator. Now it always requires Comparator in its constructor.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* The default provided block cache implementation is now HyperClockCache instead of LRUCache, when `block_cache` is nullptr (default) and `no_block_cache==false` (default). We recommend explicitly creating a HyperClockCache block cache based on memory budget and sharing it across all column families and even DB instances. This change could expose previously hidden memory or resource leaks.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Reported numbers for compaction and flush CPU usage now include time spent by parallel compression worker threads. This now means compaction/flush CPU usage could exceed the wall clock time.
+* Fix a race condition in FIFO size-based compaction where concurrent threads could select the same non-L0 file, causing assertion failures in debug builds or "Cannot delete table file from LSM tree" errors in release builds.
+* Fix a bug in RocksDB MultiScan with UDI when one of the scan ranges is determined to be empty by the UDI, which causes incorrect results.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Add a new table property "rocksdb.key.smallest.seqno" which records the smallest sequence number of all keys in file. It makes ingesting DB generated files faster by
+avoiding scanning the whole file to find the smallest sequence number.
+* Add a new experimental PerKeyPointLockManager to improve efficiency under high lock contention. PointLockManager was not efficient when there is high write contention on same key, as it uses a single conditional variable per lock stripe. PerKeyPointLockManager uses per thread conditional variable supporting fifo order. Although this is an experimental feature. By default, it is disabled. A new boolean flag TransactionDBOptions::use_per_key_point_lock_mgr is added to optionally enable it. Search the flag in code for more info.
+Together, a new configuration TransactionOptions::deadlock_timeout_us is added, which allows the transaction to wait for a short period before perform deadlock detection. When the workload has low lock contention, the deadlock_timeout_us can be configured to be slightly higher than average transaction execution time, so that transaction would likely be able to take the lock before deadlock detection is performed when it is waiting for a lock. This allows transaction to reduce CPU cost on performing deadlock detection, which could be expensive in CPU time. When the workload has high lock contention, the deadlock_timeout_us can be configured to 0, so that transaction would perform deadlock detection immediately. By default the value is 0 to keep the behavior same as before.
+* Majorly improved CPU efficiency and scalability of parallel compression (`CompressionOptions::parallel_threads` > 1), though this efficiency improvement makes parallel compression currently incompatible with UserDefinedIndex and with old setting of `decouple_partitioned_filters=false`. Parallel compression is now considered a production-ready feature. Maximum performance is available with `-DROCKSDB_USE_STD_SEMAPHORES` at compile time, but this is not currently recommended because of reported bugs in implementations of `std::counting_semaphore`/`binary_semaphore`.
+
+## 10.6.0 (08/22/2025)
+### New Features
+* Introduce column family option `cf_allow_ingest_behind`. This option aims to replace `DBOptions::allow_ingest_behind` to enable ingest behind at the per-CF level. `DBOptions::allow_ingest_behind` is deprecated.
+* Introduce `MultiScanArgs::io_coalesce_threshold` to allow a configurable IO coalescing threshold.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* `IngestExternalFileOptions::allow_db_generated_files` now allows files ingestion of any DB generated SST file, instead of only the ones with all keys having sequence number 0.
+* `decouple_partitioned_filters = true` is now the default in BlockBasedTableOptions.
+* GetTtl() API is now available in TTL DB
+* Minimum supported version of LZ4 library is now 1.7.0 (r129 from 2015)
+* Some changes to experimental Compressor and CompressionManager APIs
+* A new Filesystem::SyncFile function is added for syncing a file that was already written, such as on file ingestion. The default implementation matches previous RocksDB behavior: re-open the file for read-write, sync it, and close it. We recommend overriding for FileSystems that do not require syncing for crash recovery or do not handle (well) re-opening for writes.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* When `allow_ingest_behind` is enabled, compaction will no longer drop tombstones based on the absence of underlying data. Tombstones will be preserved to apply to ingested files.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Files in dropped column family won't be returned to the caller upon successful, offline MANIFEST iteration in `GetFileChecksumsFromCurrentManifest`.
+* Fix a bug in MultiScan that causes it to fall back to a normal scan when dictionary compression is enabled.
+* Fix a crash in iterator Prepare() when fill_cache=false
+* Fix a bug in MultiScan where incorrect results can be returned when a Scan's range is across multiple files.
+* Fixed a bug in remote compaction that may mistakenly delete live SST file(s) during the cleanup phase when no keys survive the compaction (all expired)
+* Allow a user defined index to be configured from a string.
+* Make the User Defined Index interface consistently use the user key format, fixing the previous mixed usage of internal and user key.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Small improvement to CPU efficiency of compression using built-in algorithms, and a dramatic efficiency improvement for LZ4HC, based on reusing data structures between invocations.
+
+## 10.5.0 (07/18/2025)
+### Public API Changes
+* DB option skip_checking_sst_file_sizes_on_db_open is deprecated, in favor of validating file size in parallel in a thread pool, when db is opened. When DB is opened, with paranoid check enabled, a file with the wrong size would fail the DB open. With paranoid check disabled, the DB open would succeed, the column family with the corrupted file would not be read or write, while the other healthy column families could be read and write normally. When max_open_files option is not set to -1, only a subset of the files will be opened and checked. The rest of the files will be opened and checked when they are accessed.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* PessimisticTransaction::GetWaitingTxns now returns waiting transaction information even if the current transaction has timed out. This allows the information to be surfaced to users for debugging purposes once it is known that the timeout has occurred.
+* A new API GetFileSize is added to FSRandomAccessFile interface class. It uses fstat vs stat on the posix implementation which is more efficient. Caller could use it to get file size faster. This function might be required in the future for FileSystem implementation outside of the RocksDB code base.
+* RocksDB now triggers eligible compactions every 12 hours when periodic compaction is configured. This solves a limitation of the compaction trigger mechanism, which would only trigger compaction after specific events like flush, compaction, or SetOptions.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug in BackupEngine that can crash backup due to a null FSWritableFile passed to WritableFileWriter.
+* Fix DB::NewMultiScan iterator to respect the scan upper bound specified in ScanOptions
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Optimized MultiScan using BlockBasedTable to coalesce I/Os and prefetch all data blocks.
+
+## 10.4.0 (06/20/2025)
+### New Features
+* Add a new CF option `memtable_avg_op_scan_flush_trigger` that supports triggering memtable flush when an iterator scans through an expensive range of keys, with the average number of skipped keys from the active memtable exceeding the threshold.
+* Vector based memtable now supports concurrent writers (DBOptions::allow_concurrent_memtable_write) #13675.
+* Add new experimental `TransactionOptions::large_txn_commit_optimize_byte_threshold` to enable optimizations for large transaction commit by transaction batch data size.
+* Add a new option `CompactionOptionsUniversal::reduce_file_locking` and if it's true, auto universal compaction picking will adjust to minimize locking of input files when bottom priority compactions are waiting to run. This can increase the likelihood of existing L0s being selected for compaction, thereby improving write stall and reducing read regression.
+* Add new `format_version=7` to aid experimental support of custom compression algorithms with CompressionManager and block-based table. This format version includes changing the format of `TableProperties::compression_name`.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Change NewExternalTableFactory to return a unique_ptr instead of shared_ptr.
+* Add an optional min file size requirement for deletion triggered compaction. It can be specified when creating `CompactOnDeletionCollectorFactory`.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* `TransactionOptions::large_txn_commit_optimize_threshold` now has default value 0 for disabled. `TransactionDBOptions::txn_commit_bypass_memtable_threshold` now has no effect on transactions.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug where CreateColumnFamilyWithImport() could miss the SST file for the memtable flush it triggered. The exported CF then may not contain the updates in the memtable when CreateColumnFamilyWithImport() is called.
+* Fix iterator operations returning NotImplemented status if disallow_memtable_writes and paranoid_memory_checks CF options are both set.
+* Fixed handling of file checksums in IngestExternalFile() to allow providing checksums using recognized but not necessarily the DB's preferred checksum function, to ease migration between checksum functions.
+
+## 10.3.0 (05/17/2025)
+### New Features
+* Add new experimental `CompactionOptionsFIFO::allow_trivial_copy_when_change_temperature` along with `CompactionOptionsFIFO::trivial_copy_buffer_size` to allow optimizing FIFO compactions with tiering when kChangeTemperature to move files from source tier FileSystem to another tier FileSystem via trivial and direct copying raw sst file instead of reading thru the content of the SST file then rebuilding the table files.
+* Add a new field to Compaction Stats in LOG files for the pre-compression size written to each level.
+* Add new experimental `TransactionOptions::large_txn_commit_optimize_threshold` to enable optimizations for large transaction commit with per transaction threshold. `TransactionDBOptions::txn_commit_bypass_memtable_threshold` is deprecated in favor of this transaction option.
+* [internal team use only] Allow an application-defined `request_id` to be passed to RocksDB and propagated to the filesystem via IODebugContext
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug where transaction lock upgrade can incorrectly fail with a Deadlock status. This happens when a transaction has a non-zero timeout and tries to upgrade a shared lock that is also held by another transaction.
+* Pass wrapped WritableFileWriter pointer to ExternalTableBuilder so that the file checksum can be correctly calculated and returned by SstFileWriter for external table files.
+* Fix an infinite-loop bug in transaction locking. This can happen if a transaction reaches lock limit and its time out expires before it attempts to wait for it.
+* Fixed a potential data race with `CompressionOptions::parallel_threads > 1` and a `TablePropertiesCollector` overriding `BlockAdd()`.
+
+## 10.2.0 (04/21/2025)
+### New Features
+* Provide histogram stats `COMPACTION_PREFETCH_BYTES` to measure number of bytes for RocksDB's prefetching (as opposed to file
+system's prefetch) on SST file during compaction read
+* A new API DB::GetNewestUserDefinedTimestamp is added to return the newest user defined timestamp seen in a column family
+* Introduce API `IngestWriteBatchWithIndex()` for ingesting updates into DB while bypassing memtable writes. This improves performance when writing a large write batch to the DB.
+* Add a new CF option `memtable_op_scan_flush_trigger` that triggers a flush of the memtable if an iterator's Seek()/Next() scans over a certain number of invisible entries from the memtable.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* AdvancedColumnFamilyOptions.max_write_buffer_number_to_maintain is deleted. It's deprecated since introduction of a better option max_write_buffer_size_to_maintain since RocksDB 6.5.0.
+* Deprecated API `DB::MaxMemCompactionLevel()`.
+* Deprecated `ReadOptions::ignore_range_deletions`.
+* Deprecated API `experimental::PromoteL0()`.
+* Added arbitrary string map for additional options to be overridden for remote compactions
+* The fail_if_options_file_error option in DBOptions has been removed. The behavior now is to always return failure in any API that fails to persist the OPTIONS file.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* Make stats `PREFETCH_BYTES_USEFUL`, `PREFETCH_HITS`, `PREFETCH_BYTES` only account for prefetching during user initiated scan
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug in Posix file system that the FSWritableFile created via `FileSystem::ReopenWritableFile` internally does not track the correct file size.
+* Fix a bug where tail size of remote compaction output is not persisted in primary db's manifest
+
+## 10.1.0 (03/24/2025)
+### New Features
+* Added a new `DBOptions.calculate_sst_write_lifetime_hint_set` setting that allows to customize which compaction styles SST write lifetime hint calculation is allowed on. Today RocksDB supports only two modes `kCompactionStyleLevel` and `kCompactionStyleUniversal`.
+* Add a new field `num_l0_files` in `CompactionJobInfo` about the number of L0 files in the CF right before and after the compaction
+* Added per-key-placement feature in Remote Compaction
+* Implemented API DB::GetPropertiesOfTablesByLevel that retrieves table properties for files in each LSM tree level
+
+### Public API Changes
+* `GetAllKeyVersions()` now interprets empty slices literally, as valid keys, and uses new `OptSlice` type default value for extreme upper and lower range limits.
+* `DeleteFilesInRanges()` now takes `RangeOpt` which is based on `OptSlice`. The overload taking `RangePtr` is deprecated.
+* Add an unordered map of name/value pairs, ReadOptions::property_bag, to pass opaque options through to an external table when creating an Iterator.
+* Introduced CompactionServiceJobStatus::kAborted to allow handling aborted scenario in Schedule(), Wait() or OnInstallation() APIs in Remote Compactions.
+* format\_version < 2 in BlockBasedTableOptions is no longer supported for writing new files. Support for reading such files is deprecated and might be removed in the future. `CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions::compress_format_version == 1` is also deprecated.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* `ldb` now returns an error if the specified `--compression_type` is not supported in the build.
+* MultiGet with snapshot and ReadOptions::read_tier = kPersistedTier will now read a consistent view across CFs (instead of potentially reading some CF before and some CF after a flush).
+* CreateColumnFamily() is no longer allowed on a read-only DB (OpenForReadOnly())
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed stats for Tiered Storage with preclude_last_level feature
+
+## 10.0.0 (02/21/2025)
+### New Features
+* Introduced new `auto_refresh_iterator_with_snapshot` opt-in knob that (when enabled) will periodically release obsolete memory and storage resources for as long as the iterator is making progress and its supplied `read_options.snapshot` was initialized with non-nullptr value.
+* Added the ability to plug-in a custom table reader implementation. See include/rocksdb/external_table_reader.h for more details.
+* Experimental feature: RocksDB now supports FAISS inverted file based indices via the secondary indexing framework. Applications can use FAISS secondary indices to automatically quantize embeddings and perform K-nearest-neighbors similarity searches. See `FaissIVFIndex` and `SecondaryIndex` for more details. Note: the FAISS integration currently requires using the BUCK build.
+* Add new DB property `num_running_compaction_sorted_runs` that tracks the number of sorted runs being processed by currently running compactions
+* Experimental feature: added support for simple secondary indices that index the specified column as-is. See `SimpleSecondaryIndex` and `SecondaryIndex` for more details.
+* Added new `TransactionDBOptions::txn_commit_bypass_memtable_threshold`, which enables optimized transaction commit (see `TransactionOptions::commit_bypass_memtable`) when the transaction size exceeds a configured threshold.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Updated the query API of the experimental secondary indexing feature by removing the earlier `SecondaryIndex::NewIterator` virtual and adding a `SecondaryIndexIterator` class that can be utilized by applications to find the primary keys for a given search target.
+* Added back the ability to leverage the primary key when building secondary index entries. This involved changes to the signatures of `SecondaryIndex::GetSecondary{KeyPrefix,Value}` as well as the addition of a new method `SecondaryIndex::FinalizeSecondaryKeyPrefix`. See the API comments for more details.
+* Minimum supported version of ZSTD is now 1.4.0, for code simplification. Obsolete `CompressionType` `kZSTDNotFinalCompression` is also removed.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* `VerifyBackup` in `verify_with_checksum`=`true` mode will now evaluate checksums in parallel. As a result, unlike in case of original implementation, the API won't bail out on a very first corruption / mismatch and instead will iterate over all the backup files logging success / _degree_of_failure_ for each.
+* Reversed the order of updates to the same key in WriteBatchWithIndex. This means if there are multiple updates to the same key, the most recent update is ordered first. This affects the output of WBWIIterator. When WriteBatchWithIndex is created with `overwrite_key=true`, this affects the output only if Merge is used (#13387).
+* Added support for Merge operations in transactions using option `TransactionOptions::commit_bypass_memtable`.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed GetMergeOperands() API in ReadOnlyDB and SecondaryDB
+* Fix a bug in `GetMergeOperands()` that can return incorrect status (MergeInProgress) and incorrect number of merge operands. This can happen when `GetMergeOperandsOptions::continue_cb` is set, both active and immutable memtables have merge operands and the callback stops the look up at the immutable memtable.
+
+## 9.11.0 (01/17/2025)
+### New Features
+* Introduce CancelAwaitingJobs() in CompactionService interface which will allow users to implement cancellation of running remote compactions from the primary instance
+* Experimental feature: RocksDB now supports defining secondary indices, which are automatically maintained by the storage engine. Secondary indices provide a new customization point: applications can provide their own by implementing the new `SecondaryIndex` interface. See the `SecondaryIndex` API comments for more details. Note: this feature is currently only available in conjunction with write-committed pessimistic transactions, and `Merge` is not yet supported.
+* Provide a new option `track_and_verify_wals` to track and verify various information about WAL during WAL recovery. This is intended to be a better replacement to `track_and_verify_wals_in_manifest`.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Add `io_buffer_size` to BackupEngineOptions to enable optimal configuration of IO size
+* Clean up all the references to `random_access_max_buffer_size`, related rules and all the clients wrappers. This option has been officially deprecated in 5.4.0.
+* Add `file_ingestion_nanos` and `file_ingestion_blocking_live_writes_nanos` in PerfContext to observe file ingestions
+* Offer new DB::Open and variants that use `std::unique_ptr<DB>*` output parameters and deprecate the old versions that use `DB**` output parameters.
+* The DB::DeleteFile API is officially deprecated.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* For leveled compaction, manual compaction (CompactRange()) will be more strict about keeping compaction size under `max_compaction_bytes`. This prevents overly large compactions in some cases (#13306).
+* Experimental tiering options `preclude_last_level_data_seconds` and `preserve_internal_time_seconds` are now mutable with `SetOptions()`. Some changes to handling of these features along with long-lived snapshots and range deletes made this possible.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a longstanding major bug with SetOptions() in which setting changes can be quietly reverted.
+
+## 9.10.0 (12/12/2024)
+### New Features
+* Introduce `TransactionOptions::commit_bypass_memtable` to enable transaction commit to bypass memtable insertions. This can be beneficial for transactions with many operations, as it reduces commit time that is mostly spent on memtable insertion.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Deprecated Remote Compaction APIs (StartV2, WaitForCompleteV2) are completely removed from the codebase
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* DB::KeyMayExist() now follows its function comment, which means `value` parameter can be null, and it will be set only if `value_found` is passed in.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix the issue where compaction incorrectly drops a key when there is a snapshot with a sequence number of zero.
+* Honor ConfigOptions.ignore_unknown_options in ParseStruct()
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Enable reuse of file system allocated buffer for synchronous prefetching.
+* In buffered IO mode, try to align writes on power of 2 if checksum handoff is not enabled for the file type being written.
+
+## 9.9.0 (11/18/2024)
+### New Features
+* Multi-Column-Family-Iterator (CoalescingIterator/AttributeGroupIterator) is no longer marked as experimental
+* Adds a new table property "rocksdb.newest.key.time" which records the unix timestamp of the newest key. Uses this table property for FIFO TTL and temperature change compaction.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Added a new API `Transaction::GetAttributeGroupIterator` that can be used to create a multi-column-family attribute group iterator over the specified column families, including the data from both the transaction and the underlying database. This API is currently supported for optimistic and write-committed pessimistic transactions.
+* Added a new API `Transaction::GetCoalescingIterator` that can be used to create a multi-column-family coalescing iterator over the specified column families, including the data from both the transaction and the underlying database. This API is currently supported for optimistic and write-committed pessimistic transactions.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* `BaseDeltaIterator` now honors the read option `allow_unprepared_value`.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* `BaseDeltaIterator` now calls `PrepareValue` on the base iterator in case it has been created with the `allow_unprepared_value` read option set. Earlier, such base iterators could lead to incorrect values being exposed from `BaseDeltaIterator`.
+* Fix a leak of obsolete blob files left open until DB::Close(). This bug was introduced in version 9.4.0.
+* Fix missing cases of corruption retry during DB open and read API processing.
+* Fix a bug for transaction db with 2pc where an old WAL may be retained longer than needed (#13127).
+* Fix leaks of some open SST files (until `DB::Close()`) that are written but never become live due to various failures. (We now have a check for such leaks with no outstanding issues.)
+* Fix a bug for replaying WALs for WriteCommitted transaction DB when its user-defined timestamps setting is toggled on/off between DB sessions.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Fix regression in issue #12038 due to `Options::compaction_readahead_size` greater than `max_sectors_kb` (i.e, largest I/O size that the OS issues to a block device defined in linux)
+
+## 9.8.0 (10/25/2024)
+### New Features
+* All non-`block_cache` options in `BlockBasedTableOptions` are now mutable with `DB::SetOptions()`. See also Bug Fixes below.
+* When using iterators with BlobDB, it is now possible to load large values on an on-demand basis, i.e. only if they are actually needed by the application. This can save I/O in use cases where the values associated with certain keys are not needed. For more details, see the new read option `allow_unprepared_value` and the iterator API `PrepareValue`.
+* Add a new file ingestion option `IngestExternalFileOptions::fill_cache` to support not adding blocks from ingested files into block cache during file ingestion.
+* The option `allow_unprepared_value` is now also supported for multi-column-family iterators (i.e. `CoalescingIterator` and `AttributeGroupIterator`).
+* When a file with just one range deletion (standalone range deletion file) is ingested via bulk loading, it will be marked for compaction. During compaction, this type of files can be used to directly filter out some input files that are not protected by any snapshots and completely deleted by the standalone range deletion file.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* During file ingestion, overlapping files level assignment are done in multiple batches, so that they can potentially be assigned to lower levels other than always land on L0.
+* OPTIONS file to be loaded by remote worker is now preserved so that it does not get purged by the primary host. A similar technique as how we are preserving new SST files from getting purged is used for this. min_options_file_numbers_ is tracked like pending_outputs_ is tracked.
+* Trim readahead_size during scans so data blocks containing keys that are not in the same prefix as the seek key in `Seek()` are not prefetched when `ReadOptions::auto_readahead_size=true` (default value) and `ReadOptions::prefix_same_as_start = true`
+* Assigning levels for external files are done in the same way for universal compaction and leveled compaction. The old behavior tends to assign files to L0 while the new behavior will assign the files to the lowest level possible.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a longstanding race condition in SetOptions for `block_based_table_factory` options. The fix has some subtle behavior changes because of copying and replacing the TableFactory on a change with SetOptions, including requiring an Iterator::Refresh() for an existing Iterator to use the latest options.
+* Fix under counting of allocated memory in the compressed secondary cache due to looking at the compressed block size rather than the actual memory allocated, which could be larger due to internal fragmentation.
+* `GetApproximateMemTableStats()` could return disastrously bad estimates 5-25% of the time. The function has been re-engineered to return much better estimates with similar CPU cost.
+* Skip insertion of compressed blocks in the secondary cache if the lowest_used_cache_tier DB option is kVolatileTier.
+* Fix an issue in level compaction where a small CF with small compaction debt can cause the DB to allow parallel compactions. (#13054)
+* Several DB option settings could be lost through `GetOptionsFromString()`, possibly elsewhere as well. Affected options, now fixed:`background_close_inactive_wals`, `write_dbid_to_manifest`, `write_identity_file`, `prefix_seek_opt_in_only`
+
+## 9.7.0 (09/20/2024)
+### New Features
+* Make Cache a customizable class that can be instantiated by the object registry.
+* Add new option `prefix_seek_opt_in_only` that makes iterators generally safer when you might set a `prefix_extractor`. When `prefix_seek_opt_in_only=true`, which is expected to be the future default, prefix seek is only used when `prefix_same_as_start` or `auto_prefix_mode` are set. Also, `prefix_same_as_start` and `auto_prefix_mode` now allow prefix filtering even with `total_order_seek=true`.
+* Add a new table property "rocksdb.key.largest.seqno" which records the largest sequence number of all keys in file. It is verified to be zero during SST file ingestion.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* Changed the semantics of the BlobDB configuration option `blob_garbage_collection_force_threshold` to define a threshold for the overall garbage ratio of all blob files currently eligible for garbage collection (according to `blob_garbage_collection_age_cutoff`). This can provide better control over space amplification at the cost of slightly higher write amplification.
+* Set `write_dbid_to_manifest=true` by default. This means DB ID will now be preserved through backups, checkpoints, etc. by default. Also add `write_identity_file` option which can be set to false for anticipated future behavior.
+* In FIFO compaction, compactions for changing file temperature (configured by option `file_temperature_age_thresholds`) will compact one file at a time, instead of merging multiple eligible file together (#13018).
+* Support ingesting db generated files using hard link, i.e. IngestExternalFileOptions::move_files/link_files and IngestExternalFileOptions::allow_db_generated_files.
+* Add a new file ingestion option `IngestExternalFileOptions::link_files` to hard link input files and preserve original files links after ingestion.
+* DB::Close now untracks files in SstFileManager, making available any space used
+by them. Prior to this change they would be orphaned until the DB is re-opened.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug in CompactRange() where result files may not be compacted in any future compaction. This can only happen when users configure CompactRangeOptions::change_level to true and the change level step of manual compaction fails (#13009).
+* Fix handling of dynamic change of `prefix_extractor` with memtable prefix filter. Previously, prefix seek could mix different prefix interpretations between memtable and SST files. Now the latest `prefix_extractor` at the time of iterator creation or refresh is respected.
+* Fix a bug with manual_wal_flush and auto error recovery from WAL failure that may cause CFs to be inconsistent (#12995). The fix will set potential WAL write failure as fatal error when manual_wal_flush is true, and disables auto error recovery from these errors.
+
+## 9.6.0 (08/19/2024)
+### New Features
+* Best efforts recovery supports recovering to incomplete Version with a clean seqno cut that presents a valid point in time view from the user's perspective, if versioning history doesn't include atomic flush.
+* New option `BlockBasedTableOptions::decouple_partitioned_filters` should improve efficiency in serving read queries because filter and index partitions can consistently target the configured `metadata_block_size`. This option is currently opt-in.
+* Introduce a new mutable CF option `paranoid_memory_checks`. It enables additional validation on data integrity during reads/scanning. Currently, skip list based memtable will validate key ordering during look up and scans.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Add ticker stats to count file read retries due to checksum mismatch
+* Adds optional installation callback function for remote compaction
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* There may be less intra-L0 compaction triggered by total L0 size being too small. We now use compensated file size (tombstones are assigned some value size) when calculating L0 size and reduce the threshold for L0 size limit. This is to avoid accumulating too much data/tombstones in L0.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Make DestroyDB supports slow deletion when it's configured in `SstFileManager`. The slow deletion is subject to the configured `rate_bytes_per_sec`, but not subject to the `max_trash_db_ratio`.
+* Fixed a bug where we set unprep_seqs_ even when WriteImpl() fails. This was caught by stress test write fault injection in WriteImpl(). This may have incorrectly caused iteration creation failure for unvalidated writes or returned wrong result for WriteUnpreparedTxn::GetUnpreparedSequenceNumbers().
+* Fixed a bug where successful write right after error recovery for last failed write finishes causes duplicate WAL entries
+* Fixed a data race involving the background error status in `unordered_write` mode.
+* Fix a bug where file snapshot functions like backup, checkpoint may attempt to copy a non-existing manifest file. #12882
+* Fix a bug where per kv checksum corruption may be ignored in MultiGet().
+* Fix a race condition in pessimistic transactions that could allow multiple transactions with the same name to be registered simultaneously, resulting in a crash or other unpredictable behavior.
+
+## 9.5.0 (07/19/2024)
+### Public API Changes
+* Introduced new C API function rocksdb_writebatch_iterate_cf for column family-aware iteration over the contents of a WriteBatch
+* Add support to ingest SST files generated by a DB instead of SstFileWriter. This can be enabled with experimental option `IngestExternalFileOptions::allow_db_generated_files`.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* When calculating total log size for the `log_size_for_flush` argument in `CreateCheckpoint` API, the size of the archived log will not be included to avoid unnecessary flush
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a major bug in which an iterator using prefix filtering and SeekForPrev might miss data when the DB is using `whole_key_filtering=false` and `partition_filters=true`.
+* Fixed a bug where `OnErrorRecoveryBegin()` is not called before auto recovery starts.
+* Fixed a bug where event listener reads ErrorHandler's `bg_error_` member without holding db mutex(#12803).
+* Fixed a bug in handling MANIFEST write error that caused the latest valid MANIFEST file to get deleted, resulting in the DB being unopenable.
+* Fixed a race between error recovery due to manifest sync or write failure and external SST file ingestion. Both attempt to write a new manifest file, which causes an assertion failure.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Fix an issue where compactions were opening table files and reading table properties while holding db mutex_.
+* Reduce unnecessary filesystem queries and DB mutex acquires in creating backups and checkpoints.
+
+## 9.4.0 (06/23/2024)
+### New Features
+* Added a `CompactForTieringCollectorFactory` to auto trigger compaction for tiering use case.
+* Optimistic transactions and pessimistic transactions with the WriteCommitted policy now support the `GetEntityForUpdate` API.
+* Added a new "count" command to the ldb repl shell. By default, it prints a count of keys in the database from start to end. The options --from=<key> and/or --to=<key> can be specified to limit the range.
+* Add `rocksdb_writebatch_update_timestamps`, `rocksdb_writebatch_wi_update_timestamps` in C API.
+* Add `rocksdb_iter_refresh` in C API.
+* Add `rocksdb_writebatch_create_with_params`, `rocksdb_writebatch_wi_create_with_params` to create WB and WBWI with all options in C API
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Deprecated names `LogFile` and `VectorLogPtr` in favor of new names `WalFile` and `VectorWalPtr`.
+* Introduce a new universal compaction option CompactionOptionsUniversal::max_read_amp which allows user to define the limit on the number of sorted runs separately from the trigger for compaction (`level0_file_num_compaction_trigger`) #12477.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* Inactive WALs are immediately closed upon being fully sync-ed rather than in a background thread. This is to ensure LinkFile() is not called on files still open for write, which might not be supported by some FileSystem implementations. This should not be a performance issue, but an opt-out is available with with new DB option `background_close_inactive_wals`.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a rare case in which a hard-linked WAL in a Checkpoint is not fully synced (so might lose data on power loss).
+* Fixed the output of the `ldb dump_wal` command for `PutEntity` records so it prints the key and correctly resets the hexadecimal formatting flag after printing the wide-column entity.
+* Fixed an issue where `PutEntity` records were handled incorrectly while rebuilding transactions during recovery.
+* Various read operations could ignore various ReadOptions that might be relevant. Fixed many such cases, which can result in behavior change but a better reflection of specified options.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Improved write throughput to memtable when there's a large number of concurrent writers and allow_concurrent_memtable_write=true(#12545)
+
+## 9.3.0 (05/17/2024)
+### New Features
+* Optimistic transactions and pessimistic transactions with the WriteCommitted policy now support the `GetEntity` API.
+* Added new `Iterator` property, "rocksdb.iterator.is-value-pinned", for checking whether the `Slice` returned by `Iterator::value()` can be used until the `Iterator` is destroyed.
+* Optimistic transactions and WriteCommitted pessimistic transactions now support the `MultiGetEntity` API.
+* Optimistic transactions and pessimistic transactions with the WriteCommitted policy now support the `PutEntity` API. Support for read APIs and other write policies (WritePrepared, WriteUnprepared) will be added later.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Exposed block based metadata cache options via C API
+* Exposed compaction pri via c api.
+* Add a kAdmPolicyAllowAll option to TieredAdmissionPolicy that admits all blocks evicted from the primary block cache into the compressed secondary cache.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* CompactRange() with change_level=true on a CF with FIFO compaction will return Status::NotSupported().
+* External file ingestion with FIFO compaction will always ingest to L0.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed a bug for databases using `DBOptions::allow_2pc == true` (all `TransactionDB`s except `OptimisticTransactionDB`) that have exactly one column family. Due to a missing WAL sync, attempting to open the DB could have returned a `Status::Corruption` with a message like "SST file is ahead of WALs".
+* Fix a bug in CreateColumnFamilyWithImport() where if multiple CFs are imported, we were not resetting files' epoch number and L0 files can have overlapping key range but the same epoch number.
+* Fixed race conditions when `ColumnFamilyOptions::inplace_update_support == true` between user overwrites and reads on the same key.
+* Fix a bug where `CompactFiles()` can compact files of range conflict with other ongoing compactions' when `preclude_last_level_data_seconds > 0` is used
+* Fixed a false positive `Status::Corruption` reported when reopening a DB that used `DBOptions::recycle_log_file_num > 0` and `DBOptions::wal_compression != kNoCompression`.
+* While WAL is locked with LockWAL(), some operations like Flush() and IngestExternalFile() are now blocked as they should have been.
+* Fixed a bug causing stale memory access when using the TieredSecondaryCache with an NVM secondary cache, and a file system that supports return an FS allocated buffer for MultiRead (FSSupportedOps::kFSBuffer is set).
+
+## 9.2.0 (05/01/2024)
+### New Features
+* Added two options `deadline` and `max_size_bytes` for CacheDumper to exit early
+* Added a new API `GetEntityFromBatchAndDB` to `WriteBatchWithIndex` that can be used for wide-column point lookups with read-your-own-writes consistency. Similarly to `GetFromBatchAndDB`, the API can combine data from the write batch with data from the underlying database if needed. See the API comments for more details.
+* [Experimental] Introduce two new cross-column-family iterators - CoalescingIterator and AttributeGroupIterator. The CoalescingIterator enables users to iterate over multiple column families and access their values and columns. During this iteration, if the same key exists in more than one column family, the keys in the later column family will overshadow the previous ones. The AttributeGroupIterator allows users to gather wide columns per Column Family and create attribute groups while iterating over keys across all CFs.
+* Added a new API `MultiGetEntityFromBatchAndDB` to `WriteBatchWithIndex` that can be used for batched wide-column point lookups with read-your-own-writes consistency. Similarly to `MultiGetFromBatchAndDB`, the API can combine data from the write batch with data from the underlying database if needed. See the API comments for more details.
+* Adds a `SstFileReader::NewTableIterator` API to support programmatically read a SST file as a raw table file.
+* Add an option to `WaitForCompactOptions` - `wait_for_purge` to make `WaitForCompact()` API wait for background purge to complete
+
+### Public API Changes
+* DeleteRange() will return NotSupported() if row_cache is configured since they don't work together in some cases.
+* Deprecated `CompactionOptions::compression` since `CompactionOptions`'s API for configuring compression was incomplete, unsafe, and likely unnecessary
+* Using `OptionChangeMigration()` to migrate from non-FIFO to FIFO compaction
+with `Options::compaction_options_fifo.max_table_files_size` > 0 can cause
+the whole DB to be dropped right after migration if the migrated data is larger than
+`max_table_files_size`
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* Enabling `BlockBasedTableOptions::block_align` is now incompatible (i.e., APIs will return `Status::InvalidArgument`) with more ways of enabling compression: `CompactionOptions::compression`, `ColumnFamilyOptions::compression_per_level`, and `ColumnFamilyOptions::bottommost_compression`.
+* Changed the default value of `CompactionOptions::compression` to `kDisableCompressionOption`, which means the compression type is determined by the `ColumnFamilyOptions`.
+* `BlockBasedTableOptions::optimize_filters_for_memory` is now set to true by default. When `partition_filters=false`, this could lead to somewhat increased average RSS memory usage by the block cache, but this "extra" usage is within the allowed memory budget and should make memory usage more consistent (by minimizing internal fragmentation for more kinds of blocks).
+* Dump all keys for cache dumper impl if `SetDumpFilter()` is not called
+* `CompactRange()` with `CompactRangeOptions::change_level = true` and `CompactRangeOptions::target_level = 0` that ends up moving more than 1 file from non-L0 to L0 will return `Status::Aborted()`.
+* On distributed file systems that support file system level checksum verification and reconstruction reads, RocksDB will now retry a file read if the initial read fails RocksDB block level or record level checksum verification. This applies to MANIFEST file reads when the DB is opened, and to SST file reads at all times.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a bug causing `VerifyFileChecksums()` to return false-positive corruption under `BlockBasedTableOptions::block_align=true`
+* Provide consistent view of the database across the column families for `NewIterators()` API.
+* Fixed feature interaction bug for `DeleteRange()` together with `ColumnFamilyOptions::memtable_insert_with_hint_prefix_extractor`. The impact of this bug would likely be corruption or crashing.
+* Fixed hang in `DisableManualCompactions()` where compactions waiting to be scheduled due to conflicts would not be canceled promptly
+* Fixed a regression when `ColumnFamilyOptions::max_successive_merges > 0` where the CPU overhead for deciding whether to merge could have increased unless the user had set the option `ColumnFamilyOptions::strict_max_successive_merges`
+* Fixed a bug in `MultiGet()` and `MultiGetEntity()` together with blob files (`ColumnFamilyOptions::enable_blob_files == true`). An error looking up one of the keys could cause the results to be wrong for other keys for which the statuses were `Status::OK`.
+* Fixed a bug where wrong padded bytes are used to generate file checksum and `DataVerificationInfo::checksum` upon file creation
+* Correctly implemented the move semantics of `PinnableWideColumns`.
+* Fixed a bug when the recycle_log_file_num in DBOptions is changed from 0 to non-zero when a DB is reopened. On a subsequent reopen, if a log file created when recycle_log_file_num==0 was reused previously, is alive and is empty, we could end up inserting stale WAL records into the memtable.
+* Fix a bug where obsolete files' deletion during DB::Open are not rate limited with `SstFilemManager`'s slow deletion feature even if it's configured.
+
+## 9.1.0 (03/22/2024)
+### New Features
+* Added an option, `GetMergeOperandsOptions::continue_cb`, to give users the ability to end `GetMergeOperands()`'s lookup process before all merge operands were found.
+* Add sanity checks for ingesting external files that currently checks if the user key comparator used to create the file is compatible with the column family's user key comparator.
+*Support ingesting external files for column family that has user-defined timestamps in memtable only enabled.
+* On file systems that support storage level data checksum and reconstruction, retry SST block reads for point lookups, scans, and flush and compaction if there's a checksum mismatch on the initial read.
+* Some enhancements and fixes to experimental Temperature handling features, including new `default_write_temperature` CF option and opening an `SstFileWriter` with a temperature.
+* `WriteBatchWithIndex` now supports wide-column point lookups via the `GetEntityFromBatch` API. See the API comments for more details.
+* Implement experimental features: API `Iterator::GetProperty("rocksdb.iterator.write-time")` to allow users to get data's approximate write unix time and write data with a specific write time via `WriteBatch::TimedPut` API.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Best-effort recovery (`best_efforts_recovery == true`) may now be used together with atomic flush (`atomic_flush == true`). The all-or-nothing recovery guarantee for atomically flushed data will be upheld.
+* Remove deprecated option `bottommost_temperature`, already replaced by `last_level_temperature`
+* Added new PerfContext counters for block cache bytes read - block_cache_index_read_byte, block_cache_filter_read_byte, block_cache_compression_dict_read_byte, and block_cache_read_byte.
+* Deprecate experimental Remote Compaction APIs - StartV2() and WaitForCompleteV2() and introduce Schedule() and Wait(). The new APIs essentially does the same thing as the old APIs. They allow taking externally generated unique id to wait for remote compaction to complete.
+* For API `WriteCommittedTransaction::GetForUpdate`, if the column family enables user-defined timestamp, it was mandated that argument `do_validate` cannot be false, and UDT based validation has to be done with a user set read timestamp. It's updated to make the UDT based validation optional if user sets `do_validate` to false and does not set a read timestamp. With this, `GetForUpdate` skips UDT based validation and it's users' responsibility to enforce the UDT invariant. SO DO NOT skip this UDT-based validation if users do not have ways to enforce the UDT invariant. Ways to enforce the invariant on the users side include manage a monotonically increasing timestamp, commit transactions in a single thread etc.
+* Defined a new PerfLevel `kEnableWait` to measure time spent by user threads blocked in RocksDB other than mutex, such as a write thread waiting to be added to a write group, a write thread delayed or stalled etc.
+* `RateLimiter`'s API no longer requires the burst size to be the refill size. Users of `NewGenericRateLimiter()` can now provide burst size in `single_burst_bytes`. Implementors of `RateLimiter::SetSingleBurstBytes()` need to adapt their implementations to match the changed API doc.
+* Add `write_memtable_time` to the newly introduced PerfLevel `kEnableWait`.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* `RateLimiter`s created by `NewGenericRateLimiter()` no longer modify the refill period when `SetSingleBurstBytes()` is called.
+* Merge writes will only keep merge operand count within `ColumnFamilyOptions::max_successive_merges` when the key's merge operands are all found in memory, unless `strict_max_successive_merges` is explicitly set.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed `kBlockCacheTier` reads to return `Status::Incomplete` when I/O is needed to fetch a merge chain's base value from a blob file.
+* Fixed `kBlockCacheTier` reads to return `Status::Incomplete` on table cache miss rather than incorrectly returning an empty value.
+* Fixed a data race in WalManager that may affect how frequent PurgeObsoleteWALFiles() runs.
+* Re-enable the recycle_log_file_num option in DBOptions for kPointInTimeRecovery WAL recovery mode, which was previously disabled due to a bug in the recovery logic. This option is incompatible with WriteOptions::disableWAL. A Status::InvalidArgument() will be returned if disableWAL is specified.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Java API `multiGet()` variants now take advantage of the underlying batched `multiGet()` performance improvements.
+Before
+```
+Benchmark (columnFamilyTestType) (keyCount) (keySize) (multiGetSize) (valueSize) Mode Cnt Score Error Units
+MultiGetBenchmarks.multiGetList10 no_column_family 10000 16 100 64 thrpt 25 6315.541 ± 8.106 ops/s
+MultiGetBenchmarks.multiGetList10 no_column_family 10000 16 100 1024 thrpt 25 6975.468 ± 68.964 ops/s
+```
+After
+```
+Benchmark (columnFamilyTestType) (keyCount) (keySize) (multiGetSize) (valueSize) Mode Cnt Score Error Units
+MultiGetBenchmarks.multiGetList10 no_column_family 10000 16 100 64 thrpt 25 7046.739 ± 13.299 ops/s
+MultiGetBenchmarks.multiGetList10 no_column_family 10000 16 100 1024 thrpt 25 7654.521 ± 60.121 ops/s
+```
+
+## 9.0.0 (02/16/2024)
+### New Features
+* Provide support for FSBuffer for point lookups. Also added support for scans and compactions that don't go through prefetching.
+* Make `SstFileWriter` create SST files without persisting user defined timestamps when the `Option.persist_user_defined_timestamps` flag is set to false.
+* Add support for user-defined timestamps in APIs `DeleteFilesInRanges` and `GetPropertiesOfTablesInRange`.
+* Mark wal\_compression feature as production-ready. Currently only compatible with ZSTD compression.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Allow setting Stderr logger via C API
+* Declare one Get and one MultiGet variant as pure virtual, and make all the other variants non-overridable. The methods required to be implemented by derived classes of DB allow returning timestamps. It is up to the implementation to check and return an error if timestamps are not supported. The non-batched MultiGet APIs are reimplemented in terms of batched MultiGet, so callers might see a performance improvement.
+* Exposed mode option to Rate Limiter via c api.
+* Removed deprecated option `access_hint_on_compaction_start`
+* Removed deprecated option `ColumnFamilyOptions::check_flush_compaction_key_order`
+* Remove the default `WritableFile::GetFileSize` and `FSWritableFile::GetFileSize` implementation that returns 0 and make it pure virtual, so that subclasses are enforced to explicitly provide an implementation.
+* Removed deprecated option `ColumnFamilyOptions::level_compaction_dynamic_file_size`
+* Removed tickers with typos "rocksdb.error.handler.bg.error.count", "rocksdb.error.handler.bg.io.error.count", "rocksdb.error.handler.bg.retryable.io.error.count".
+* Remove the force mode for `EnableFileDeletions` API because it is unsafe with no known legitimate use.
+* Removed deprecated option `ColumnFamilyOptions::ignore_max_compaction_bytes_for_input`
+* `sst_dump --command=check` now compares the number of records in a table with `num_entries` in table property, and reports corruption if there is a mismatch. API `SstFileDumper::ReadSequential()` is updated to optionally do this verification. (#12322)
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* format\_version=6 is the new default setting in BlockBasedTableOptions, for more robust data integrity checking. DBs and SST files written with this setting cannot be read by RocksDB versions before 8.6.0.
+* Compactions can be scheduled in parallel in an additional scenario: multiple files are marked for compaction within a single column family
+* For leveled compaction, RocksDB will try to do intra-L0 compaction if the total L0 size is small compared to Lbase (#12214). Users with atomic_flush=true are more likely to see the impact of this change.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed a data race in `DBImpl::RenameTempFileToOptionsFile`.
+* Fix some perf context statistics error in write steps. which include missing write_memtable_time in unordered_write. missing write_memtable_time in PipelineWrite when Writer stat is STATE_PARALLEL_MEMTABLE_WRITER. missing write_delay_time when calling DelayWrite in WriteImplWALOnly function.
+* Fixed a bug that can, under rare circumstances, cause MultiGet to return an incorrect result for a duplicate key in a MultiGet batch.
+* Fix a bug where older data of an ingested key can be returned for read when universal compaction is used
+
+## 8.11.0 (01/19/2024)
+### New Features
+* Add new statistics: `rocksdb.sst.write.micros` measures time of each write to SST file; `rocksdb.file.write.{flush|compaction|db.open}.micros` measure time of each write to SST table (currently only block-based table format) and blob file for flush, compaction and db open.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Added another enumerator `kVerify` to enum class `FileOperationType` in listener.h. Update your `switch` statements as needed.
+* Add CompressionOptions to the CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions structure to allow users to specify library specific options when creating the compressed secondary cache.
+* Deprecated several options: `level_compaction_dynamic_file_size`, `ignore_max_compaction_bytes_for_input`, `check_flush_compaction_key_order`, `flush_verify_memtable_count`, `compaction_verify_record_count`, `fail_if_options_file_error`, and `enforce_single_del_contracts`
+* Exposed options ttl via c api.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* `rocksdb.blobdb.blob.file.write.micros` expands to also measure time writing the header and footer. Therefore the COUNT may be higher and values may be smaller than before. For stacked BlobDB, it no longer measures the time of explicitly flushing blob file.
+* Files will be compacted to the next level if the data age exceeds periodic_compaction_seconds except for the last level.
+* Reduced the compaction debt ratio trigger for scheduling parallel compactions
+* For leveled compaction with default compaction pri (kMinOverlappingRatio), files marked for compaction will be prioritized over files not marked when picking a file from a level for compaction.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix bug in auto_readahead_size that combined with IndexType::kBinarySearchWithFirstKey + fails or iterator lands at a wrong key
+* Fixed some cases in which DB file corruption was detected but ignored on creating a backup with BackupEngine.
+* Fix bugs where `rocksdb.blobdb.blob.file.synced` includes blob files failed to get synced and `rocksdb.blobdb.blob.file.bytes.written` includes blob bytes failed to get written.
+* Fixed a possible memory leak or crash on a failure (such as I/O error) in automatic atomic flush of multiple column families.
+* Fixed some cases of in-memory data corruption using mmap reads with `BackupEngine`, `sst_dump`, or `ldb`.
+* Fixed issues with experimental `preclude_last_level_data_seconds` option that could interfere with expected data tiering.
+* Fixed the handling of the edge case when all existing blob files become unreferenced. Such files are now correctly deleted.
+
+## 8.10.0 (12/15/2023)
+### New Features
+* Provide support for async_io to trim readahead_size by doing block cache lookup
+* Added initial wide-column support in `WriteBatchWithIndex`. This includes the `PutEntity` API and support for wide columns in the existing read APIs (`GetFromBatch`, `GetFromBatchAndDB`, `MultiGetFromBatchAndDB`, and `BaseDeltaIterator`).
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Custom implementations of `TablePropertiesCollectorFactory` may now return a `nullptr` collector to decline processing a file, reducing callback overheads in such cases.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* Make ReadOptions.auto_readahead_size default true which does prefetching optimizations for forward scans if iterate_upper_bound and block_cache is also specified.
+* Compactions can be scheduled in parallel in an additional scenario: high compaction debt relative to the data size
+* HyperClockCache now has built-in protection against excessive CPU consumption under the extreme stress condition of no (or very few) evictable cache entries, which can slightly increase memory usage such conditions. New option `HyperClockCacheOptions::eviction_effort_cap` controls the space-time trade-off of the response. The default should be generally well-balanced, with no measurable affect on normal operation.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fix a corner case with auto_readahead_size where Prev Operation returns NOT SUPPORTED error when scans direction is changed from forward to backward.
+* Avoid destroying the periodic task scheduler's default timer in order to prevent static destruction order issues.
+* Fix double counting of BYTES_WRITTEN ticker when doing writes with transactions.
+* Fix a WRITE_STALL counter that was reporting wrong value in few cases.
+* A lookup by MultiGet in a TieredCache that goes to the local flash cache and finishes with very low latency, i.e before the subsequent call to WaitAll, is ignored, resulting in a false negative and a memory leak.
+
+### Performance Improvements
+* Java API extensions to improve consistency and completeness of APIs
+1 Extended `RocksDB.get([ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle,] ReadOptions opt, ByteBuffer key, ByteBuffer value)` which now accepts indirect buffer parameters as well as direct buffer parameters
+2 Extended `RocksDB.put( [ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle,] WriteOptions writeOpts, final ByteBuffer key, final ByteBuffer value)` which now accepts indirect buffer parameters as well as direct buffer parameters
+3 Added `RocksDB.merge([ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle,] WriteOptions writeOptions, ByteBuffer key, ByteBuffer value)` methods with the same parameter options as `put(...)` - direct and indirect buffers are supported
+4 Added `RocksIterator.key( byte[] key [, int offset, int len])` methods which retrieve the iterator key into the supplied buffer
+5 Added `RocksIterator.value( byte[] value [, int offset, int len])` methods which retrieve the iterator value into the supplied buffer
+6 Deprecated `get(final ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, final ReadOptions readOptions, byte[])` in favour of `get(final ReadOptions readOptions, final ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, byte[])` which has consistent parameter ordering with other methods in the same class
+7 Added `Transaction.get( ReadOptions opt, [ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, ] byte[] key, byte[] value)` methods which retrieve the requested value into the supplied buffer
+8 Added `Transaction.get( ReadOptions opt, [ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, ] ByteBuffer key, ByteBuffer value)` methods which retrieve the requested value into the supplied buffer
+9 Added `Transaction.getForUpdate( ReadOptions readOptions, [ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, ] byte[] key, byte[] value, boolean exclusive [, boolean doValidate])` methods which retrieve the requested value into the supplied buffer
+10 Added `Transaction.getForUpdate( ReadOptions readOptions, [ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, ] ByteBuffer key, ByteBuffer value, boolean exclusive [, boolean doValidate])` methods which retrieve the requested value into the supplied buffer
+11 Added `Transaction.getIterator()` method as a convenience which defaults the `ReadOptions` value supplied to existing `Transaction.iterator()` methods. This mirrors the existing `RocksDB.iterator()` method.
+12 Added `Transaction.put([ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, ]  ByteBuffer key, ByteBuffer value [, boolean assumeTracked])` methods which supply the key, and the value to be written in a `ByteBuffer` parameter
+13 Added `Transaction.merge([ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, ] ByteBuffer key, ByteBuffer value [,  boolean assumeTracked])` methods which supply the key, and the value to be written/merged in a `ByteBuffer` parameter
+14 Added `Transaction.mergeUntracked([ColumnFamilyHandle columnFamilyHandle, ] ByteBuffer key, ByteBuffer value)` methods which supply the key, and the value to be written/merged in a `ByteBuffer` parameter
+
+
+## 8.9.0 (11/17/2023)
+### New Features
+* Add GetEntity() and PutEntity() API implementation for Attribute Group support. Through the use of Column Families, AttributeGroup enables users to logically group wide-column entities.
+
+### Public API Changes
+* Added rocksdb_ratelimiter_create_auto_tuned API to create an auto-tuned GenericRateLimiter.
+* Added clipColumnFamily() to the Java API to clip the entries in the CF according to the range [begin_key, end_key).
+* Make the `EnableFileDeletion` API not default to force enabling. For users that rely on this default behavior and still
+want to continue to use force enabling, they need to explicitly pass a `true` to `EnableFileDeletion`.
+* Add new Cache APIs GetSecondaryCacheCapacity() and GetSecondaryCachePinnedUsage() to return the configured capacity, and cache reservation charged to the secondary cache.
+
+### Behavior Changes
+* During off-peak hours defined by `daily_offpeak_time_utc`, the compaction picker will select a larger number of files for periodic compaction. This selection will include files that are projected to expire by the next off-peak start time, ensuring that these files are not chosen for periodic compaction outside of off-peak hours.
+* If an error occurs when writing to a trace file after `DB::StartTrace()`, the subsequent trace writes are skipped to avoid writing to a file that has previously seen error. In this case, `DB::EndTrace()` will also return a non-ok status with info about the error occurred previously in its status message.
+* Deleting stale files upon recovery are delegated to SstFileManger if available so they can be rate limited.
+* Make RocksDB only call `TablePropertiesCollector::Finish()` once.
+* When `WAL_ttl_seconds > 0`, we now process archived WALs for deletion at least every `WAL_ttl_seconds / 2` seconds. Previously it could be less frequent in case of small `WAL_ttl_seconds` values when size-based expiration (`WAL_size_limit_MB > 0 `) was simultaneously enabled.
+
+### Bug Fixes
+* Fixed a crash or assertion failure bug in experimental new HyperClockCache variant, especially when running with a SecondaryCache.
+* Fix a race between flush error recovery and db destruction that can lead to db crashing.
+* Fixed some bugs in the index builder/reader path for user-defined timestamps in Memtable only feature.
 
 ## 8.8.0 (10/23/2023)
 ### New Features
@@ -15,12 +703,10 @@
 
 ### Public API Changes
 * The default value of `DBOptions::fail_if_options_file_error` changed from `false` to `true`. Operations that set in-memory options (e.g., `DB::Open*()`, `DB::SetOptions()`, `DB::CreateColumnFamily*()`, and `DB::DropColumnFamily()`) but fail to persist the change will now return a non-OK `Status` by default.
-* Add new Cache APIs GetSecondaryCacheCapacity() and GetSecondaryCachePinnedUsage() to return the configured capacity, and cache reservation charged to the secondary cache.
 
 ### Behavior Changes
 * For non direct IO, eliminate the file system prefetching attempt for compaction read when `Options::compaction_readahead_size` is 0
 * During a write stop, writes now block on in-progress recovery attempts
-* Deleting stale files upon recovery are delegated to SstFileManger if available so they can be rate limited.
 
 ### Bug Fixes
 * Fix a bug in auto_readahead_size where first_internal_key of index blocks wasn't copied properly resulting in corruption error when first_internal_key was used for comparison.
@@ -786,7 +1472,7 @@ Note: The next release will be major release 7.0. See https://github.com/faceboo
 ### Public API change
 * Extend WriteBatch::AssignTimestamp and AssignTimestamps API so that both functions can accept an optional `checker` argument that performs additional checking on timestamp sizes.
 * Introduce a new EventListener callback that will be called upon the end of automatic error recovery.
-* Add IncreaseFullHistoryTsLow API so users can advance each column family's full_history_ts_low seperately.
+* Add IncreaseFullHistoryTsLow API so users can advance each column family's full_history_ts_low separately.
 * Add GetFullHistoryTsLow API so users can query current full_history_low value of specified column family.
 
 ### Performance Improvements

INSTALL.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ than release mode.
 
 RocksDB's library should be able to compile without any dependency installed,
 although we recommend installing some compression libraries (see below).
-We do depend on newer gcc/clang with C++17 support (GCC >= 7, Clang >= 5).
+We do depend on newer gcc/clang with C++20 support (GCC >= 11, Clang >= 10).
 
 There are few options when compiling RocksDB:
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ most processors made since roughly 2013.
 ## Supported platforms
 
 * **Linux - Ubuntu**
-    * Upgrade your gcc to version at least 7 to get C++17 support.
+    * Upgrade your gcc to version at least 11 to get C++20 support.
     * Install gflags. First, try: `sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev`
       If this doesn't work and you're using Ubuntu, here's a nice tutorial:
       (http://askubuntu.com/questions/312173/installing-gflags-12-04)
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ most processors made since roughly 2013.
     * Install zstandard: `sudo apt-get install libzstd-dev`.
 
 * **Linux - CentOS / RHEL**
-    * Upgrade your gcc to version at least 7 to get C++17 support
+    * Upgrade your gcc to version at least 11 to get C++20 support
     * Install gflags:
 
               git clone https://github.com/gflags/gflags.git
@@ -122,11 +122,10 @@ most processors made since roughly 2013.
               make && sudo make install
 
 * **OS X**:
-    * Install latest C++ compiler that supports C++ 17:
+    * Install latest C++ compiler that supports C++20:
         * Update XCode:  run `xcode-select --install` (or install it from XCode App's settting).
         * Install via [homebrew](http://brew.sh/).
             * If you're first time developer in MacOS, you still need to run: `xcode-select --install` in your command line.
-            * run `brew tap homebrew/versions; brew install gcc7 --use-llvm` to install gcc 7 (or higher).
     * run `brew install rocksdb`
 
 * **FreeBSD** (11.01):
@@ -169,21 +168,26 @@ most processors made since roughly 2013.
 
     * Install the dependencies for RocksDB:
 
-        pkg_add gmake gflags snappy bzip2 lz4 zstd git jdk bash findutils gnuwatch
+      `pkg_add gmake gflags snappy bzip2 lz4 zstd git bash findutils gnuwatch`
 
     * Build RocksDB from source:
 
+        ```bash
         cd ~
         git clone https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb.git
         cd rocksdb
         gmake static_lib
+        ```
 
     * Build RocksJava from source (optional):
-
+        * In OpenBSD, JDK depends on XWindows system, so please check that you installed OpenBSD with `xbase` package.
+        * Install dependencies : `pkg_add -v jdk%1.8`
+        ```bash
         cd rocksdb
         export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk-1.8.0
         export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk-1.8.0/bin
-        gmake rocksdbjava
+        gmake rocksdbjava SHA256_CMD='sha256 -q'
+        ```
 
 * **iOS**:
   * Run: `TARGET_OS=IOS make static_lib`. When building the project which uses rocksdb iOS library, make sure to define an important pre-processing macros: `IOS_CROSS_COMPILE`.
@@ -209,7 +213,7 @@ most processors made since roughly 2013.
              export PATH=/opt/freeware/bin:$PATH
 
 * **Solaris Sparc**
-    * Install GCC 7 and higher.
+    * Install GCC 11 and higher.
     * Use these environment variables:
 
              export CC=gcc

LANGUAGE-BINDINGS.md

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ This is the list of all known third-party language bindings for RocksDB. If some
 
 * Java - https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/tree/main/java
 * Python
-    * http://python-rocksdb.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+    * https://github.com/rocksdict/RocksDict
+    * http://python-rocksdb.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ (unmaintained) 
     * http://pyrocksdb.readthedocs.org/en/latest/ (unmaintained)
 * Perl - https://metacpan.org/pod/RocksDB
 * Node.js - https://npmjs.org/package/rocksdb

Makefile

@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ dummy := $(shell (export ROCKSDB_ROOT="$(CURDIR)"; \
                   export LIB_MODE="$(LIB_MODE)"; \
 		  export ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD="$(ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD)"; \
 		  export USE_FOLLY="$(USE_FOLLY)"; \
+		  export USE_FOLLY_LITE="$(USE_FOLLY_LITE)"; \
                   "$(CURDIR)/build_tools/build_detect_platform" "$(CURDIR)/make_config.mk"))
 # this file is generated by the previous line to set build flags and sources
 include make_config.mk
@@ -147,10 +148,8 @@ ifeq ($(USE_COROUTINES), 1)
 	USE_FOLLY = 1
 	# glog/logging.h requires HAVE_CXX11_ATOMIC
 	OPT += -DUSE_COROUTINES -DHAVE_CXX11_ATOMIC
-	ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD = c++2a
 	USE_RTTI = 1
 ifneq ($(USE_CLANG), 1)
-	ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD = c++20
 	PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -fcoroutines
 endif
 endif
@@ -297,6 +296,28 @@ $(info $(shell $(CC) --version))
 $(info $(shell $(CXX) --version))
 endif
 
+# ccache support
+# Set USE_CCACHE=1 to enable ccache, or let it auto-detect
+ifndef USE_CCACHE
+  CCACHE := $(shell which ccache 2>/dev/null)
+  ifneq ($(CCACHE),)
+    USE_CCACHE := 1
+  else
+    USE_CCACHE := 0
+  endif
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(USE_CCACHE), 1)
+  CCACHE := $(shell which ccache 2>/dev/null)
+  ifneq ($(CCACHE),)
+    $(info Using ccache: $(CCACHE))
+    CC := $(CCACHE) $(CC)
+    CXX := $(CCACHE) $(CXX)
+  else
+    $(warning ccache requested but not found in PATH)
+  endif
+endif
+
 missing_make_config_paths := $(shell				\
 	grep "\./\S*\|/\S*" -o $(CURDIR)/make_config.mk | 	\
 	while read path;					\
@@ -363,14 +384,16 @@ endif
 # TSAN doesn't work well with jemalloc. If we're compiling with TSAN, we should use regular malloc.
 ifdef COMPILE_WITH_TSAN
 	DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1
+	# Use a suppressions file instead of the process-wide TSAN default
+	# suppressions hook, which belongs to the final application.
+	TSAN_OPTIONS?=suppressions=$(CURDIR)/tools/tsan_suppressions.txt
+	export TSAN_OPTIONS
 	EXEC_LDFLAGS += -fsanitize=thread
 	PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -fsanitize=thread -fPIC -DFOLLY_SANITIZE_THREAD
 	PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -fsanitize=thread -fPIC -DFOLLY_SANITIZE_THREAD
         # Turn off -pg when enabling TSAN testing, because that induces
         # a link failure.  TODO: find the root cause
 	PROFILING_FLAGS =
-	# LUA is not supported under TSAN
-	LUA_PATH =
 	# Limit keys for crash test under TSAN to avoid error:
 	# "ThreadSanitizer: DenseSlabAllocator overflow. Dying."
 	CRASH_TEST_EXT_ARGS += --max_key=1000000
@@ -431,7 +454,7 @@ ifndef USE_FOLLY
 endif
 
 ifndef GTEST_THROW_ON_FAILURE
-	export GTEST_THROW_ON_FAILURE=1
+	export GTEST_THROW_ON_FAILURE=0
 endif
 ifndef GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 	export GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=1
@@ -447,72 +470,7 @@ else
 	PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -isystem $(GTEST_DIR)
 endif
 
-# This provides a Makefile simulation of a Meta-internal folly integration.
-# It is not validated for general use.
-#
-# USE_FOLLY links the build targets with libfolly.a. The latter could be
-# built using 'make build_folly', or built externally and specified in
-# the CXXFLAGS and EXTRA_LDFLAGS env variables. The build_detect_platform
-# script tries to detect if an external folly dependency has been specified.
-# If not, it exports FOLLY_PATH to the path of the installed Folly and
-# dependency libraries.
-#
-# USE_FOLLY_LITE cherry picks source files from Folly to include in the
-# RocksDB library. Its faster and has fewer dependencies on 3rd party
-# libraries, but with limited functionality. For example, coroutine
-# functionality is not available.
-ifeq ($(USE_FOLLY),1)
-ifeq ($(USE_FOLLY_LITE),1)
-$(error Please specify only one of USE_FOLLY and USE_FOLLY_LITE)
-endif
-ifneq ($(strip $(FOLLY_PATH)),)
-	BOOST_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../boost*))
-	DBL_CONV_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../double-conversion*))
-	GFLAGS_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../gflags*))
-	GLOG_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../glog*))
-	LIBEVENT_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../libevent*))
-	XZ_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../xz*))
-	LIBSODIUM_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../libsodium*))
-	FMT_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FOLLY_PATH)/../fmt*))
-
-	# For some reason, glog and fmt libraries are under either lib or lib64
-	GLOG_LIB_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(GLOG_PATH)/lib*))
-	FMT_LIB_PATH = $(shell (ls -d $(FMT_PATH)/lib*))
-
-	# AIX: pre-defined system headers are surrounded by an extern "C" block
-	ifeq ($(PLATFORM), OS_AIX)
-		PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -I$(BOOST_PATH)/include -I$(DBL_CONV_PATH)/include -I$(GLOG_PATH)/include -I$(LIBEVENT_PATH)/include -I$(XZ_PATH)/include -I$(LIBSODIUM_PATH)/include -I$(FOLLY_PATH)/include -I$(FMT_PATH)/include
-		PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -I$(BOOST_PATH)/include -I$(DBL_CONV_PATH)/include -I$(GLOG_PATH)/include -I$(LIBEVENT_PATH)/include -I$(XZ_PATH)/include -I$(LIBSODIUM_PATH)/include -I$(FOLLY_PATH)/include -I$(FMT_PATH)/include
-	else
-		PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -isystem $(BOOST_PATH)/include -isystem $(DBL_CONV_PATH)/include -isystem $(GLOG_PATH)/include -isystem $(LIBEVENT_PATH)/include -isystem $(XZ_PATH)/include -isystem $(LIBSODIUM_PATH)/include -isystem $(FOLLY_PATH)/include -isystem $(FMT_PATH)/include
-		PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -isystem $(BOOST_PATH)/include -isystem $(DBL_CONV_PATH)/include -isystem $(GLOG_PATH)/include -isystem $(LIBEVENT_PATH)/include -isystem $(XZ_PATH)/include -isystem $(LIBSODIUM_PATH)/include -isystem $(FOLLY_PATH)/include -isystem $(FMT_PATH)/include
-	endif
-
-	# Add -ldl at the end as gcc resolves a symbol in a library by searching only in libraries specified later
-	# in the command line
-	PLATFORM_LDFLAGS += $(FOLLY_PATH)/lib/libfolly.a $(BOOST_PATH)/lib/libboost_context.a $(BOOST_PATH)/lib/libboost_filesystem.a $(BOOST_PATH)/lib/libboost_atomic.a $(BOOST_PATH)/lib/libboost_program_options.a $(BOOST_PATH)/lib/libboost_regex.a $(BOOST_PATH)/lib/libboost_system.a $(BOOST_PATH)/lib/libboost_thread.a $(DBL_CONV_PATH)/lib/libdouble-conversion.a $(FMT_LIB_PATH)/libfmt.a $(GLOG_LIB_PATH)/libglog.so $(GFLAGS_PATH)/lib/libgflags.so.2.2 $(LIBEVENT_PATH)/lib/libevent-2.1.so -ldl
-	PLATFORM_LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath=$(GFLAGS_PATH)/lib -Wl,-rpath=$(GLOG_LIB_PATH) -Wl,-rpath=$(LIBEVENT_PATH)/lib -Wl,-rpath=$(LIBSODIUM_PATH)/lib -Wl,-rpath=$(LIBEVENT_PATH)/lib
-endif
-	PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -DUSE_FOLLY -DFOLLY_NO_CONFIG
-	PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_FOLLY -DFOLLY_NO_CONFIG
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(USE_FOLLY_LITE),1)
-	# Path to the Folly source code and include files
-	FOLLY_DIR = ./third-party/folly
-	# AIX: pre-defined system headers are surrounded by an extern "C" block
-	ifeq ($(PLATFORM), OS_AIX)
-		PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -I$(FOLLY_DIR)
-		PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -I$(FOLLY_DIR)
-	else
-		PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -isystem $(FOLLY_DIR)
-		PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -isystem $(FOLLY_DIR)
-	endif
-	PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -DUSE_FOLLY -DFOLLY_NO_CONFIG
-	PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_FOLLY -DFOLLY_NO_CONFIG
-# TODO: fix linking with fbcode compiler config
-	PLATFORM_LDFLAGS += -lglog
-endif
+include folly.mk
 
 ifdef TEST_CACHE_LINE_SIZE
   PLATFORM_CCFLAGS += -DTEST_CACHE_LINE_SIZE=$(TEST_CACHE_LINE_SIZE)
@@ -539,7 +497,8 @@ endif
 
 ifdef USE_CLANG
 	# Used by some teams in Facebook
-	WARNING_FLAGS += -Wshift-sign-overflow -Wambiguous-reversed-operator
+	WARNING_FLAGS += -Wshift-sign-overflow -Wambiguous-reversed-operator \
+	  -Wimplicit-fallthrough -Wreinterpret-base-class -Wundefined-reinterpret-cast
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(PLATFORM), OS_OPENBSD)
@@ -551,32 +510,6 @@ ifndef DISABLE_WARNING_AS_ERROR
 endif
 
 
-ifdef LUA_PATH
-
-ifndef LUA_INCLUDE
-LUA_INCLUDE=$(LUA_PATH)/include
-endif
-
-LUA_INCLUDE_FILE=$(LUA_INCLUDE)/lualib.h
-
-ifeq ("$(wildcard $(LUA_INCLUDE_FILE))", "")
-# LUA_INCLUDE_FILE does not exist
-$(error Cannot find lualib.h under $(LUA_INCLUDE).  Try to specify both LUA_PATH and LUA_INCLUDE manually)
-endif
-LUA_FLAGS = -I$(LUA_INCLUDE) -DLUA -DLUA_COMPAT_ALL
-CFLAGS += $(LUA_FLAGS)
-CXXFLAGS += $(LUA_FLAGS)
-
-ifndef LUA_LIB
-LUA_LIB = $(LUA_PATH)/lib/liblua.a
-endif
-ifeq ("$(wildcard $(LUA_LIB))", "") # LUA_LIB does not exist
-$(error $(LUA_LIB) does not exist.  Try to specify both LUA_PATH and LUA_LIB manually)
-endif
-EXEC_LDFLAGS += $(LUA_LIB)
-
-endif
-
 ifeq ($(NO_THREEWAY_CRC32C), 1)
 	CXXFLAGS += -DNO_THREEWAY_CRC32C
 endif
@@ -617,16 +550,22 @@ VALGRIND_VER := $(join $(VALGRIND_VER),valgrind)
 VALGRIND_OPTS = --error-exitcode=$(VALGRIND_ERROR) --leak-check=full
 # Not yet supported: --show-leak-kinds=definite,possible,reachable --errors-for-leak-kinds=definite,possible,reachable
 
+# Work around valgrind hanging on systems with limited internet access
+ifneq ($(shell which git 2>/dev/null && git config --get https.proxy),)
+  export DEBUGINFOD_URLS=
+endif
+
 TEST_OBJECTS = $(patsubst %.cc, $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o, $(TEST_LIB_SOURCES) $(MOCK_LIB_SOURCES)) $(GTEST)
 BENCH_OBJECTS = $(patsubst %.cc, $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o, $(BENCH_LIB_SOURCES))
 CACHE_BENCH_OBJECTS = $(patsubst %.cc, $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o, $(CACHE_BENCH_LIB_SOURCES))
+POINT_LOCK_BENCH_OBJECTS = $(patsubst %.cc, $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o, $(POINT_LOCK_BENCH_LIB_SOURCES))
 TOOL_OBJECTS = $(patsubst %.cc, $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o, $(TOOL_LIB_SOURCES))
 ANALYZE_OBJECTS = $(patsubst %.cc, $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o, $(ANALYZER_LIB_SOURCES))
 STRESS_OBJECTS =  $(patsubst %.cc, $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o, $(STRESS_LIB_SOURCES))
 
 # Exclude build_version.cc -- a generated source file -- from all sources.  Not needed for dependencies
 ALL_SOURCES  = $(filter-out util/build_version.cc, $(LIB_SOURCES)) $(TEST_LIB_SOURCES) $(MOCK_LIB_SOURCES) $(GTEST_DIR)/gtest/gtest-all.cc
-ALL_SOURCES += $(TOOL_LIB_SOURCES) $(BENCH_LIB_SOURCES) $(CACHE_BENCH_LIB_SOURCES) $(ANALYZER_LIB_SOURCES) $(STRESS_LIB_SOURCES)
+ALL_SOURCES += $(TOOL_LIB_SOURCES) $(BENCH_LIB_SOURCES) $(CACHE_BENCH_LIB_SOURCES) $(POINT_LOCK_BENCH_LIB_SOURCES) $(ANALYZER_LIB_SOURCES) $(STRESS_LIB_SOURCES)
 ALL_SOURCES += $(TEST_MAIN_SOURCES) $(TOOL_MAIN_SOURCES) $(BENCH_MAIN_SOURCES)
 ALL_SOURCES += $(ROCKSDB_PLUGIN_SOURCES) $(ROCKSDB_PLUGIN_TESTS)
 
@@ -635,26 +574,38 @@ TESTS = $(patsubst %.cc, %, $(notdir $(TEST_MAIN_SOURCES)))
 TESTS += $(patsubst %.c, %, $(notdir $(TEST_MAIN_SOURCES_C)))
 TESTS += $(PLUGIN_TESTS)
 
-# `make check-headers` to very that each header file includes its own
-# dependencies
+# `make check-headers` to verify that each header file includes its own deps
+# and that public headers do not depend on internal headers
 ifneq ($(filter check-headers, $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
 # TODO: add/support JNI headers
 	DEV_HEADER_DIRS := $(sort include/ $(dir $(ALL_SOURCES)))
 # Some headers like in port/ are platform-specific
-	DEV_HEADERS := $(shell $(FIND) $(DEV_HEADER_DIRS) -type f -name '*.h' | grep -E -v 'port/|plugin/|lua/|range_tree/')
+	DEV_HEADERS_TO_CHECK := $(shell $(FIND) $(DEV_HEADER_DIRS) -type f -name '*.h' | grep -E -v 'port/|plugin/|range_tree/|secondary_index/')
+	PUBLIC_HEADERS_TO_CHECK := $(shell $(FIND) include/ -type f -name '*.h')
 else
-	DEV_HEADERS :=
+	DEV_HEADERS_TO_CHECK :=
+	PUBLIC_HEADERS_TO_CHECK :=
 endif
-HEADER_OK_FILES = $(patsubst %.h, %.h.ok, $(DEV_HEADERS))
+HEADER_OK_FILES = $(patsubst %.h, %.h.ok, $(DEV_HEADERS_TO_CHECK)) \
+	$(patsubst %.h, %.h.pub, $(PUBLIC_HEADERS_TO_CHECK))
 
 AM_V_CCH = $(am__v_CCH_$(V))
 am__v_CCH_ = $(am__v_CCH_$(AM_DEFAULT_VERBOSITY))
 am__v_CCH_0 = @echo "  CC.h    " $<;
 am__v_CCH_1 =
 
+# verify headers include their own dependencies, under dev build settings
 %.h.ok: %.h # .h.ok not actually created, so re-checked on each invocation
 # -DROCKSDB_NAMESPACE=42 ensures the namespace header is included
-	$(AM_V_CCH) echo '#include "$<"' | $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -DROCKSDB_NAMESPACE=42 -x c++ -c - -o /dev/null
+	$(AM_V_CCH) echo '#include "$<"' | $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) \
+	  -DROCKSDB_NAMESPACE=42 -x c++ -c - -o /dev/null
+
+# verify public headers do not depend on internal headers, under typical
+# user build settings
+%.h.pub: %.h # .h.pub not actually created, so re-checked on each invocation
+	$(AM_V_CCH) cd include/ && echo '#include "$(patsubst include/%,%,$<)"' | \
+	  $(CXX) -std=$(or $(ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD),c++20) -I. -DROCKSDB_NAMESPACE=42 -x c++ -c - -o /dev/null
+	build_tools/check-public-header.sh $<
 
 check-headers: $(HEADER_OK_FILES)
 
@@ -674,25 +625,24 @@ endif
 
 ROCKSDBTESTS_SUBSET ?= $(TESTS)
 
-# c_test - doesn't use gtest
-# env_test - suspicious use of test::TmpDir
-# deletefile_test - serial because it generates giant temporary files in
-#   its various tests. Parallel can fill up your /dev/shm
-# db_bloom_filter_test - serial because excessive space usage by instances
-#   of DBFilterConstructionReserveMemoryTestWithParam can fill up /dev/shm
+# c_test - doesn't use gtest, can't be sharded
+# Other tests previously listed here (backup_engine_test, db_bloom_filter_test,
+# perf_context_test, etc.) were NON_PARALLEL due to /dev/shm memory concerns
+# when the old per-test-case sharding spawned thousands of processes. With the
+# new gtest-based sharding (GTEST_SHARD_SIZE=10, max NCORES*8 shards), at most
+# ~4 shards run concurrently on CI (4 cores), so peak memory is manageable
+# (4 * 1GB = 4GB << 16GB shm).
 NON_PARALLEL_TEST = \
 	c_test \
-	env_test \
-	deletefile_test \
-	db_bloom_filter_test \
 	$(PLUGIN_TESTS) \
 
-PARALLEL_TEST = $(filter-out $(NON_PARALLEL_TEST), $(TESTS))
+PARALLEL_TEST = $(filter-out $(NON_PARALLEL_TEST), $(ROCKSDBTESTS_SUBSET))
 
 # Not necessarily well thought out or up-to-date, but matches old list
 TESTS_PLATFORM_DEPENDENT := \
 	db_basic_test \
 	db_blob_basic_test \
+	db_blob_direct_write_test \
 	db_encryption_test \
 	external_sst_file_basic_test \
 	auto_roll_logger_test \
@@ -700,6 +650,7 @@ TESTS_PLATFORM_DEPENDENT := \
 	dynamic_bloom_test \
 	c_test \
 	checkpoint_test \
+	sorted_run_builder_test \
 	crc32c_test \
 	coding_test \
 	inlineskiplist_test \
@@ -858,9 +809,20 @@ endif  # PLATFORM_SHARED_EXT
 .PHONY: check clean coverage ldb_tests package dbg gen-pc build_size \
 	release tags tags0 valgrind_check format static_lib shared_lib all \
 	rocksdbjavastatic rocksdbjava install install-static install-shared \
-	uninstall analyze tools tools_lib check-headers checkout_folly
+	uninstall analyze tools tools_lib check-headers checkout_folly clang-tidy
 
-all: $(LIBRARY) $(BENCHMARKS) tools tools_lib test_libs $(TESTS)
+# Auto-configure git hooks on first build so developers do not need to run
+# "make install-hooks" manually. This is a no-op if already set.
+setup-hooks:
+	@if [ -d .git ] && [ -d githooks ]; then \
+		cur=$$(git config core.hooksPath 2>/dev/null); \
+		if [ "$$cur" != "githooks" ]; then \
+			git config core.hooksPath githooks; \
+			echo "git hooks: configured core.hooksPath = githooks"; \
+		fi; \
+	fi
+
+all: setup-hooks $(LIBRARY) $(BENCHMARKS) tools tools_lib test_libs $(TESTS)
 
 all_but_some_tests: $(LIBRARY) $(BENCHMARKS) tools tools_lib test_libs $(ROCKSDBTESTS_SUBSET)
 
@@ -924,21 +886,42 @@ coverage: clean
 
 parallel_tests = $(patsubst %,parallel_%,$(PARALLEL_TEST))
 .PHONY: gen_parallel_tests $(parallel_tests)
+# Shard size controls how many test cases run per process. The actual number
+# of shards per binary is: min(ceil(test_count / GTEST_SHARD_SIZE), NCORES * 8)
+# This adapts to machine size: many small shards on beefy machines, fewer
+# larger shards on CI (typically 2-4 cores).
+GTEST_SHARD_SIZE ?= 10
+NCORES ?= $(shell nproc 2>/dev/null || sysctl -n hw.ncpu 2>/dev/null || echo 4)
+
 $(parallel_tests):
 	$(AM_V_at)TEST_BINARY=$(patsubst parallel_%,%,$@); \
-  TEST_NAMES=` \
-    (./$$TEST_BINARY --gtest_list_tests || echo "  $${TEST_BINARY}__list_tests_failure") \
-    | awk '/^[^ ]/ { prefix = $$1 } /^[ ]/ { print prefix $$1 }'`; \
-	echo "  Generating parallel test scripts for $$TEST_BINARY"; \
-	for TEST_NAME in $$TEST_NAMES; do \
-		TEST_SCRIPT=t/run-$$TEST_BINARY-$${TEST_NAME//\//-}; \
+  TEST_COUNT=` \
+    (./$$TEST_BINARY --gtest_list_tests 2>/dev/null || echo "  list_failure") \
+    | grep -c '^ '`; \
+	if [ "$$TEST_COUNT" -le 0 ]; then TEST_COUNT=1; fi; \
+	MAX_SHARDS=$$(( $(NCORES) * 8 )); \
+	NUM_SHARDS=$$(( (TEST_COUNT + $(GTEST_SHARD_SIZE) - 1) / $(GTEST_SHARD_SIZE) )); \
+	if [ "$$NUM_SHARDS" -gt "$$MAX_SHARDS" ]; then NUM_SHARDS=$$MAX_SHARDS; fi; \
+	if [ "$$NUM_SHARDS" -le 0 ]; then NUM_SHARDS=1; fi; \
+	echo "  Generating $$NUM_SHARDS shards for $$TEST_BINARY ($$TEST_COUNT tests)"; \
+	SHARD_IDX=0; \
+	while [ "$$SHARD_IDX" -lt "$$NUM_SHARDS" ]; do \
+		if [ -n "$(CI_TOTAL_SHARDS)" ] && [ $$(( $$SHARD_IDX % $(CI_TOTAL_SHARDS) )) -ne $(CI_SHARD_INDEX) ]; then \
+			SHARD_IDX=$$((SHARD_IDX + 1)); \
+			continue; \
+		fi; \
+		TEST_SCRIPT=t/run-$$TEST_BINARY-shard-$$SHARD_IDX; \
     printf '%s\n' \
       '#!/bin/sh' \
       "d=\$(TEST_TMPDIR)$$TEST_SCRIPT" \
       'mkdir -p $$d' \
-      "TEST_TMPDIR=\$$d $(DRIVER) ./$$TEST_BINARY --gtest_filter=$$TEST_NAME" \
+      "TEST_TMPDIR=\$$d GTEST_TOTAL_SHARDS=$$NUM_SHARDS GTEST_SHARD_INDEX=$$SHARD_IDX $(DRIVER) ./$$TEST_BINARY" \
+      'test_retcode=$$?' \
+      '[ $$test_retcode -eq 0 ] && rm -rf $$d' \
+      'exit $$test_retcode' \
 		> $$TEST_SCRIPT; \
 		chmod a=rx $$TEST_SCRIPT; \
+		SHARD_IDX=$$((SHARD_IDX + 1)); \
 	done
 
 gen_parallel_tests:
@@ -962,8 +945,10 @@ gen_parallel_tests:
 # 152.120 PASS t/DBTest.FileCreationRandomFailure
 # 107.816 PASS t/DBTest.EncodeDecompressedBlockSizeTest
 #
+# With sharded test execution, prioritize binaries known to be slow.
+# These generate many shards and should start early for good load balancing.
 slow_test_regexp = \
-	^.*MySQLStyleTransactionTest.*$$|^.*SnapshotConcurrentAccessTest.*$$|^.*SeqAdvanceConcurrentTest.*$$|^t/run-table_test-HarnessTest.Randomized$$|^t/run-db_test-.*(?:FileCreationRandomFailure|EncodeDecompressedBlockSizeTest)$$|^.*RecoverFromCorruptedWALWithoutFlush$$
+	^.*block_based_table_reader_test.*$$|^.*table_test.*$$|^.*block_test.*$$|^.*write_prepared_transaction_test.*$$|^.*transaction_test.*$$|^.*external_sst_file_test.*$$|^.*db_wal_test.*$$|^.*db_with_timestamp_basic_test.*$$|^.*db_test-.*$$
 prioritize_long_running_tests =						\
   perl -pe 's,($(slow_test_regexp)),100 $$1,'				\
     | sort -k1,1gr							\
@@ -994,11 +979,17 @@ endif
 
 .PHONY: check_0
 check_0:
-	printf '%s\n' ''						\
+	@printf '%s\n' ''						\
 	  'To monitor subtest <duration,pass/fail,name>,'		\
 	  '  run "make watch-log" in a separate window' '';		\
 	{ \
-		printf './%s\n' $(filter-out $(PARALLEL_TEST),$(TESTS)); \
+		NON_PARALLEL_LIST="$(filter-out $(PARALLEL_TEST),$(ROCKSDBTESTS_SUBSET))"; \
+		if [ -n "$$NON_PARALLEL_LIST" ]; then \
+		  printf './%s\n' $$NON_PARALLEL_LIST \
+		    | if [ -n "$(CI_TOTAL_SHARDS)" ]; then \
+		        awk -v s=$(CI_SHARD_INDEX) -v n=$(CI_TOTAL_SHARDS) '(NR-1)%n==s'; \
+		      else cat; fi; \
+		fi; \
 		find t -name 'run-*' -print; \
 	} \
 	  | $(prioritize_long_running_tests)				\
@@ -1016,7 +1007,7 @@ valgrind-exclude-regexp = InlineSkipTest.ConcurrentInsert|TransactionStressTest.
 .PHONY: valgrind_check_0
 valgrind_check_0: test_log_prefix := valgrind_
 valgrind_check_0:
-	printf '%s\n' ''						\
+	@printf '%s\n' ''						\
 	  'To monitor subtest <duration,pass/fail,name>,'		\
 	  '  run "make watch-log" in a separate window' '';		\
 	{								\
@@ -1046,9 +1037,19 @@ watch-log:
 dump-log:
 	bash -c '$(quoted_perl_command)' < LOG
 
+# Machine-parseable progress output for automated monitoring (e.g., Claude Code)
+# Outputs JSON: {"status":"running","completed":45,"total":100,"failed":0,"percent":45,"eta_seconds":120}
+check-progress:
+	@build_tools/check_progress.sh
+
 # If J != 1 and GNU parallel is installed, run the tests in parallel,
 # via the check_0 rule above.  Otherwise, run them sequentially.
 check: all
+	$(AM_V_at)echo "Cleaning up stale test directories older than 3 hours..."; \
+	  test_tmpdir_parent=$$(dirname $(TEST_TMPDIR)); \
+	  find $$test_tmpdir_parent -maxdepth 1 -name 'rocksdb.*' -type d \
+	    -mmin +180 -exec rm -rf {} + 2>/dev/null; \
+	  true
 	$(MAKE) gen_parallel_tests
 	$(AM_V_GEN)if test "$(J)" != 1                                  \
 	    && (build_tools/gnu_parallel --gnu --help 2>/dev/null) |                    \
@@ -1064,6 +1065,7 @@ ifneq ($(PLATFORM), OS_AIX)
 	$(PYTHON) tools/check_all_python.py
 ifndef ASSERT_STATUS_CHECKED # not yet working with these tests
 	$(PYTHON) tools/ldb_test.py
+	$(PYTHON) tools/db_crashtest_test.py
 	sh tools/rocksdb_dump_test.sh
 endif
 endif
@@ -1071,6 +1073,7 @@ ifndef SKIP_FORMAT_BUCK_CHECKS
 	$(MAKE) check-format
 	$(MAKE) check-buck-targets
 	$(MAKE) check-sources
+	$(MAKE) check-workflow-yaml
 endif
 
 # TODO add ldb_tests
@@ -1081,6 +1084,10 @@ check_some: $(ROCKSDBTESTS_SUBSET)
 ldb_tests: ldb
 	$(PYTHON) tools/ldb_test.py
 
+.PHONY: db_crashtest_tests
+db_crashtest_tests:
+	$(PYTHON) tools/db_crashtest_test.py
+
 include crash_test.mk
 
 asan_check: clean
@@ -1140,16 +1147,16 @@ ubsan_crash_test_with_best_efforts_recovery: clean
 	$(MAKE) clean
 
 full_valgrind_test:
-	ROCKSDB_FULL_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check
+	ROCKSDB_FULL_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 PORTABLE=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check
 
 full_valgrind_test_some:
-	ROCKSDB_FULL_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check_some
+	ROCKSDB_FULL_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 PORTABLE=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check_some
 
 valgrind_test:
-	ROCKSDB_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check
+	ROCKSDB_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 PORTABLE=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check
 
 valgrind_test_some:
-	ROCKSDB_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check_some
+	ROCKSDB_VALGRIND_RUN=1 DISABLE_JEMALLOC=1 PORTABLE=1 $(MAKE) valgrind_check_some
 
 valgrind_check: $(TESTS)
 	$(MAKE) DRIVER="$(VALGRIND_VER) $(VALGRIND_OPTS)" gen_parallel_tests
@@ -1257,15 +1264,59 @@ tags0:
 format:
 	build_tools/format-diff.sh
 
+# Non-interactive format (auto-apply without prompts, for CI/automation/Claude Code)
+format-auto:
+	build_tools/format-diff.sh -y
+
 check-format:
 	build_tools/format-diff.sh -c
 
+
+# Crude alternative to setup-hooks: copies hooks into .git/hooks/ instead of
+# using core.hooksPath. The copies won't track changes to githooks/.
+install-hooks:
+	@echo "Installing git hooks from githooks/..."
+	@if [ -d githooks ]; then \
+		for hook in githooks/*; do \
+			hook_name=$$(basename "$$hook"); \
+			cp "$$hook" .git/hooks/"$$hook_name"; \
+			chmod +x .git/hooks/"$$hook_name"; \
+			echo "  Installed $$hook_name"; \
+		done; \
+		echo "Done. Hooks installed to .git/hooks/"; \
+	else \
+		echo "Error: githooks/ directory not found"; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi
+
+# Reverse of install-hooks (not needed if using setup-hooks / core.hooksPath).
+uninstall-hooks:
+	@echo "Removing installed git hooks..."
+	@for hook in githooks/*; do \
+		hook_name=$$(basename "$$hook"); \
+		rm -f .git/hooks/"$$hook_name"; \
+		echo "  Removed $$hook_name"; \
+	done
+	@echo "Done."
+
 check-buck-targets:
 	buckifier/check_buck_targets.sh
 
 check-sources:
 	build_tools/check-sources.sh
 
+check-workflow-yaml:
+	build_tools/check-workflow-yaml.sh
+
+# Run clang-tidy on locally changed files, filtered to changed lines only.
+# Requires compile_commands.json (generate with cmake -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON).
+# Override CLANG_TIDY_BINARY and CLANG_TIDY_JOBS as needed:
+#   make clang-tidy CLANG_TIDY_BINARY=/usr/bin/clang-tidy CLANG_TIDY_JOBS=8
+CLANG_TIDY_BINARY ?= /opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang-tidy
+CLANG_TIDY_JOBS ?= $(shell nproc 2>/dev/null || sysctl -n hw.ncpu 2>/dev/null || echo 4)
+clang-tidy:
+	python3 tools/run_clang_tidy.py --clang-tidy-binary $(CLANG_TIDY_BINARY) -j $(CLANG_TIDY_JOBS)
+
 package:
 	bash build_tools/make_package.sh $(SHARED_MAJOR).$(SHARED_MINOR)
 
@@ -1316,6 +1367,9 @@ block_cache_trace_analyzer: $(OBJ_DIR)/tools/block_cache_analyzer/block_cache_tr
 cache_bench: $(OBJ_DIR)/cache/cache_bench.o $(CACHE_BENCH_OBJECTS) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+point_lock_bench: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_bench.o $(POINT_LOCK_BENCH_OBJECTS) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 persistent_cache_bench: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/persistent_cache/persistent_cache_bench.o $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1328,6 +1382,9 @@ filter_bench: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/filter_bench.o $(LIBRARY)
 db_stress: $(OBJ_DIR)/db_stress_tool/db_stress.o $(STRESS_LIBRARY) $(TOOLS_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+db_stress_compression_manager: $(OBJ_DIR)/db_stress_tool/db_stress_compression_manager.o $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 write_stress: $(OBJ_DIR)/tools/write_stress.o $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1393,13 +1450,13 @@ agg_merge_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/agg_merge/agg_merge_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY)
 stringappend_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/merge_operators/string_append/stringappend_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
-cassandra_format_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/cassandra_format_test.o $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/test_utils.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+cassandra_format_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/cassandra_format_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
-cassandra_functional_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/cassandra_functional_test.o $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/test_utils.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+cassandra_functional_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/cassandra_functional_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
-cassandra_row_merge_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/cassandra_row_merge_test.o $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/test_utils.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+cassandra_row_merge_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/cassandra_row_merge_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
 cassandra_serialize_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/cassandra/cassandra_serialize_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
@@ -1438,6 +1495,9 @@ db_basic_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_basic_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 db_blob_basic_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/blob/db_blob_basic_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+db_blob_direct_write_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/blob/db_blob_direct_write_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 db_blob_compaction_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/blob/db_blob_compaction_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1447,6 +1507,9 @@ db_readonly_with_timestamp_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_readonly_with_timestamp_test.o
 db_wide_basic_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/wide/db_wide_basic_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+db_wide_blob_direct_write_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/wide/db_wide_blob_direct_write_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 db_with_timestamp_basic_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_with_timestamp_basic_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1456,12 +1519,21 @@ db_with_timestamp_compaction_test: db/db_with_timestamp_compaction_test.o $(TEST
 db_encryption_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_encryption_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+db_open_with_config_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_open_with_config_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 db_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
 db_test2: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_test2.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+db_etc3_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_etc3_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
+compression_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/compression_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 db_logical_block_size_cache_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_logical_block_size_cache_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1483,6 +1555,9 @@ db_compaction_filter_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_compaction_filter_test.o $(TEST_LIBR
 db_compaction_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_compaction_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+db_compaction_abort_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_compaction_abort_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 db_clip_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_clip_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1591,6 +1666,9 @@ backup_engine_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/backup/backup_engine_test.o $(TEST_LIBR
 checkpoint_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/checkpoint/checkpoint_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+sorted_run_builder_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/sorted_run_builder/sorted_run_builder_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 cache_simulator_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/simulator_cache/cache_simulator_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1609,6 +1687,15 @@ object_registry_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/object_registry_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY
 ttl_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/ttl/ttl_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+trie_index_db_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/trie_index/trie_index_db_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
+trie_index_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/trie_index/trie_index_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
+types_util_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/types_util_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 write_batch_with_index_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/write_batch_with_index/write_batch_with_index_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1627,6 +1714,9 @@ compaction_job_stats_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/compaction/compaction_job_stats_test.o
 compaction_service_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/compaction/compaction_service_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+compact_for_tiering_collector_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_for_tiering_collector_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 compact_on_deletion_collector_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/table_properties_collectors/compact_on_deletion_collector_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1639,6 +1729,9 @@ wal_edit_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/wal_edit_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 dbformat_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/dbformat_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+multi_cf_iterator_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/multi_cf_iterator_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 env_basic_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/env/env_basic_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1651,6 +1744,9 @@ io_posix_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/env/io_posix_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 fault_injection_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/fault_injection_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+fault_injection_fs_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/fault_injection_fs_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 rate_limiter_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/rate_limiter_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1768,6 +1864,9 @@ cuckoo_table_db_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/cuckoo_table_db_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIB
 listener_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/listener_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+string_util_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/string_util_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 thread_list_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/thread_list_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1834,6 +1933,9 @@ heap_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/heap_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 point_lock_manager_test: utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_manager_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+point_lock_manager_stress_test: utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_manager_stress_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 transaction_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/transactions/transaction_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1843,6 +1945,9 @@ write_committed_transaction_ts_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/transactions/write_com
 write_prepared_transaction_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/transactions/write_prepared_transaction_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+write_prepared_transaction_seqno_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/transactions/write_prepared_transaction_seqno_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 write_unprepared_transaction_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/utilities/transactions/write_unprepared_transaction_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1912,6 +2017,9 @@ sst_file_reader_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/table/sst_file_reader_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(
 db_secondary_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_secondary_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+db_follower_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/db_follower_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 block_cache_tracer_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/trace_replay/block_cache_tracer_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1945,6 +2053,9 @@ blob_source_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/blob/blob_source_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRAR
 blob_garbage_meter_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/blob/blob_garbage_meter_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+io_dispatcher_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/io_dispatcher_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 timer_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/timer_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
@@ -1990,6 +2101,9 @@ wide_column_serialization_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/wide/wide_column_serialization_tes
 wide_columns_helper_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/db/wide/wide_columns_helper_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
 	$(AM_LINK)
 
+interval_test: $(OBJ_DIR)/util/interval_test.o $(TEST_LIBRARY) $(LIBRARY)
+	$(AM_LINK)
+
 #-------------------------------------------------
 # make install related stuff
 PREFIX ?= /usr/local
@@ -2060,7 +2174,7 @@ JAVA_INCLUDE = -I$(JAVA_HOME)/include/ -I$(JAVA_HOME)/include/linux
 ifeq ($(PLATFORM), OS_SOLARIS)
 	ARCH := $(shell isainfo -b)
 else ifeq ($(PLATFORM), OS_OPENBSD)
-	ifneq (,$(filter amd64 ppc64 ppc64le s390x arm64 aarch64 sparc64 loongarch64, $(MACHINE)))
+	ifneq (,$(filter amd64 ppc64 ppc64le s390x arm64 aarch64 riscv64 sparc64 loongarch64, $(MACHINE)))
 		ARCH := 64
 	else
 		ARCH := 32
@@ -2081,7 +2195,7 @@ ifneq ($(origin JNI_LIBC), undefined)
 endif
 
 ifeq (,$(ROCKSDBJNILIB))
-ifneq (,$(filter ppc% s390x arm64 aarch64 sparc64 loongarch64, $(MACHINE)))
+ifneq (,$(filter ppc% s390x arm64 aarch64 riscv64 sparc64 loongarch64, $(MACHINE)))
 	ROCKSDBJNILIB = librocksdbjni-linux-$(MACHINE)$(JNI_LIBC_POSTFIX).so
 else
 	ROCKSDBJNILIB = librocksdbjni-linux$(ARCH)$(JNI_LIBC_POSTFIX).so
@@ -2094,20 +2208,20 @@ ROCKSDB_JAVADOCS_JAR = rocksdbjni-$(ROCKSDB_JAVA_VERSION)-javadoc.jar
 ROCKSDB_SOURCES_JAR = rocksdbjni-$(ROCKSDB_JAVA_VERSION)-sources.jar
 SHA256_CMD = sha256sum
 
-ZLIB_VER ?= 1.3
-ZLIB_SHA256 ?= ff0ba4c292013dbc27530b3a81e1f9a813cd39de01ca5e0f8bf355702efa593e
+ZLIB_VER ?= 1.3.1
+ZLIB_SHA256 ?= 9a93b2b7dfdac77ceba5a558a580e74667dd6fede4585b91eefb60f03b72df23
 ZLIB_DOWNLOAD_BASE ?= http://zlib.net
 BZIP2_VER ?= 1.0.8
 BZIP2_SHA256 ?= ab5a03176ee106d3f0fa90e381da478ddae405918153cca248e682cd0c4a2269
 BZIP2_DOWNLOAD_BASE ?= http://sourceware.org/pub/bzip2
-SNAPPY_VER ?= 1.1.8
-SNAPPY_SHA256 ?= 16b677f07832a612b0836178db7f374e414f94657c138e6993cbfc5dcc58651f
+SNAPPY_VER ?= 1.2.2
+SNAPPY_SHA256 ?= 90f74bc1fbf78a6c56b3c4a082a05103b3a56bb17bca1a27e052ea11723292dc
 SNAPPY_DOWNLOAD_BASE ?= https://github.com/google/snappy/archive
-LZ4_VER ?= 1.9.4
-LZ4_SHA256 ?= 0b0e3aa07c8c063ddf40b082bdf7e37a1562bda40a0ff5272957f3e987e0e54b
+LZ4_VER ?= 1.10.0
+LZ4_SHA256 ?= 537512904744b35e232912055ccf8ec66d768639ff3abe5788d90d792ec5f48b
 LZ4_DOWNLOAD_BASE ?= https://github.com/lz4/lz4/archive
-ZSTD_VER ?= 1.5.5
-ZSTD_SHA256 ?= 98e9c3d949d1b924e28e01eccb7deed865eefebf25c2f21c702e5cd5b63b85e1
+ZSTD_VER ?= 1.5.7
+ZSTD_SHA256 ?= 37d7284556b20954e56e1ca85b80226768902e2edabd3b649e9e72c0c9012ee3
 ZSTD_DOWNLOAD_BASE ?= https://github.com/facebook/zstd/archive
 CURL_SSL_OPTS ?= --tlsv1
 
@@ -2198,7 +2312,7 @@ libsnappy.a: snappy-$(SNAPPY_VER).tar.gz
 	-rm -rf snappy-$(SNAPPY_VER)
 	tar xvzf snappy-$(SNAPPY_VER).tar.gz
 	mkdir snappy-$(SNAPPY_VER)/build
-	cd snappy-$(SNAPPY_VER)/build && CFLAGS='$(ARCHFLAG) ${JAVA_STATIC_DEPS_CCFLAGS} ${EXTRA_CFLAGS}' CXXFLAGS='$(ARCHFLAG) ${JAVA_STATIC_DEPS_CXXFLAGS} ${EXTRA_CXXFLAGS}' LDFLAGS='${JAVA_STATIC_DEPS_LDFLAGS} ${EXTRA_LDFLAGS}' cmake -DCMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE=ON ${PLATFORM_CMAKE_FLAGS} .. && $(MAKE) ${SNAPPY_MAKE_TARGET}
+	cd snappy-$(SNAPPY_VER)/build && CFLAGS='$(ARCHFLAG) ${JAVA_STATIC_DEPS_CCFLAGS} ${EXTRA_CFLAGS}' CXXFLAGS='$(ARCHFLAG) ${JAVA_STATIC_DEPS_CXXFLAGS} ${EXTRA_CXXFLAGS}' LDFLAGS='${JAVA_STATIC_DEPS_LDFLAGS} ${EXTRA_LDFLAGS}' cmake -DCMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE=ON -DSNAPPY_BUILD_BENCHMARKS=OFF -DSNAPPY_BUILD_TESTS=OFF ${PLATFORM_CMAKE_FLAGS} .. && $(MAKE) ${SNAPPY_MAKE_TARGET}
 	cp snappy-$(SNAPPY_VER)/build/libsnappy.a .
 
 lz4-$(LZ4_VER).tar.gz:
@@ -2328,43 +2442,47 @@ rocksdbjavastaticreleasedocker: rocksdbjavastaticosx rocksdbjavastaticdockerx86
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerx86:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x86-be --platform linux/386 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos6_x86-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-centos.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x86-be --platform linux/386 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos7_x86-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerx86_64:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x64-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos6_x64-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-centos.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x64-be --platform linux/amd64 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos7_x64-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerppc64le:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_ppc64le-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos7_ppc64le-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-centos.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_ppc64le-be --platform linux/ppc64le --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos7_ppc64le-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerarm64v8:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_arm64v8-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos7_arm64v8-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-centos.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_arm64v8-be --platform linux/aarch64 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:centos7_arm64v8-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockers390x:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_s390x-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:ubuntu18_s390x-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-centos.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_s390x-be --platform linux/s390x --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:ubuntu18_s390x-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
+
+rocksdbjavastaticdockerriscv64:
+	mkdir -p java/target
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_riscv64-be --platform linux/riscv64 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:ubuntu20_riscv64-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerx86musl:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x86-musl-be --platform linux/386 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_x86-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-alpine.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x86-musl-be --platform linux/386 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_x86-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerx86_64musl:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x64-musl-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_x64-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-alpine.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_x64-musl-be --platform linux/amd64 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_x64-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerppc64lemusl:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_ppc64le-musl-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_ppc64le-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-alpine.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_ppc64le-musl-be --platform linux/ppc64le --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_ppc64le-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockerarm64v8musl:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_arm64v8-musl-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_arm64v8-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-alpine.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_arm64v8-musl-be --platform linux/aarch64 --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_arm64v8-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticdockers390xmusl:
 	mkdir -p java/target
-	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_s390x-musl-be --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_s390x-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux-alpine.sh
+	docker run --rm --name rocksdb_linux_s390x-musl-be --platform linux/s390x --attach stdin --attach stdout --attach stderr --volume $(HOME)/.m2:/root/.m2:ro --volume `pwd`:/rocksdb-host:ro --volume /rocksdb-local-build --volume `pwd`/java/target:/rocksdb-java-target --env DEBUG_LEVEL=$(DEBUG_LEVEL) --env J=$(J) evolvedbinary/rocksjava:alpine3_s390x-be /rocksdb-host/java/crossbuild/docker-build-linux.sh
 
 rocksdbjavastaticpublish: rocksdbjavastaticrelease rocksdbjavastaticpublishcentral
 
@@ -2419,8 +2537,8 @@ jtest_run:
 jtest: rocksdbjava
 	cd java;$(MAKE) sample test
 
-jpmd: rocksdbjava rocksdbjavageneratepom
-	cd java;$(MAKE) pmd
+jpmd: rocksdbjavageneratepom
+	cd java;$(MAKE) java java_test pmd
 
 jdb_bench:
 	cd java;$(MAKE) db_bench;
@@ -2430,41 +2548,6 @@ commit_prereq:
 	false # J=$(J) build_tools/precommit_checker.py unit clang_unit release clang_release tsan asan ubsan lite unit_non_shm
 	# $(MAKE) clean && $(MAKE) jclean && $(MAKE) rocksdbjava;
 
-# For public CI runs, checkout folly in a way that can build with RocksDB.
-# This is mostly intended as a test-only simulation of Meta-internal folly
-# integration.
-checkout_folly:
-	if [ -e third-party/folly ]; then \
-		cd third-party/folly && ${GIT_COMMAND} fetch origin; \
-	else \
-		cd third-party && ${GIT_COMMAND} clone https://github.com/facebook/folly.git; \
-	fi
-	@# Pin to a particular version for public CI, so that PR authors don't
-	@# need to worry about folly breaking our integration. Update periodically
-	cd third-party/folly && git reset --hard beacd86d63cd71c904632262e6c36f60874d78ba
-	@# A hack to remove boost dependency.
-	@# NOTE: this hack is only needed if building using USE_FOLLY_LITE
-	perl -pi -e 's/^(#include <boost)/\/\/$$1/' third-party/folly/folly/functional/Invoke.h
-	@# NOTE: this hack is required for clang in some cases
-	perl -pi -e 's/int rv = syscall/int rv = (int)syscall/' third-party/folly/folly/detail/Futex.cpp
-	@# NOTE: this hack is required for gcc in some cases
-	perl -pi -e 's/(__has_include.<experimental.memory_resource>.)/__cpp_rtti && $$1/' third-party/folly/folly/memory/MemoryResource.h
-
-CXX_M_FLAGS = $(filter -m%, $(CXXFLAGS))
-
-build_folly:
-	FOLLY_INST_PATH=`cd third-party/folly; $(PYTHON) build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-inst-dir`; \
-	if [ "$$FOLLY_INST_PATH" ]; then \
-		rm -rf $${FOLLY_INST_PATH}/../../*; \
-	else \
-		echo "Please run checkout_folly first"; \
-		false; \
-	fi
-	# Restore the original version of Invoke.h with boost dependency
-	cd third-party/folly && ${GIT_COMMAND} checkout folly/functional/Invoke.h
-	cd third-party/folly && \
-		CXXFLAGS=" $(CXX_M_FLAGS) -DHAVE_CXX11_ATOMIC " $(PYTHON) build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py build --no-tests
-
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   Build size testing
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -2585,7 +2668,7 @@ list_all_tests:
 
 # Remove the rules for which dependencies should not be generated and see if any are left.
 #If so, include the dependencies; if not, do not include the dependency files
-ROCKS_DEP_RULES=$(filter-out clean format check-format check-buck-targets check-headers check-sources jclean jtest package analyze tags rocksdbjavastatic% unity.% unity_test checkout_folly, $(MAKECMDGOALS))
+ROCKS_DEP_RULES=$(filter-out clean format check-format check-buck-targets check-headers check-sources check-workflow-yaml clang-tidy jclean jtest package analyze tags rocksdbjavastatic% unity.% unity_test checkout_folly, $(MAKECMDGOALS))
 ifneq ("$(ROCKS_DEP_RULES)", "")
 -include $(DEPFILES)
 endif

PLUGINS.md

@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@ This is the list of all known third-party plugins for RocksDB. If something is m
 * [ZenFS](https://github.com/westerndigitalcorporation/zenfs): a file system for zoned block devices
 * [RADOS](https://github.com/riversand963/rocksdb-rados-env): an Env used for interacting with RADOS. Migrated from RocksDB main repo.
 * [PMEM](https://github.com/pmem/pmem-rocksdb-plugin): a collection of plugins to enable Persistent Memory on RocksDB.
-* [IPPCP](https://github.com/intel/ippcp-plugin-rocksdb): a plugin to enable encryption on RocksDB based on Intel optimized open source IPP-Crypto library.
+* [IPPCP](https://github.com/intel/ippcp-plugin-rocksdb): a plugin to enable encryption on RocksDB based on Intel optimized open source IPP-Crypto library.
+* [encfs](https://github.com/pegasus-kv/encfs): a plugin to enable encryption on RocksDB based on OpenSSL library.

USERS.md

@@ -38,12 +38,11 @@ Snowflake [uses](https://www.snowflake.com/blog/how-foundationdb-powers-snowflak
 The Bing search engine from Microsoft uses RocksDB as the storage engine for its web data platform: https://blogs.bing.com/Engineering-Blog/october-2021/RocksDB-in-Microsoft-Bing
 
 ## LinkedIn
-Two different use cases at Linkedin are using RocksDB as a storage engine:
+1. [Venice](https://venicedb.org/) is a derived data platform using RocksDB as its storage engine. It is LinkedIn's ML feature store, powering thousands of recommender use cases, including the Feed, Video recommendations, and People You May Know.
+2. LinkedIn's follow feed for storing user's activities. Check out the blog post: https://engineering.linkedin.com/blog/2016/03/followfeed--linkedin-s-feed-made-faster-and-smarter
+3. Apache Samza, open source framework for stream processing.
 
-1. LinkedIn's follow feed for storing user's activities. Check out the blog post: https://engineering.linkedin.com/blog/2016/03/followfeed--linkedin-s-feed-made-faster-and-smarter
-2. Apache Samza, open source framework for stream processing
-
-Learn more about those use cases in a Tech Talk by Ankit Gupta and Naveen Somasundaram: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=plqVp_OnSzg
+Learn more about LinkedIn's follow feed and Apache Samza in a Tech Talk by Ankit Gupta and Naveen Somasundaram: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=plqVp_OnSzg
 
 ## Yahoo
 Yahoo is using RocksDB as a storage engine for their biggest distributed data store Sherpa. Learn more about it here: http://yahooeng.tumblr.com/post/120730204806/sherpa-scales-new-heights
@@ -152,6 +151,9 @@ LzLabs is using RocksDB as a storage engine in their multi-database distributed
 ## ArangoDB
 [ArangoDB](https://www.arangodb.com/) is a native multi-model database with flexible data models for documents, graphs, and key-values, for building high performance applications using a convenient SQL-like query language or JavaScript extensions. It uses RocksDB as its storage engine.
 
+## Qdrant
+[Qdrant](https://qdrant.tech/) is an open source vector database, it [uses](https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/storage/) RocksDB as its persistent storage.
+
 ## Milvus
 [Milvus](https://milvus.io/) is an open source vector database for unstructured data. It uses RocksDB not only as one of the supported kv storage engines, but also as a message queue.
 

buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
 
 try:
     from builtins import str
@@ -11,14 +10,14 @@ import json
 import os
 import sys
 
-from targets_builder import TARGETSBuilder
+from targets_builder import TARGETSBuilder, LiteralValue
 
 from util import ColorString
 
-# This script generates TARGETS file for Buck.
+# This script generates BUCK file for Buck.
 # Buck is a build tool specifying dependencies among different build targets.
 # User can pass extra dependencies as a JSON object via command line, and this
-# script can include these dependencies in the generate TARGETS file.
+# script can include these dependencies in the generate BUCK file.
 # Usage:
 # $python3 buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py
 # (This generates a TARGET file without user-specified dependency for unit
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ from util import ColorString
 #                      "extra_compiler_flags": ["-DFOO_BAR", "-Os"]
 #                  }
 #         }'
-# (Generated TARGETS file has test_dep and mock1 as dependencies for RocksDB
+# (Generated BUCK file has test_dep and mock1 as dependencies for RocksDB
 # unit tests, and will use the extra_compiler_flags to compile the unit test
 # source.)
 
@@ -115,9 +114,9 @@ def get_dependencies():
     return deps_map
 
 
-# Prepare TARGETS file for buck
-def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
-    print(ColorString.info("Generating TARGETS"))
+# Prepare BUCK file for buck
+def generate_buck(repo_path, deps_map):
+    print(ColorString.info("Generating BUCK"))
     # parsed src.mk file
     src_mk = parse_src_mk(repo_path)
     # get all .cc files
@@ -132,38 +131,50 @@ def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
     if len(sys.argv) >= 2:
         # Heuristically quote and canonicalize whitespace for inclusion
         # in how the file was generated.
-        extra_argv = " '{0}'".format(" ".join(sys.argv[1].split()))
+        extra_argv = " '{}'".format(" ".join(sys.argv[1].split()))
 
-    TARGETS = TARGETSBuilder("%s/TARGETS" % repo_path, extra_argv)
+    BUCK = TARGETSBuilder("%s/BUCK" % repo_path, extra_argv)
+
+    # Add oncall("rocksdb_point_of_contact") at the top
+    BUCK.add_oncall("rocksdb_point_of_contact")
 
     # rocksdb_lib
-    TARGETS.add_library(
+    BUCK.add_library(
         "rocksdb_lib",
         src_mk["LIB_SOURCES"] +
         # always add range_tree, it's only excluded on ppc64, which we don't use internally
         src_mk["RANGE_TREE_SOURCES"] + src_mk["TOOL_LIB_SOURCES"],
         deps=[
             "//folly/container:f14_hash",
-            "//folly/experimental/coro:blocking_wait",
-            "//folly/experimental/coro:collect",
-            "//folly/experimental/coro:coroutine",
-            "//folly/experimental/coro:task",
+            "//folly/coro:blocking_wait",
+            "//folly/coro:collect",
+            "//folly/coro:coroutine",
+            "//folly/coro:task",
             "//folly/synchronization:distributed_mutex",
         ],
+        headers=LiteralValue("glob([\"**/*.h\"])")
     )
     # rocksdb_whole_archive_lib
-    TARGETS.add_library(
+    BUCK.add_library(
         "rocksdb_whole_archive_lib",
         [],
         deps=[
             ":rocksdb_lib",
         ],
-        headers=None,
         extra_external_deps="",
         link_whole=True,
     )
+    # rocksdb_with_faiss_lib
+    BUCK.add_library(
+        "rocksdb_with_faiss_lib",
+        src_mk.get("WITH_FAISS_LIB_SOURCES", []),
+        deps=[
+            "//faiss:faiss",
+            ":rocksdb_lib",
+        ],
+    )
     # rocksdb_test_lib
-    TARGETS.add_library(
+    BUCK.add_library(
         "rocksdb_test_lib",
         src_mk.get("MOCK_LIB_SOURCES", [])
         + src_mk.get("TEST_LIB_SOURCES", [])
@@ -172,8 +183,20 @@ def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
         [":rocksdb_lib"],
         extra_test_libs=True,
     )
+    # rocksdb_with_faiss_test_lib
+    BUCK.add_library(
+        "rocksdb_with_faiss_test_lib",
+        src_mk.get("MOCK_LIB_SOURCES", [])
+        + src_mk.get("TEST_LIB_SOURCES", [])
+        + src_mk.get("EXP_LIB_SOURCES", [])
+        + src_mk.get("ANALYZER_LIB_SOURCES", []),
+        deps=[
+            ":rocksdb_with_faiss_lib",
+        ],
+        extra_test_libs=True,
+    )
     # rocksdb_tools_lib
-    TARGETS.add_library(
+    BUCK.add_library(
         "rocksdb_tools_lib",
         src_mk.get("BENCH_LIB_SOURCES", [])
         + src_mk.get("ANALYZER_LIB_SOURCES", [])
@@ -181,43 +204,63 @@ def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
         [":rocksdb_lib"],
     )
     # rocksdb_cache_bench_tools_lib
-    TARGETS.add_library(
+    BUCK.add_library(
         "rocksdb_cache_bench_tools_lib",
         src_mk.get("CACHE_BENCH_LIB_SOURCES", []),
         [":rocksdb_lib"],
     )
+    # rocksdb_point_lock_bench_tools_lib
+    BUCK.add_library(
+        "rocksdb_point_lock_bench_tools_lib",
+        src_mk.get("POINT_LOCK_BENCH_LIB_SOURCES", []),
+        [":rocksdb_lib"],
+    )
     # rocksdb_stress_lib
-    TARGETS.add_rocksdb_library(
+    BUCK.add_rocksdb_library(
         "rocksdb_stress_lib",
         src_mk.get("ANALYZER_LIB_SOURCES", [])
         + src_mk.get("STRESS_LIB_SOURCES", [])
         + ["test_util/testutil.cc"],
     )
+    # ldb binary
+    BUCK.add_binary(
+        "ldb", ["tools/ldb.cc"], [":rocksdb_tools_lib"]
+    )
     # db_stress binary
-    TARGETS.add_binary(
+    BUCK.add_binary(
         "db_stress", ["db_stress_tool/db_stress.cc"], [":rocksdb_stress_lib"]
     )
+    # db_bench binary
+    BUCK.add_binary(
+        "db_bench", ["tools/db_bench.cc"], [":rocksdb_tools_lib"]
+    )
     # cache_bench binary
-    TARGETS.add_binary(
+    BUCK.add_binary(
         "cache_bench", ["cache/cache_bench.cc"], [":rocksdb_cache_bench_tools_lib"]
     )
+    # point_lock_bench binary
+    BUCK.add_binary(
+        "point_lock_bench",
+        ["utilities/transactions/lock/point/point_lock_bench.cc"],
+        [":rocksdb_point_lock_bench_tools_lib"]
+    )
     # bench binaries
     for src in src_mk.get("MICROBENCH_SOURCES", []):
         name = src.rsplit("/", 1)[1].split(".")[0] if "/" in src else src.split(".")[0]
-        TARGETS.add_binary(name, [src], [], extra_bench_libs=True)
-    print("Extra dependencies:\n{0}".format(json.dumps(deps_map)))
+        BUCK.add_binary(name, [src], [], extra_bench_libs=True)
+    print(f"Extra dependencies:\n{json.dumps(deps_map)}")
 
     # Dictionary test executable name -> relative source file path
     test_source_map = {}
 
-    # c_test.c is added through TARGETS.add_c_test(). If there
+    # c_test.c is added through BUCK.add_c_test(). If there
     # are more than one .c test file, we need to extend
-    # TARGETS.add_c_test() to include other C tests too.
+    # BUCK.add_c_test() to include other C tests too.
     for test_src in src_mk.get("TEST_MAIN_SOURCES_C", []):
         if test_src != "db/c_test.c":
             print("Don't know how to deal with " + test_src)
             return False
-    TARGETS.add_c_test()
+    BUCK.add_c_test()
 
     try:
         with open(f"{repo_path}/buckifier/bench.json") as json_file:
@@ -232,7 +275,7 @@ def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
                         for metric in overloaded_metric_list:
                             if not isinstance(metric, dict):
                                 clean_benchmarks[binary][benchmark].append(metric)
-                TARGETS.add_fancy_bench_config(
+                BUCK.add_fancy_bench_config(
                     config_dict["name"],
                     clean_benchmarks,
                     False,
@@ -254,7 +297,7 @@ def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
                             if not isinstance(metric, dict):
                                 clean_benchmarks[binary][benchmark].append(metric)
             for config_dict in slow_fancy_bench_config_list:
-                TARGETS.add_fancy_bench_config(
+                BUCK.add_fancy_bench_config(
                     config_dict["name"] + "_slow",
                     clean_benchmarks,
                     True,
@@ -267,15 +310,20 @@ def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
     except Exception:
         pass
 
-    TARGETS.add_test_header()
+    BUCK.add_test_header()
 
     for test_src in src_mk.get("TEST_MAIN_SOURCES", []):
         test = test_src.split(".c")[0].strip().split("/")[-1].strip()
-        test_source_map[test] = test_src
+        test_source_map[test] = (test_src, False)
         print("" + test + " " + test_src)
 
+    for test_src in src_mk.get("WITH_FAISS_TEST_MAIN_SOURCES", []):
+        test = test_src.split(".c")[0].strip().split("/")[-1].strip()
+        test_source_map[test] = (test_src, True)
+        print("" + test + " " + test_src + " [FAISS]")
+
     for target_alias, deps in deps_map.items():
-        for test, test_src in sorted(test_source_map.items()):
+        for test, (test_src, with_faiss) in sorted(test_source_map.items()):
             if len(test) == 0:
                 print(ColorString.warning("Failed to get test name for %s" % test_src))
                 continue
@@ -284,30 +332,39 @@ def generate_targets(repo_path, deps_map):
 
             if test in _EXPORTED_TEST_LIBS:
                 test_library = "%s_lib" % test_target_name
-                TARGETS.add_library(
+                BUCK.add_library(
                     test_library,
                     [test_src],
                     deps=[":rocksdb_test_lib"],
                     extra_test_libs=True,
                 )
-                TARGETS.register_test(
+                BUCK.register_test(
                     test_target_name,
                     test_src,
                     deps=json.dumps(deps["extra_deps"] + [":" + test_library]),
                     extra_compiler_flags=json.dumps(deps["extra_compiler_flags"]),
                 )
             else:
-                TARGETS.register_test(
-                    test_target_name,
-                    test_src,
-                    deps=json.dumps(deps["extra_deps"] + [":rocksdb_test_lib"]),
-                    extra_compiler_flags=json.dumps(deps["extra_compiler_flags"]),
-                )
+                if with_faiss:
+                    BUCK.register_test(
+                        test_target_name,
+                        test_src,
+                        deps=json.dumps(deps["extra_deps"] + [":rocksdb_with_faiss_test_lib"]),
+                        extra_compiler_flags=json.dumps(deps["extra_compiler_flags"]),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    BUCK.register_test(
+                        test_target_name,
+                        test_src,
+                        deps=json.dumps(deps["extra_deps"] + [":rocksdb_test_lib"]),
+                        extra_compiler_flags=json.dumps(deps["extra_compiler_flags"]),
+                    )
+    BUCK.export_file("tools/db_crashtest.py")
 
-    print(ColorString.info("Generated TARGETS Summary:"))
-    print(ColorString.info("- %d libs" % TARGETS.total_lib))
-    print(ColorString.info("- %d binarys" % TARGETS.total_bin))
-    print(ColorString.info("- %d tests" % TARGETS.total_test))
+    print(ColorString.info("Generated BUCK Summary:"))
+    print(ColorString.info("- %d libs" % BUCK.total_lib))
+    print(ColorString.info("- %d binarys" % BUCK.total_bin))
+    print(ColorString.info("- %d tests" % BUCK.total_test))
     return True
 
 
@@ -327,10 +384,10 @@ def exit_with_error(msg):
 
 def main():
     deps_map = get_dependencies()
-    # Generate TARGETS file for buck
-    ok = generate_targets(get_rocksdb_path(), deps_map)
+    # Generate BUCK file for buck
+    ok = generate_buck(get_rocksdb_path(), deps_map)
     if not ok:
-        exit_with_error("Failed to generate TARGETS files")
+        exit_with_error("Failed to generate BUCK files")
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

buckifier/check_buck_targets.sh

@@ -1,32 +1,44 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 # Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
-# If clang_format_diff.py command is not specfied, we assume we are able to
-# access directly without any path.
 
-TGT_DIFF=`git diff TARGETS | head -n 1`
+if [[ ! -f "BUCK" ]]
+then
+  echo "BUCK file is missing!"
+  echo "Please do not remove / rename BUCK file in your commit(s)."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+TGT_DIFF=`git diff BUCK | head -n 1`
 
 if [ ! -z "$TGT_DIFF" ]
 then
-  echo "TARGETS file has uncommitted changes. Skip this check."
+  echo "BUCK file has uncommitted changes. Skip this check."
   exit 0
 fi
 
-echo Backup original TARGETS file.
+echo Backup original BUCK file.
 
-cp TARGETS TARGETS.bkp
+cp BUCK BUCK.bkp
 
 ${PYTHON:-python3} buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py
 
-TGT_DIFF=`git diff TARGETS | head -n 1`
+if [[ ! -f "BUCK" ]]
+then
+  echo "BUCK file went missing after running buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py!"
+  echo "Please do not remove the BUCK file."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+TGT_DIFF=`git diff BUCK | head -n 1`
 
 if [ -z "$TGT_DIFF" ]
 then
-  mv TARGETS.bkp TARGETS
+  mv BUCK.bkp BUCK
   exit 0
 else
-  echo "Please run '${PYTHON:-python3} buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py' to update TARGETS file."
-  echo "Do not manually update TARGETS file."
+  echo "Please run '${PYTHON:-python3} buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py' to update BUCK file."
+  echo "Do not manually update BUCK file."
   ${PYTHON:-python3} --version
-  mv TARGETS.bkp TARGETS
+  mv BUCK.bkp BUCK
   exit 1
 fi

buckifier/targets_builder.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
 
 try:
     from builtins import object, str
@@ -9,17 +8,28 @@ import pprint
 
 import targets_cfg
 
+class LiteralValue:
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.value)
+
+def smart_quote_value(val):
+    if isinstance(val, LiteralValue):
+        return str(val)
+    return '"%s"' % val
 
 def pretty_list(lst, indent=8):
     if lst is None or len(lst) == 0:
         return ""
 
     if len(lst) == 1:
-        return '"%s"' % lst[0]
+        return smart_quote_value(lst[0])
 
-    separator = '",\n%s"' % (" " * indent)
-    res = separator.join(sorted(lst))
-    res = "\n" + (" " * indent) + '"' + res + '",\n' + (" " * (indent - 4))
+    separator = ',\n%s' % (" " * indent)
+    res = separator.join(sorted(map(smart_quote_value, lst)))
+    res = "\n" + (" " * indent) + res + ',\n' + (" " * (indent - 4))
     return res
 
 
@@ -35,6 +45,11 @@ class TARGETSBuilder:
         self.total_bin = 0
         self.total_test = 0
         self.tests_cfg = ""
+    
+    def add_oncall(self, oncall):
+       with open(self.path, "ab") as targets_file:
+            targets_file.write(targets_cfg.oncall_template.format(name=oncall).encode("utf-8"))
+                
 
     def add_library(
         self,
@@ -48,7 +63,12 @@ class TARGETSBuilder:
         extra_test_libs=False,
     ):
         if headers is not None:
-            headers = "[" + pretty_list(headers) + "]"
+            if isinstance(headers, LiteralValue):
+                headers = str(headers)
+            else:
+                headers = "[" + pretty_list(headers) + "]"
+        else:
+            headers = "[]"
         with open(self.path, "ab") as targets_file:
             targets_file.write(
                 targets_cfg.library_template.format(
@@ -65,8 +85,7 @@ class TARGETSBuilder:
         self.total_lib = self.total_lib + 1
 
     def add_rocksdb_library(self, name, srcs, headers=None, external_dependencies=None):
-        if headers is not None:
-            headers = "[" + pretty_list(headers) + "]"
+        headers = "[" + pretty_list(headers) + "]"
         with open(self.path, "ab") as targets_file:
             targets_file.write(
                 targets_cfg.rocksdb_library_template.format(
@@ -148,3 +167,9 @@ add_c_test_wrapper()
                 ).encode("utf-8")
             )
         self.total_test = self.total_test + 1
+
+    def export_file(self, name):
+        with open(self.path, "a") as targets_file:
+            targets_file.write(
+                targets_cfg.export_file_template.format(name=name)
+            )

buckifier/targets_cfg.py

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
-# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+#  Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+#  This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the COPYING file in the root directory)
+#  and the Apache 2.0 License (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
 
 rocksdb_target_header_template = """# This file \100generated by:
 #$ python3 buckifier/buckify_rocksdb.py{extra_argv}
 # --> DO NOT EDIT MANUALLY <--
-# This file is a Facebook-specific integration for buck builds, so can
-# only be validated by Facebook employees.
+# This file is a Meta-specific integration for buck builds, so can
+# only be validated by Meta employees.
 load("//rocks/buckifier:defs.bzl", "cpp_library_wrapper","rocks_cpp_library_wrapper","cpp_binary_wrapper","cpp_unittest_wrapper","fancy_bench_wrapper","add_c_test_wrapper")
+load("@fbcode_macros//build_defs:export_files.bzl", "export_file")
 
 """
 
@@ -37,3 +39,12 @@ fancy_bench_template = """
 fancy_bench_wrapper(suite_name="{name}", binary_to_bench_to_metric_list_map={bench_config}, slow={slow}, expected_runtime={expected_runtime}, sl_iterations={sl_iterations}, regression_threshold={regression_threshold})
 
 """
+
+export_file_template = """
+export_file(name = "{name}")
+"""
+
+
+oncall_template = """
+oncall("{name}")
+"""

buckifier/util.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 """
 This module keeps commonly used components.
 """
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
 
 try:
     from builtins import object

build_tools/amalgamate.py

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #
 # The solution is to move the include out of the #ifdef.
 
-from __future__ import print_function
 
 import argparse
 import re
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ def expand_include(
 
     included.add(include_path)
     with open(include_path) as f:
-        print('#line 1 "{}"'.format(include_path), file=source_out)
+        print(f'#line 1 "{include_path}"', file=source_out)
         process_file(
             f, include_path, source_out, header_out, include_paths, public_include_paths
         )
@@ -118,7 +117,7 @@ def process_file(
                     )
 
             if expanded:
-                print('#line {} "{}"'.format(line + 1, abs_path), file=source_out)
+                print(f'#line {line + 1} "{abs_path}"', file=source_out)
         elif text != "#pragma once\n":
             source_out.write(text)
 
@@ -157,8 +156,8 @@ def main():
     with open(filename) as f, open(args.source_out, "w") as source_out, open(
         args.header_out, "w"
     ) as header_out:
-        print('#line 1 "{}"'.format(filename), file=source_out)
-        print('#include "{}"'.format(header_out.name), file=source_out)
+        print(f'#line 1 "{filename}"', file=source_out)
+        print(f'#include "{header_out.name}"', file=source_out)
         process_file(
             f, abs_path, source_out, header_out, include_paths, public_include_paths
         )

build_tools/benchmark_log_tool.py

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class BenchmarkUtils:
 
 
 class ResultParser:
-    def __init__(self, field="(\w|[+-:.%])+", intrafield="(\s)+", separator="\t"):
+    def __init__(self, field=r"(\w|[+-:.%])+", intrafield=r"(\s)+", separator="\t"):
         self.field = re.compile(field)
         self.intra = re.compile(intrafield)
         self.sep = re.compile(separator)
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class ResultParser:
 
 
 def load_report_from_tsv(filename: str):
-    file = open(filename, "r")
+    file = open(filename)
     contents = file.readlines()
     file.close()
     parser = ResultParser()

build_tools/build_detect_platform

@@ -45,18 +45,21 @@ if test -z "$OUTPUT"; then
   exit 1
 fi
 
-# we depend on C++17, but should be compatible with newer standards
+# we depend on C++20, but should be compatible with newer standards
 if [ "$ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD" ]; then
   PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS="-std=$ROCKSDB_CXX_STANDARD"
 else
-  PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS="-std=c++17"
+  PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS="-std=c++20"
 fi
 
 # we currently depend on POSIX platform
 COMMON_FLAGS="-DROCKSDB_PLATFORM_POSIX -DROCKSDB_LIB_IO_POSIX"
 
-# Default to fbcode gcc on internal fb machines
-if [ -z "$ROCKSDB_NO_FBCODE" -a -d /mnt/gvfs/third-party ]; then
+# Default to fbcode gcc on Meta internal machines
+IS_META_HOST="$(hostname | grep -E '(facebook|meta).com|fbinfra.net')"
+if [ -z "$ROCKSDB_NO_FBCODE" -a "$IS_META_HOST" ]; then
+  if [ -d /mnt/gvfs/third-party ]; then
+    echo "NOTE: Using fbcode build" >&2
     FBCODE_BUILD="true"
     # If we're compiling with TSAN or shared lib, we need pic build
     PIC_BUILD=$COMPILE_WITH_TSAN
@@ -64,6 +67,11 @@ if [ -z "$ROCKSDB_NO_FBCODE" -a -d /mnt/gvfs/third-party ]; then
       PIC_BUILD=1
     fi
     source "$PWD/build_tools/fbcode_config_platform010.sh"
+  else
+    echo "************************************************************************" >&2
+    echo "WARNING: -d /mnt/gvfs/third-party failed; no fbcode build" >&2
+    echo "************************************************************************" >&2
+  fi
 fi
 
 # Delete existing output, if it exists
@@ -71,7 +79,9 @@ rm -f "$OUTPUT"
 touch "$OUTPUT"
 
 if test -z "$CC"; then
-    if [ -x "$(command -v cc)" ]; then
+    if [ "$USE_CLANG" -a -x "$(command -v clang)" ]; then
+        CC=clang
+    elif [ -x "$(command -v cc)" ]; then
         CC=cc
     elif [ -x "$(command -v clang)" ]; then
         CC=clang
@@ -81,7 +91,9 @@ if test -z "$CC"; then
 fi
 
 if test -z "$CXX"; then
-    if [ -x "$(command -v g++)" ]; then
+    if [ "$USE_CLANG" -a -x "$(command -v clang++)" ]; then
+        CXX=clang++
+    elif [ -x "$(command -v g++)" ]; then
         CXX=g++
     elif [ -x "$(command -v clang++)" ]; then
         CXX=clang++
@@ -91,7 +103,9 @@ if test -z "$CXX"; then
 fi
 
 if test -z "$AR"; then
-    if [ -x "$(command -v gcc-ar)" ]; then
+    if [ "$USE_CLANG" -a -x "$(command -v llvm-ar)" ]; then
+        AR=llvm-ar
+    elif [ -x "$(command -v gcc-ar)" ]; then
         AR=gcc-ar
     elif [ -x "$(command -v llvm-ar)" ]; then
         AR=llvm-ar
@@ -134,6 +148,24 @@ PLATFORM_SHARED_LDFLAGS="-Wl,--no-as-needed -shared -Wl,-soname -Wl,"
 PLATFORM_SHARED_CFLAGS="-fPIC"
 PLATFORM_SHARED_VERSIONED=true
 
+# Prefer lld linker when available on Linux. lld is typically 5-10x faster
+# than the default ld.bfd for large C++ projects. macOS uses ld64 (or
+# ld-prime) which is already fast, so we skip lld detection there.
+# Set ROCKSDB_NO_FAST_LINKER=1 to disable this auto-detection.
+if [ -z "$ROCKSDB_NO_FAST_LINKER" ] && [ "$TARGET_OS" = "Linux" ]; then
+    if $CXX -fuse-ld=lld -L/usr/local/lib -x c++ - -o /dev/null 2>/dev/null <<EOF
+int main() { return 0; }
+EOF
+    then
+        PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -fuse-ld=lld"
+        # Ensure lld can find libraries in /usr/local/lib (lld does not
+        # search there by default, unlike ld.bfd)
+        if [ -d /usr/local/lib ]; then
+            PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -L/usr/local/lib"
+        fi
+    fi
+fi
+
 # generic port files (working on all platform by #ifdef) go directly in /port
 GENERIC_PORT_FILES=`cd "$ROCKSDB_ROOT"; find port -name '*.cc' | tr "\n" " "`
 
@@ -163,24 +195,6 @@ case "$TARGET_OS" in
             PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -latomic"
         fi
         PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -lpthread -lrt -ldl"
-        if test -z "$ROCKSDB_USE_IO_URING"; then
-            ROCKSDB_USE_IO_URING=1
-        fi
-        if test "$ROCKSDB_USE_IO_URING" -ne 0; then
-            # check for liburing
-            $CXX $PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS -x c++ - -luring -o test.o 2>/dev/null  <<EOF
-              #include <liburing.h>
-              int main() {
-                struct io_uring ring;
-                io_uring_queue_init(1, &ring, 0);
-                return 0;
-              }
-EOF
-            if [ "$?" = 0 ]; then
-                PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -luring"
-                COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -DROCKSDB_IOURING_PRESENT"
-            fi
-        fi
         # PORT_FILES=port/linux/linux_specific.cc
         ;;
     SunOS)
@@ -315,7 +329,8 @@ EOF
 EOF
         then
           COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -DGFLAGS=1"
-          PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -lgflags"
+          # Hack: don't link extra gflags assuming it comes with folly
+          [ "$USE_FOLLY" ] || PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -lgflags"
         # check if namespace is gflags
         elif $CXX $PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS -x c++ - -o test.o 2>/dev/null << EOF
             #include <gflags/gflags.h>
@@ -324,7 +339,8 @@ EOF
 EOF
         then
           COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -DGFLAGS=1 -DGFLAGS_NAMESPACE=gflags"
-          PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -lgflags"
+          # Hack: don't link extra gflags assuming it comes with folly
+          [ "$USE_FOLLY" ] || PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -lgflags"
         # check if namespace is google
         elif $CXX $PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS -x c++ - -o test.o 2>/dev/null << EOF
             #include <gflags/gflags.h>
@@ -378,9 +394,13 @@ EOF
     fi
 
     if ! test $ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ZSTD; then
-        # Test whether zstd library is installed
+        # Test whether zstd library is installed with minimum version
+        # (Keep in sync with compression.h)
         $CXX $PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS $COMMON_FLAGS -x c++ - -o /dev/null 2>/dev/null  <<EOF
           #include <zstd.h>
+          #if ZSTD_VERSION_NUMBER < 10400
+          #error "ZSTD support requires version >= 1.4.0 (libzstd-devel)"
+          #endif  // ZSTD_VERSION_NUMBER
           int main() {}
 EOF
         if [ "$?" = 0 ]; then
@@ -603,7 +623,7 @@ EOF
             PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -lbenchmark"
         fi
     fi
-    if test $USE_FOLLY; then
+    if test $USE_FOLLY || test $USE_FOLLY_LITE; then
         # Test whether libfolly library is installed
         $CXX $PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS $COMMON_FLAGS -x c++ - -o /dev/null 2>/dev/null  <<EOF
           #include <folly/synchronization/DistributedMutex.h>
@@ -614,11 +634,29 @@ EOF
         fi
     fi
 
+    if test -z "$ROCKSDB_USE_IO_URING"; then
+        ROCKSDB_USE_IO_URING=1
+    fi
+    if [ "$ROCKSDB_USE_IO_URING" -ne 0 -a "$PLATFORM" = OS_LINUX ]; then
+        # check for liburing
+        $CXX $PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS -x c++ - -luring -o test.o 2>/dev/null  <<EOF
+          #include <liburing.h>
+          int main() {
+            struct io_uring ring;
+            io_uring_queue_init(1, &ring, 0);
+            return 0;
+          }
+EOF
+        if [ "$?" = 0 ]; then
+            PLATFORM_LDFLAGS="$PLATFORM_LDFLAGS -luring"
+            COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -DROCKSDB_IOURING_PRESENT"
+        fi
+    fi
 fi
 
 # TODO(tec): Fix -Wshorten-64-to-32 errors on FreeBSD and enable the warning.
 # -Wshorten-64-to-32 breaks compilation on FreeBSD aarch64 and i386
-if ! { [ "$TARGET_OS" = FreeBSD ] && [ "$TARGET_ARCHITECTURE" = arm64 -o "$TARGET_ARCHITECTURE" = i386 ]; }; then
+if ! { [ "$TARGET_OS" = FreeBSD -o "$TARGET_OS" = OpenBSD ] && [ "$TARGET_ARCHITECTURE" = arm64 -o "$TARGET_ARCHITECTURE" = i386 ]; }; then
   # Test whether -Wshorten-64-to-32 is available
   $CXX $PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS -x c++ - -o test.o -Wshorten-64-to-32 2>/dev/null  <<EOF
     int main() {}
@@ -647,8 +685,10 @@ if [ "$PORTABLE" == "" ] || [ "$PORTABLE" == 0 ]; then
     fi
     COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS"
   elif test -n "`echo $TARGET_ARCHITECTURE | grep ^riscv64`"; then
-    RISC_ISA=$(cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep isa | head -1 | cut --delimiter=: -f 2 | cut -b 2-)
-    COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -march=${RISC_ISA}"
+    RISC_ISA=$(cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -E '^isa\s*:' | head -1 | cut --delimiter=: -f 2 | cut -b 2-)
+    if [ -n "${RISCV_ISA}" ]; then
+      COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -march=${RISC_ISA}"
+    fi
   elif [ "$TARGET_OS" == "IOS" ]; then
     COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS"
   else
@@ -660,8 +700,7 @@ else
     if test -n "`echo $TARGET_ARCHITECTURE | grep ^s390x`"; then
       COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -march=z196 "
     elif test -n "`echo $TARGET_ARCHITECTURE | grep ^riscv64`"; then
-      RISC_ISA=$(cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep isa | head -1 | cut --delimiter=: -f 2 | cut -b 2-)
-      COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -march=${RISC_ISA}"
+      COMMON_FLAGS="$COMMON_FLAGS -march=rv64gc"
     elif test "$USE_SSE"; then
       # USE_SSE is DEPRECATED
       # This is a rough approximation of the old USE_SSE behavior
@@ -750,6 +789,12 @@ if [ "$USE_FOLLY" ]; then
     FOLLY_PATH=`cd $FOLLY_DIR && $PYTHON build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-inst-dir folly`
   fi
 fi
+if [ "$USE_FOLLY_LITE" ]; then
+  if [ "$FOLLY_DIR" ]; then
+    BOOST_SOURCE_PATH=`cd $FOLLY_DIR && $PYTHON build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-source-dir boost`
+    FMT_SOURCE_PATH=`cd $FOLLY_DIR && $PYTHON build/fbcode_builder/getdeps.py show-source-dir fmt`
+  fi
+fi
 
 PLATFORM_CCFLAGS="$PLATFORM_CCFLAGS $COMMON_FLAGS"
 PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS="$PLATFORM_CXXFLAGS $COMMON_FLAGS"
@@ -791,6 +836,8 @@ echo "PROFILING_FLAGS=$PROFILING_FLAGS" >> "$OUTPUT"
 echo "FIND=$FIND" >> "$OUTPUT"
 echo "WATCH=$WATCH" >> "$OUTPUT"
 echo "FOLLY_PATH=$FOLLY_PATH" >> "$OUTPUT"
+echo "BOOST_SOURCE_PATH=$BOOST_SOURCE_PATH" >> "$OUTPUT"
+echo "FMT_SOURCE_PATH=$FMT_SOURCE_PATH" >> "$OUTPUT"
 
 # This will enable some related identifiers for the preprocessor
 if test -n "$JEMALLOC"; then
@@ -802,7 +849,6 @@ fi
 if test -n "$WITH_JEMALLOC_FLAG"; then
   echo "WITH_JEMALLOC_FLAG=$WITH_JEMALLOC_FLAG" >> "$OUTPUT"
 fi
-echo "LUA_PATH=$LUA_PATH" >> "$OUTPUT"
 if test -n "$USE_FOLLY"; then
   echo "USE_FOLLY=$USE_FOLLY" >> "$OUTPUT"
 fi

build_tools/check-public-header.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Check for some simple mistakes in public headers (on the command line)
+# that should prevent commit or push
+
+BAD=""
+
+# Look for potential for ODR violations caused by public headers depending on
+# build parameters that could vary between RocksDB build and application build.
+# * Cases like ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE, and ROCKSDB_ASSERT_STATUS_CHECKED are
+#   intentional, hard to avoid. (We expect definitions to change and the user
+#   should also.)
+# * Cases like _WIN32, OS_WIN, and __cplusplus are essentially ODR-safe.
+# * Cases like
+#   #ifdef BLAH  // ODR-SAFE
+#   #undef BLAH
+#   #endif
+#   that should not cause ODR violations can be exempted with the ODR-SAFE
+#   marker recognized here.
+
+grep -nHE '^#if' -- "$@" | grep -vE 'ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE|ROCKSDB_ASSERT_STATUS_CHECKED|_WIN32|OS_WIN|ODR-SAFE|__cplusplus|ROCKSDB_DLL|ROCKSDB_LIBRARY_EXPORTS'
+if [ "$?" != "1" ]; then
+  echo "^^^^^ #if in public API could cause an ODR violation."
+  echo "      Add // ODR-SAFE if verified safe."
+  BAD=1
+fi
+
+if [ "$BAD" ]; then
+  exit 1
+fi

build_tools/check-sources.sh

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ if [ "$?" != "1" ]; then
   BAD=1
 fi
 
-git grep -n -P "[\x80-\xFF]" -- ':!docs' ':!*.md'
+LC_ALL=C git grep -n $'[\x80-\xff]' -- ':!docs' ':!*.md' ':!.github'
 if [ "$?" != "1" ]; then
   echo '^^^^ Use only ASCII characters in source files'
   BAD=1

build_tools/check-workflow-yaml.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Validate GitHub Actions workflow YAML before it reaches CI runtime.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+if ! command -v ruby >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  echo "ruby is required to validate GitHub Actions workflow YAML"
+  echo "On CentOS Stream: sudo dnf install ruby rubygems rubygem-psych"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if ! ruby -e 'require "psych"' 2>/dev/null; then
+  echo "ruby is installed but cannot load required library 'psych'"
+  echo "On CentOS Stream: sudo dnf install rubygems rubygem-psych"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+ruby <<'RUBY'
+require "psych"
+
+bad = false
+workflow_files = Dir[".github/workflows/*.{yml,yaml}"].sort
+
+if workflow_files.empty?
+  warn "No workflow YAML files found under .github/workflows"
+  exit 1
+end
+
+workflow_files.each do |path|
+  begin
+    Psych.parse_file(path)
+    puts "OK #{path}"
+  rescue Psych::Exception => e
+    warn "Invalid YAML in #{path}: #{e.message}"
+    bad = true
+  end
+end
+
+exit(bad ? 1 : 0)
+RUBY

build_tools/check_progress.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Output test progress in JSON format for machine parsing
+# Usage: build_tools/check_progress.sh
+
+LOG_FILE="LOG"
+T_DIR="t"
+SRC_MK="src.mk"
+
+# Maximum lines of test output to include per failed test
+MAX_OUTPUT_LINES=50
+
+# Helper to escape string for JSON (handles newlines, quotes, backslashes, tabs)
+json_escape() {
+    local str="$1"
+    # Use python for reliable JSON escaping if available, otherwise use sed
+    if command -v python3 &>/dev/null; then
+        printf '%s' "$str" | python3 -c 'import json,sys; print(json.dumps(sys.stdin.read())[1:-1], end="")'
+    else
+        printf '%s' "$str" | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g; s/"/\\"/g; s/\t/\\t/g; s/\r/\\r/g' | awk '{printf "%s\\n", $0}' | sed 's/\\n$//'
+    fi
+}
+
+# Helper to output JSON and exit
+output_json() {
+    local status="$1"
+    local completed="${2:-0}"
+    local total="${3:-0}"
+    local failed="${4:-0}"
+    local percent="${5:-0}"
+    local eta="${6:-0}"
+    local avg_time="${7:-0}"
+    local last_item="${8:-}"
+    local phase="${9:-}"
+    local failed_tests="${10:-}"
+
+    # Build JSON output
+    local json="{\"status\":\"$status\""
+
+    if [[ -n "$phase" ]]; then
+        json="$json,\"phase\":\"$phase\""
+    fi
+
+    json="$json,\"completed\":$completed,\"total\":$total,\"failed\":$failed,\"percent\":$percent"
+    json="$json,\"eta_seconds\":$eta,\"avg_time\":\"$avg_time\",\"last_item\":\"$(json_escape "$last_item")\""
+
+    if [[ -n "$failed_tests" ]]; then
+        json="$json,\"failed_tests\":[$failed_tests]"
+    fi
+
+    json="$json}"
+    echo "$json"
+}
+
+# Get failed test info with log output
+get_failed_tests_json() {
+    local log_file="$1"
+    local t_dir="$2"
+    local max_failures=10
+    local count=0
+    local first=true
+
+    # Get failed tests from LOG file
+    while IFS=$'\t' read -r seq host starttime runtime send recv exitval signal cmd; do
+        # Skip header line
+        [[ "$seq" == "Seq" ]] && continue
+
+        # Check if failed (exitval != 0 or signal != 0)
+        if [[ "$exitval" != "0" || "$signal" != "0" ]]; then
+            # Extract test name from command
+            test_name=$(echo "$cmd" | sed 's,.*/run-,,;s, .*,,')
+
+            # Get log file path
+            log_path="$t_dir/log-run-$test_name"
+
+            # Read test output (last N lines)
+            if [[ -f "$log_path" ]]; then
+                output=$(tail -n "$MAX_OUTPUT_LINES" "$log_path" 2>/dev/null)
+            else
+                output="(log file not found: $log_path)"
+            fi
+
+            # Escape output for JSON
+            escaped_output=$(json_escape "$output")
+
+            # Build JSON object for this failure
+            if [[ "$first" == "true" ]]; then
+                first=false
+            else
+                printf ","
+            fi
+            printf '{"test":"%s","exit_code":%d,"signal":%d,"output":"%s"}' \
+                "$test_name" "$exitval" "$signal" "$escaped_output"
+
+            ((count++))
+            if [[ $count -ge $max_failures ]]; then
+                break
+            fi
+        fi
+    done < "$log_file"
+}
+
+# Check if tests are running (LOG file exists)
+if [[ -f "$LOG_FILE" ]]; then
+    # Count total tests from t/run-* files
+    if [[ -d "$T_DIR" ]]; then
+        total=$(find "$T_DIR" -name 'run-*' -type f 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
+    else
+        total=0
+    fi
+
+    # If no parallel tests generated yet
+    if [[ "$total" -eq 0 ]]; then
+        output_json "running" 0 0 0 0 0 "0" "" "generating"
+        exit 0
+    fi
+
+    # Parse LOG file (skip header line)
+    # LOG format: Seq Host Starttime JobRuntime Send Receive Exitval Signal Command
+    completed=$(tail -n +2 "$LOG_FILE" 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
+
+    # Count failures
+    failed=$(awk -F'\t' 'NR>1 && ($7 != 0 || $8 != 0) {count++} END {print count+0}' "$LOG_FILE" 2>/dev/null)
+
+    # Get failed tests JSON with output (only if there are failures)
+    if [[ "$failed" -gt 0 ]]; then
+        failed_tests=$(get_failed_tests_json "$LOG_FILE" "$T_DIR")
+    else
+        failed_tests=""
+    fi
+
+    # Calculate percentage
+    if [[ "$total" -gt 0 ]]; then
+        percent=$((completed * 100 / total))
+    else
+        percent=0
+    fi
+
+    # Get last completed test name (extract from command column)
+    last_test=$(tail -1 "$LOG_FILE" 2>/dev/null | awk -F'\t' '{print $9}' | sed 's,.*/run-,,;s, .*,,;s,^./,,')
+
+    # Calculate ETA based on average time
+    if [[ "$completed" -gt 0 ]]; then
+        avg_time=$(awk -F'\t' 'NR>1 {sum+=$4; count++} END {if(count>0) printf "%.1f", sum/count; else print "0"}' "$LOG_FILE")
+        remaining=$((total - completed))
+        eta=$(awk "BEGIN {printf \"%.0f\", $avg_time * $remaining}")
+    else
+        avg_time="0"
+        eta="0"
+    fi
+
+    # Determine status
+    if [[ "$completed" -ge "$total" ]]; then
+        status="completed"
+    elif [[ "$completed" -gt 0 ]]; then
+        status="running"
+    else
+        status="starting"
+    fi
+
+    output_json "$status" "$completed" "$total" "$failed" "$percent" "$eta" "$avg_time" "$last_test" "testing" "$failed_tests"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# No LOG file - check if we're in compilation/linking phase
+# Count expected source files from src.mk
+if [[ -f "$SRC_MK" ]]; then
+    # Count LIB_SOURCES (library object files to compile)
+    expected_lib_objects=$(grep -E '\.cc\s*\\?$' "$SRC_MK" | grep -v '^#' | wc -l)
+
+    # Count TEST_MAIN_SOURCES (test binaries to link)
+    expected_test_binaries=$(sed -n '/^TEST_MAIN_SOURCES =/,/^[^ ]/p' "$SRC_MK" | grep -cE '\.cc\s*\\?$' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+else
+    expected_lib_objects=0
+    expected_test_binaries=0
+fi
+
+# Check for test generation phase (t/ directory being created)
+if [[ -d "$T_DIR" ]]; then
+    total=$(find "$T_DIR" -name 'run-*' -type f 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
+    if [[ "$total" -gt 0 ]]; then
+        output_json "running" 0 "$total" 0 0 0 "0" "" "generating"
+        exit 0
+    fi
+fi
+
+# Count compiled object files (in subdirectories matching source structure)
+# Object files are created as dir/file.o (e.g., cache/cache.o, db/db_impl.o)
+compiled_objects=0
+if [[ "$expected_lib_objects" -gt 0 ]]; then
+    # Count .o files in source directories
+    compiled_objects=$(find cache db env file logging memory memtable monitoring options port table test_util trace_replay util utilities -name '*.o' -type f 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
+fi
+
+# Count linked test binaries (test binaries are in current directory with _test suffix)
+linked_tests=0
+if [[ "$expected_test_binaries" -gt 0 ]]; then
+    linked_tests=$(find . -maxdepth 1 -name '*_test' -type f -executable 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
+fi
+
+# Determine phase based on what exists
+if [[ "$compiled_objects" -eq 0 && "$linked_tests" -eq 0 ]]; then
+    # Nothing compiled yet - not started or just beginning
+    output_json "not_started" 0 0 0 0 0 "0" ""
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# Calculate total work units: compiling + linking
+total_work=$((expected_lib_objects + expected_test_binaries))
+completed_work=$((compiled_objects + linked_tests))
+
+if [[ "$total_work" -gt 0 ]]; then
+    percent=$((completed_work * 100 / total_work))
+else
+    percent=0
+fi
+
+# Determine phase
+if [[ "$compiled_objects" -lt "$expected_lib_objects" ]]; then
+    phase="compiling"
+    # Get most recently modified .o file as last_item
+    last_item=$(find cache db env file logging memory memtable monitoring options port table test_util trace_replay util utilities -name '*.o' -type f -printf '%T@ %p\n' 2>/dev/null | sort -rn | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f2- | sed 's,^\./,,;s,\.o$,,')
+elif [[ "$linked_tests" -lt "$expected_test_binaries" ]]; then
+    phase="linking"
+    # Get most recently modified test binary as last_item
+    last_item=$(find . -maxdepth 1 -name '*_test' -type f -executable -printf '%T@ %p\n' 2>/dev/null | sort -rn | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f2- | sed 's,^\./,,')
+else
+    phase="generating"
+    last_item=""
+fi
+
+output_json "running" "$completed_work" "$total_work" 0 "$percent" 0 "0" "$last_item" "$phase"

build_tools/dependencies_platform010.sh

@@ -1,22 +1,21 @@
 # Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
 # The file is generated using update_dependencies.sh.
-GCC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/gcc/e40bde78650fa91b8405a857e3f10bf336633fb0/11.x/centos7-native/886b5eb
-CLANG_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/llvm-fb/2043340983c032915adbb6f78903dc855b65aee8/12/platform010/9520e0f
-LIBGCC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/libgcc/c00dcc6a3e4125c7e8b248e9a79c14b78ac9e0ca/11.x/platform010/5684a5a
-GLIBC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/glibc/0b9c8e4b060eda62f3bc1c6127bbe1256697569b/2.34/platform010/f259413
-SNAPPY_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/snappy/bc9647f7912b131315827d65cb6189c21f381d05/1.1.3/platform010/76ebdda
-ZLIB_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/zlib/a6f5f3f1d063d2d00cd02fc12f0f05fc3ab3a994/1.2.11/platform010/76ebdda
+GCC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/gcc/62de5a92e5f23c661c3d4b9f322e04eb14e7a5bd/11.x/centos8-native/886b5eb
+CLANG_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/llvm-fb/1f6edd1ff15c99c861afc8f3cd69054cd974dd64/15/platform010/72a2ff8
+LIBGCC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/libgcc/d1129753c8361ac8e9453c0f4291337a4507ebe6/11.x/platform010/5684a5a
+GLIBC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/glibc/fed6e93d87571fb162734c86636119d45a398963/2.34/platform010/f259413
+SNAPPY_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/snappy/31a346126a1f3b64812c362511cb04cc1bd40855/1.1.8/platform010/76ebdda
+ZLIB_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/zlib/0c65c05468b5a38cef1a106a1f526463e120c8dd/1.2.8/platform010/76ebdda
 BZIP2_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/bzip2/09703139cfc376bd8a82642385a0e97726b28287/1.0.6/platform010/76ebdda
-LZ4_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/lz4/60220d6a5bf7722b9cc239a1368c596619b12060/1.9.1/platform010/76ebdda
-ZSTD_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/zstd/50eace8143eaaea9473deae1f3283e0049e05633/1.4.x/platform010/64091f4
-GFLAGS_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/gflags/5d27e5919771603da06000a027b12f799e58a4f7/2.2.0/platform010/76ebdda
-JEMALLOC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/jemalloc/b62912d333ef33f9760efa6219dbe3fe6abb3b0e/master/platform010/f57cc4a
-NUMA_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/numa/6b412770957aa3c8a87e5e0dcd8cc2f45f393bc0/2.0.11/platform010/76ebdda
-LIBUNWIND_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/libunwind/52f69816e936e147664ad717eb71a1a0e9dc973a/1.4/platform010/5074a48
-TBB_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/tbb/c9cc192099fa84c0dcd0ffeedd44a373ad6e4925/2018_U5/platform010/76ebdda
+LZ4_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/lz4/ff23d17b932725cc1734a14896a8b67c518ba169/1.9.4/platform010/76ebdda
+ZSTD_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/zstd/576397d8b1d9cea7306ad1e454d5e55caaa2ff1c/1.4.x/platform010/64091f4
+GFLAGS_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/gflags/fecac07861cb829f5e60dbeff0503d3272db73c0/2.2.0/platform010/76ebdda
+JEMALLOC_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/jemalloc/0bb3f5756788ce26e2e16a1cb2f2af2c59b51abe/master/platform010/f57cc4a
+NUMA_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/numa/5b602edd46fda54cdd7ea45f77dbe4061206e174/2.0.11/platform010/76ebdda
+LIBUNWIND_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/libunwind/97cac22a149c2e202917e05d44e87e516b68216f/1.4/platform010/5074a48
+TBB_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/tbb/53953ebc4e3eda85ad6fc3e429ba146035e97b90/2018_U5/platform010/76ebdda
 LIBURING_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/liburing/a98e2d137007e3ebf7f33bd6f99c2c56bdaf8488/20210212/platform010/76ebdda
 BENCHMARK_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/benchmark/780c7a0f9cf0967961e69ad08e61cddd85d61821/trunk/platform010/76ebdda
-KERNEL_HEADERS_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/kernel-headers/02d9f76aaaba580611cf75e741753c800c7fdc12/fb/platform010/da39a3e
-BINUTILS_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/binutils/938dc3f064ef3a48c0446f5b11d788d50b3eb5ee/2.37/centos7-native/da39a3e
-VALGRIND_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/valgrind/429a6b3203eb415f1599bd15183659153129188e/3.15.0/platform010/76ebdda
-LUA_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/lua/363787fa5cac2a8aa20638909210443278fa138e/5.3.4/platform010/9079c97
+KERNEL_HEADERS_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/kernel-headers/624a2f8f6c93c3c1df8aa4a6255d8202631a6c80/fb/platform010/da39a3e
+BINUTILS_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/binutils/39579e8603b48b3540f8b0633f43adf29acccb8b/2.37/centos8-native/da39a3e
+VALGRIND_BASE=/mnt/gvfs/third-party2/valgrind/cd9cc656d49ecb53797ce4d055e49fde29fd57ff/3.19.0/platform010/76ebdda

build_tools/error_filter.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
     - Prints those error messages to stdout
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
 
 import re
 import sys
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ class GTestErrorParser(ErrorParserBase):
             return None
         gtest_fail_match = self._GTEST_FAIL_PATTERN.match(line)
         if gtest_fail_match:
-            return "%s failed: %s" % (self._last_gtest_name, gtest_fail_match.group(1))
+            return "{} failed: {}".format(self._last_gtest_name, gtest_fail_match.group(1))
         return None
 
 
@@ -66,52 +65,52 @@ class CompilerErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
         # format (link error):
         #   '<filename>:<line #>: error: <error msg>'
         # The below regex catches both
-        super(CompilerErrorParser, self).__init__(r"\S+:\d+: error:")
+        super().__init__(r"\S+:\d+: error:")
 
 
 class ScanBuildErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(ScanBuildErrorParser, self).__init__(r"scan-build: \d+ bugs found.$")
+        super().__init__(r"scan-build: \d+ bugs found.$")
 
 
 class DbCrashErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(DbCrashErrorParser, self).__init__(r"\*\*\*.*\^$|TEST FAILED.")
+        super().__init__(r"\*\*\*.*\^$|TEST FAILED.")
 
 
 class WriteStressErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(WriteStressErrorParser, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             r"ERROR: write_stress died with exitcode=\d+"
         )
 
 
 class AsanErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(AsanErrorParser, self).__init__(r"==\d+==ERROR: AddressSanitizer:")
+        super().__init__(r"==\d+==ERROR: AddressSanitizer:")
 
 
 class UbsanErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
         # format: '<filename>:<line #>:<column #>: runtime error: <error msg>'
-        super(UbsanErrorParser, self).__init__(r"\S+:\d+:\d+: runtime error:")
+        super().__init__(r"\S+:\d+:\d+: runtime error:")
 
 
 class ValgrindErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
         # just grab the summary, valgrind doesn't clearly distinguish errors
         # from other log messages.
-        super(ValgrindErrorParser, self).__init__(r"==\d+== ERROR SUMMARY:")
+        super().__init__(r"==\d+== ERROR SUMMARY:")
 
 
 class CompatErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(CompatErrorParser, self).__init__(r"==== .*[Ee]rror.* ====$")
+        super().__init__(r"==== .*[Ee]rror.* ====$")
 
 
 class TsanErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(TsanErrorParser, self).__init__(r"WARNING: ThreadSanitizer:")
+        super().__init__(r"WARNING: ThreadSanitizer:")
 
 
 _TEST_NAME_TO_PARSERS = {

build_tools/fbcode_config.sh

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ CLANG_LIB="$CLANG_BASE/lib"
 CLANG_SRC="$CLANG_BASE/../../src"
 
 CLANG_ANALYZER="$CLANG_BIN/clang++"
-CLANG_SCAN_BUILD="$CLANG_SRC/llvm/tools/clang/tools/scan-build/bin/scan-build"
+CLANG_SCAN_BUILD="$CLANG_BIN/scan-build
 
 if [ -z "$USE_CLANG" ]; then
   # gcc
@@ -164,12 +164,4 @@ EXEC_LDFLAGS_SHARED="$SNAPPY_LIBS $ZLIB_LIBS $BZIP_LIBS $LZ4_LIBS $ZSTD_LIBS $GF
 
 VALGRIND_VER="$VALGRIND_BASE/bin/"
 
-LUA_PATH="$LUA_BASE"
-
-if test -z $PIC_BUILD; then
-  LUA_LIB=" $LUA_PATH/lib/liblua.a"
-else
-  LUA_LIB=" $LUA_PATH/lib/liblua_pic.a"
-fi
-
-export CC CXX AR CFLAGS CXXFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS_SHARED VALGRIND_VER JEMALLOC_LIB JEMALLOC_INCLUDE CLANG_ANALYZER CLANG_SCAN_BUILD LUA_PATH LUA_LIB
+export CC CXX AR CFLAGS CXXFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS_SHARED VALGRIND_VER JEMALLOC_LIB JEMALLOC_INCLUDE CLANG_ANALYZER CLANG_SCAN_BUILD

build_tools/fbcode_config_platform010.sh

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ fi
 if ! test $ROCKSDB_DISABLE_ZSTD; then
   ZSTD_INCLUDE=" -I $ZSTD_BASE/include/"
   ZSTD_LIBS=" $ZSTD_BASE/lib/libzstd${MAYBE_PIC}.a"
-  CFLAGS+=" -DZSTD"
+  CFLAGS+=" -DZSTD -DZSTD_STATIC_LINKING_ONLY"
 fi
 
 # location of gflags headers and libraries
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ CLANG_LIB="$CLANG_BASE/lib"
 CLANG_SRC="$CLANG_BASE/../../src"
 
 CLANG_ANALYZER="$CLANG_BIN/clang++"
-CLANG_SCAN_BUILD="$CLANG_SRC/llvm/clang/tools/scan-build/bin/scan-build"
+CLANG_SCAN_BUILD="$CLANG_BIN/scan-build"
 
 if [ -z "$USE_CLANG" ]; then
   # gcc
@@ -172,4 +172,4 @@ EXEC_LDFLAGS_SHARED="$SNAPPY_LIBS $ZLIB_LIBS $BZIP_LIBS $LZ4_LIBS $ZSTD_LIBS $GF
 
 VALGRIND_VER="$VALGRIND_BASE/bin/"
 
-export CC CXX AR AS CFLAGS CXXFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS_SHARED VALGRIND_VER JEMALLOC_LIB JEMALLOC_INCLUDE CLANG_ANALYZER CLANG_SCAN_BUILD LUA_PATH LUA_LIB
+export CC CXX AR AS CFLAGS CXXFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS EXEC_LDFLAGS_SHARED VALGRIND_VER JEMALLOC_LIB JEMALLOC_INCLUDE CLANG_ANALYZER CLANG_SCAN_BUILD

build_tools/format-diff.sh

@@ -7,14 +7,18 @@ print_usage () {
   echo "Usage:"
   echo "format-diff.sh [OPTIONS]"
   echo "-c: check only."
+  echo "-y: auto-apply formatting without prompts (non-interactive mode)."
   echo "-h: print this message."
 }
 
-while getopts ':ch' OPTION; do
+while getopts ':cyh' OPTION; do
   case "$OPTION" in
     c)
       CHECK_ONLY=1
       ;;
+    y)
+      AUTO_APPLY=1
+      ;;
     h)
       print_usage
       exit 1
@@ -118,6 +122,9 @@ fi
 # fi
 set -e
 
+# Exclude third-party from formatting
+EXCLUDE=':!third-party/'
+
 uncommitted_code=`git diff HEAD`
 
 # If there's no uncommitted changes, we assume user are doing post-commit
@@ -137,18 +144,85 @@ then
   # should be relevant for formatting fixes.
   FORMAT_UPSTREAM_MERGE_BASE="$(git merge-base "$FORMAT_UPSTREAM" HEAD)"
   # Get the differences
-  diffs=$(git diff -U0 "$FORMAT_UPSTREAM_MERGE_BASE" | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -p 1)
+  diffs=$(git diff -U0 "$FORMAT_UPSTREAM_MERGE_BASE" -- $EXCLUDE | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -p 1) || true
   echo "Checking format of changes not yet in $FORMAT_UPSTREAM..."
 else
   # Check the format of uncommitted lines,
-  diffs=$(git diff -U0 HEAD | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -p 1)
+  diffs=$(git diff -U0 HEAD -- $EXCLUDE | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -p 1) || true
   echo "Checking format of uncommitted changes..."
 fi
 
+# Check for missing copyright in new files
+echo "Checking for copyright headers in new files..."
+
+# Get list of new files (added, not just modified)
+if [ -z "$uncommitted_code" ]; then
+  # Post-commit: check files added since merge base
+  new_files=$(git diff --name-only --diff-filter=A "$FORMAT_UPSTREAM_MERGE_BASE" -- '*.h' '*.cc' '*.py' $EXCLUDE)
+else
+  # Pre-commit: check staged new files
+  new_files=$(git diff --name-only --diff-filter=A --cached HEAD -- '*.h' '*.cc' '*.py' $EXCLUDE)
+fi
+
+if [ -n "$new_files" ]; then
+  files_missing_copyright=""
+
+  for file in $new_files; do
+    if [ -f "$file" ]; then
+      # Check if file is missing copyright
+      # For .py files, check for Python-style comment
+      # For .h and .cc files, check for C++-style comment
+      if [[ "$file" == *.py ]]; then
+        if ! grep -q "Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates" "$file"; then
+          files_missing_copyright="$files_missing_copyright $file"
+          # Add copyright header to Python file
+          temp_file=$(mktemp)
+          {
+            echo "#  Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates."
+            echo "#  This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the COPYING file in the root directory)"
+            echo "#  and the Apache 2.0 License (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory)."
+            echo
+            cat "$file"
+          } > "$temp_file"
+          mv "$temp_file" "$file"
+          echo "Added copyright header to $file"
+        fi
+      elif [[ "$file" == *.h ]] || [[ "$file" == *.cc ]]; then
+        if ! grep -q "Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates" "$file"; then
+          files_missing_copyright="$files_missing_copyright $file"
+          # Add copyright header to C++ file
+          temp_file=$(mktemp)
+          {
+            echo "//  Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates. "
+            echo "//  This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the "
+            echo "//  COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License "
+            echo "//  (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory)."
+            echo
+            cat "$file"
+          } > "$temp_file"
+          mv "$temp_file" "$file"
+          echo "Added copyright header to $file"
+        fi
+      fi
+    fi
+  done
+
+  if [ -n "$files_missing_copyright" ]; then
+    echo "Copyright headers were added to new files."
+  else
+    echo "All new files have copyright headers."
+  fi
+else
+  echo "No new files to check for copyright headers."
+fi
+
 if [ -z "$diffs" ]
 then
   echo "Nothing needs to be reformatted!"
   exit 0
+elif [ $? -ne 1 ]; then
+  # CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF will exit on 1 while there is suggested changes.
+  exit $?
 elif [ $CHECK_ONLY ]
 then
   echo "Your change has unformatted code. Please run make format!"
@@ -170,11 +244,16 @@ echo "$diffs" |
   sed -e "s/\(^-.*$\)/`echo -e \"$COLOR_RED\1$COLOR_END\"`/" |
   sed -e "s/\(^+.*$\)/`echo -e \"$COLOR_GREEN\1$COLOR_END\"`/"
 
-echo -e "Would you like to fix the format automatically (y/n): \c"
+# Handle auto-apply mode (non-interactive)
+if [ "$AUTO_APPLY" ]; then
+  to_fix="y"
+else
+  echo -e "Would you like to fix the format automatically (y/n): \c"
 
-# Make sure under any mode, we can read user input.
-exec < /dev/tty
-read to_fix
+  # Make sure under any mode, we can read user input.
+  exec < /dev/tty
+  read to_fix
+fi
 
 if [ "$to_fix" != "y" ]
 then
@@ -184,14 +263,15 @@ fi
 # Do in-place format adjustment.
 if [ -z "$uncommitted_code" ]
 then
-  git diff -U0 "$FORMAT_UPSTREAM_MERGE_BASE" | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -i -p 1
+  git diff -U0 "$FORMAT_UPSTREAM_MERGE_BASE" -- $EXCLUDE | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -i -p 1
 else
-  git diff -U0 HEAD | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -i -p 1
+  git diff -U0 HEAD -- $EXCLUDE | $CLANG_FORMAT_DIFF -i -p 1
 fi
 echo "Files reformatted!"
 
 # Amend to last commit if user do the post-commit format check
-if [ -z "$uncommitted_code" ]; then
+# Skip amend prompt in auto-apply mode (user can amend manually if desired)
+if [ -z "$uncommitted_code" ] && [ -z "$AUTO_APPLY" ]; then
   echo -e "Would you like to amend the changes to last commit (`git log HEAD --oneline | head -1`)? (y/n): \c"
   read to_amend
 

build_tools/getdeps_fallback_mirror.py

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Pre-download packages with unreliable mirrors using fallback mirrors.
+Reads package info from folly's getdeps manifest files.
+"""
+import sys
+import os
+import hashlib
+import subprocess
+import configparser
+
+def sha256_file(path):
+    """Calculate SHA256 hash of a file."""
+    h = hashlib.sha256()
+    try:
+        with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+            for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(65536), b''):
+                h.update(chunk)
+        return h.hexdigest()
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+def parse_manifest(manifest_path):
+    """Parse a getdeps manifest file to extract download info."""
+    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
+    try:
+        config.read(manifest_path)
+        if 'download' in config:
+            return {
+                'url': config['download'].get('url', ''),
+                'sha256': config['download'].get('sha256', ''),
+            }
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return None
+
+def get_fallback_mirrors(url):
+    """Get fallback mirror URLs for a given URL."""
+    # Fallback mirror patterns for known unreliable hosts
+    mirror_fallbacks = {
+        "ftp.gnu.org/gnu/": [
+            "https://mirrors.kernel.org/gnu/",
+            "https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/",
+            "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/",
+        ],
+        "ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/": [
+            "https://mirrors.kernel.org/gnu/",
+            "https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/",
+            "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/",
+        ],
+    }
+
+    for pattern, mirrors in mirror_fallbacks.items():
+        if pattern in url:
+            # Extract the path after the pattern
+            path_start = url.find(pattern) + len(pattern)
+            path = url[path_start:]
+            return [mirror + path for mirror in mirrors]
+    return [url]  # No fallback, use original
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) != 4:
+        print(f"Usage: {sys.argv[0]} <download_dir> <cache_dir> <manifests_dir>")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    download_dir, cache_dir, manifests_dir = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3]
+
+    # Packages known to have unreliable mirrors
+    packages_to_check = ["autoconf", "automake", "libtool"]
+
+    for package in packages_to_check:
+        manifest_path = os.path.join(manifests_dir, package)
+        if not os.path.exists(manifest_path):
+            continue
+
+        info = parse_manifest(manifest_path)
+        if not info or not info['url'] or not info['sha256']:
+            continue
+
+        # Determine filename from URL
+        url = info['url']
+        expected_sha256 = info['sha256']
+        url_filename = os.path.basename(url)
+
+        # getdeps uses format: {package}-{filename}
+        filename = f"{package}-{url_filename}"
+        filepath = os.path.join(download_dir, filename)
+        cache_path = os.path.join(cache_dir, filename)
+
+        # Check if already valid
+        if os.path.exists(filepath) and sha256_file(filepath) == expected_sha256:
+            print(f"  {filename}: OK (already downloaded)")
+            continue
+
+        # Check cache
+        if os.path.exists(cache_path) and sha256_file(cache_path) == expected_sha256:
+            print(f"  {filename}: OK (from cache)")
+            subprocess.run(['cp', cache_path, filepath], check=True)
+            continue
+
+        # Try fallback mirrors
+        mirrors = get_fallback_mirrors(url)
+        downloaded = False
+        for mirror_url in mirrors:
+            print(f"  {filename}: trying {mirror_url}...")
+            try:
+                subprocess.run(['wget', '-q', '-O', filepath, mirror_url], check=True, timeout=120)
+                if sha256_file(filepath) == expected_sha256:
+                    print(f"  {filename}: OK (downloaded)")
+                    subprocess.run(['cp', filepath, cache_path], check=False)
+                    downloaded = True
+                    break
+                else:
+                    os.remove(filepath)
+            except Exception:
+                if os.path.exists(filepath):
+                    os.remove(filepath)
+
+        if not downloaded:
+            print(f"  {filename}: WARNING - all mirrors failed")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

build_tools/gnu_parallel

@@ -1561,7 +1561,7 @@ sub save_stdin_stdout_stderr {
 	::die_bug("Can't dup STDERR: $!");
     open $Global::original_stdin, "<&", "STDIN" or
 	::die_bug("Can't dup STDIN: $!");
-    $Global::is_terminal = (-t $Global::original_stderr) && !$ENV{'CIRCLECI'} && !$ENV{'TRAVIS'};
+    $Global::is_terminal = (-t $Global::original_stderr) && !$ENV{'CIRCLECI'}&& !$ENV{'GITHUB_ACTIONS'}  && !$ENV{'TRAVIS'};
 }
 
 sub enough_file_handles {
@@ -1913,7 +1913,7 @@ sub drain_job_queue {
                     }
                     $last_progress_time = time();
                     $ps_reported = 0;
-                } elsif (not $ps_reported and (time() - $last_progress_time) >= 60) {
+                } elsif (not $ps_reported and (time() - $last_progress_time) >= 300) {
                     # No progress in at least 60 seconds: run ps
                     print $Global::original_stderr "\n";
                     my $script_dir = ::dirname($0);

build_tools/ubuntu22_image/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# INSTRUCTIONS:
+# I was not able to build docker images on an isolated devserver because of
+# issues with proxy internet access. Use a public cloud or other Linux system.
+# (I used a Debian system after installing docker features, adding my user to
+# the docker and docker-registry groups, and logging out and back in to pick
+# those up.)
+#
+# Meta employees: see https://fburl.com/rocksdb-docker to build this on a devvm.
+#
+# Follow https://docs.github.com/en/packages/working-with-a-github-packages-registry/working-with-the-container-registry#authenticating-with-a-personal-access-token-classic
+# to login with your GitHub credentials, as in
+#
+# $ docker login ghcr.io -u pdillinger
+#
+# and paste the limited-purpose GitHub token into the terminal.
+#
+# Then in the build_tools/ubuntu22_image directory, (bump minor version for
+# random docker file updates, major version tracks Ubuntu release)
+#
+# $ docker build -t ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.2
+# $ docker push ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:22.2
+#
+# Might need to change visibility to public through
+# https://github.com/orgs/facebook/packages/container/rocksdb_ubuntu/settings
+# or similar.
+
+# from official ubuntu 22.04
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+# update system
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+# install basic tools
+RUN apt-get install -y vim wget curl ccache
+# install tzdata noninteractive
+RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive TZ=Etc/UTC apt-get -y install tzdata
+# install git and default compilers
+RUN apt-get install -y git gcc g++ clang clang-tools
+# install basic package
+RUN apt-get install -y lsb-release software-properties-common gnupg
+# install gflags, tbb
+RUN apt-get install -y libgflags-dev libtbb-dev
+# install compression libs
+RUN apt-get install -y libsnappy-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev
+# install cmake
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake
+RUN apt-get install -y libssl-dev
+# install clang-13
+WORKDIR /root
+RUN wget https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh
+RUN chmod +x llvm.sh
+RUN ./llvm.sh 13 all
+# There are incompatibilities between clang with -std=c++20 and libstdc++
+# provided by gcc, so we have to compile with clang-13 using -stdlib=libc++
+# and only one version of libc++ can be installed on the system at one time.
+# So to avoid confusion we remove unusable clang-14 also.
+RUN apt-get install libc++-13-dev libc++abi-13-dev
+RUN apt-get purge -y clang-14 && apt-get autoremove -y
+
+# install gcc-10 and more, default is 11
+RUN apt-get install -y gcc-10 g++-10
+RUN add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
+RUN apt-get install -y gcc-13 g++-13
+# install apt-get install -y valgrind
+RUN apt-get install -y valgrind
+# install folly depencencies
+# Missing compatible libunwind: RUN apt-get install -y libgoogle-glog-dev
+# So instead install from source. This currently requires compiling with
+# -DGLOG_USE_GLOG_EXPORT
+RUN wget https://github.com/google/glog/archive/refs/tags/v0.7.1.tar.gz && tar xzf v0.7.1.tar.gz && cd glog-0.7.1/ && cmake -S . -B build -G "Unix Makefiles" && cmake --build build && cmake --build build --target install && cd .. && rm -rf v0.7.1.tar.gz glog-0.7.1
+# install openjdk 8
+RUN apt-get install -y openjdk-8-jdk
+ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64
+# install mingw
+RUN apt-get install -y mingw-w64
+
+# install gtest-parallel package
+RUN git clone --single-branch --branch master --depth 1 https://github.com/google/gtest-parallel.git ~/gtest-parallel
+ENV PATH $PATH:/root/gtest-parallel
+
+# install libprotobuf for fuzzers test
+RUN apt-get install -y ninja-build binutils liblzma-dev libz-dev pkg-config autoconf libtool
+RUN git clone --branch v1.0 https://github.com/google/libprotobuf-mutator.git ~/libprotobuf-mutator && cd ~/libprotobuf-mutator && git checkout ffd86a32874e5c08a143019aad1aaf0907294c9f && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-13 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-13 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLIB_PROTO_MUTATOR_DOWNLOAD_PROTOBUF=ON && ninja && ninja install
+ENV PKG_CONFIG_PATH /usr/local/OFF/:/root/libprotobuf-mutator/build/external.protobuf/lib/pkgconfig/
+ENV PROTOC_BIN /root/libprotobuf-mutator/build/external.protobuf/bin/protoc
+
+# install the latest google benchmark
+RUN git clone --depth 1 --branch v1.7.0 https://github.com/google/benchmark.git ~/benchmark && cd ~/benchmark && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBENCHMARK_ENABLE_GTEST_TESTS=0 && ninja && ninja install && cd ~ && rm -rf /root/benchmark
+
+# clean up
+RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

build_tools/ubuntu24_image/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# INSTRUCTIONS:
+# I was not able to build docker images on an isolated devserver because of
+# issues with proxy internet access. Use a public cloud or other Linux system.
+# (I used a Debian system after installing docker features, adding my user to
+# the docker and docker-registry groups, and logging out and back in to pick
+# those up.)
+#
+# Meta employees: see https://fburl.com/rocksdb-docker to build this on a devvm.
+#
+# Follow https://docs.github.com/en/packages/working-with-a-github-packages-registry/working-with-the-container-registry#authenticating-with-a-personal-access-token-classic
+# to login with your GitHub credentials, as in
+#
+# $ docker login ghcr.io -u pdillinger
+#
+# and paste the limited-purpose GitHub token into the terminal.
+#
+# Then in the build_tools/ubuntu24_image directory, (bump minor version for
+# random docker file updates, major version tracks Ubuntu release)
+#
+# $ docker build -t ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+# $ docker push ghcr.io/facebook/rocksdb_ubuntu:24.1
+#
+# Might need to change visibility to public through
+# https://github.com/orgs/facebook/packages/container/rocksdb_ubuntu/settings
+# or similar.
+
+# from official ubuntu 24.04
+FROM ubuntu:24.04
+# update system
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get upgrade -y
+# install basic tools
+RUN apt-get install -y vim wget curl ccache
+# install tzdata noninteractive
+RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive TZ=Etc/UTC apt-get -y install tzdata
+# install git and default compilers
+RUN apt-get install -y git gcc g++ clang clang-tools
+# install clang-21 from LLVM snapshot repo
+RUN curl -fsSL https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/llvm.gpg && \
+    echo "deb https://apt.llvm.org/noble/ llvm-toolchain-noble-21 main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/llvm-21.list && \
+    apt-get update && apt-get install -y clang-21
+# install basic package
+RUN apt-get install -y lsb-release software-properties-common gnupg
+# install gflags, tbb
+RUN apt-get install -y libgflags-dev libtbb-dev
+# install compression libs
+RUN apt-get install -y libsnappy-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev
+# install cmake
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake
+RUN apt-get install -y libssl-dev
+
+# install gcc-12 and more, default is 13
+RUN apt-get install -y gcc-12 g++-12 gcc-14 g++-14
+# install apt-get install -y valgrind
+RUN apt-get install -y valgrind
+# install folly depencencies
+RUN apt-get install -y libgoogle-glog-dev
+# install openjdk 8
+RUN apt-get install -y openjdk-8-jdk
+ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64
+# install mingw
+RUN apt-get install -y mingw-w64
+
+# install gtest-parallel package
+RUN git clone --single-branch --branch master --depth 1 https://github.com/google/gtest-parallel.git ~/gtest-parallel
+ENV PATH $PATH:/root/gtest-parallel
+
+# install libprotobuf for fuzzers test
+RUN apt-get install -y ninja-build binutils liblzma-dev libz-dev pkg-config autoconf libtool
+RUN git clone --branch v1.0 https://github.com/google/libprotobuf-mutator.git ~/libprotobuf-mutator && cd ~/libprotobuf-mutator && git checkout ffd86a32874e5c08a143019aad1aaf0907294c9f && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLIB_PROTO_MUTATOR_DOWNLOAD_PROTOBUF=ON && ninja && ninja install
+ENV PKG_CONFIG_PATH /usr/local/OFF/:/root/libprotobuf-mutator/build/external.protobuf/lib/pkgconfig/
+ENV PROTOC_BIN /root/libprotobuf-mutator/build/external.protobuf/bin/protoc
+
+# install the latest google benchmark
+RUN git clone --depth 1 --branch v1.7.0 https://github.com/google/benchmark.git ~/benchmark && cd ~/benchmark && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBENCHMARK_ENABLE_GTEST_TESTS=0 && ninja && ninja install && cd ~ && rm -rf /root/benchmark
+
+# clean up
+RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

build_tools/update_dependencies.sh

@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ touch "$OUTPUT"
 echo "Writing dependencies to $OUTPUT"
 
 # Compilers locations
-GCC_BASE=`readlink -f $TP2_LATEST/gcc/11.x/centos7-native/*/`
-CLANG_BASE=`readlink -f $TP2_LATEST/llvm-fb/12/platform010/*/`
+GCC_BASE=`readlink -f $TP2_LATEST/gcc/11.x/centos8-native/*/`
+CLANG_BASE=`readlink -f $TP2_LATEST/llvm-fb/15/platform010/*/`
 
 log_header
 log_variable GCC_BASE
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ log_variable CLANG_BASE
 get_lib_base libgcc     11.x    platform010
 get_lib_base glibc      2.34    platform010
 get_lib_base snappy     LATEST  platform010
-get_lib_base zlib       LATEST  platform010
+get_lib_base zlib       1.2.8   platform010
 get_lib_base bzip2      LATEST  platform010
 get_lib_base lz4        LATEST  platform010
 get_lib_base zstd       LATEST  platform010
@@ -99,8 +99,7 @@ get_lib_base liburing   LATEST  platform010
 get_lib_base benchmark  LATEST  platform010
 
 get_lib_base kernel-headers fb platform010
-get_lib_base binutils   LATEST centos7-native
+get_lib_base binutils   LATEST centos8-native
 get_lib_base valgrind   LATEST platform010
-get_lib_base lua        5.3.4  platform010
 
 git diff $OUTPUT

cache/cache.cc

@@ -54,11 +54,6 @@ static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo>
          {offsetof(struct CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions, compression_type),
           OptionType::kCompressionType, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
           OptionTypeFlags::kMutable}},
-        {"compress_format_version",
-         {offsetof(struct CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions,
-                   compress_format_version),
-          OptionType::kUInt32T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
-          OptionTypeFlags::kMutable}},
         {"enable_custom_split_merge",
          {offsetof(struct CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions,
                    enable_custom_split_merge),
@@ -118,7 +113,6 @@ Status SecondaryCache::CreateFromString(
       sec_cache = NewCompressedSecondaryCache(sec_cache_opts);
     }
 
-
     if (status.ok()) {
       result->swap(sec_cache);
     }
@@ -133,19 +127,25 @@ Status Cache::CreateFromString(const ConfigOptions& config_options,
                                std::shared_ptr<Cache>* result) {
   Status status;
   std::shared_ptr<Cache> cache;
-  if (value.find('=') == std::string::npos) {
-    cache = NewLRUCache(ParseSizeT(value));
-  } else {
-    LRUCacheOptions cache_opts;
-    status = OptionTypeInfo::ParseStruct(config_options, "",
-                                         &lru_cache_options_type_info, "",
-                                         value, &cache_opts);
-    if (status.ok()) {
-      cache = NewLRUCache(cache_opts);
+  if (StartsWith(value, "null")) {
+    cache = nullptr;
+  } else if (value.find("://") == std::string::npos) {
+    if (value.find('=') == std::string::npos) {
+      cache = NewLRUCache(ParseSizeT(value));
+    } else {
+      LRUCacheOptions cache_opts;
+      status = OptionTypeInfo::ParseStruct(config_options, "",
+                                           &lru_cache_options_type_info, "",
+                                           value, &cache_opts);
+      if (status.ok()) {
+        cache = NewLRUCache(cache_opts);
+      }
     }
-  }
-  if (status.ok()) {
-    result->swap(cache);
+    if (status.ok()) {
+      result->swap(cache);
+    }
+  } else {
+    status = LoadSharedObject<Cache>(config_options, value, result);
   }
   return status;
 }

cache/cache_bench_tool.cc

@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ DEFINE_uint64(cache_size, 1 * GiB,
               "Number of bytes to use as a cache of uncompressed data.");
 DEFINE_int32(num_shard_bits, -1,
              "ShardedCacheOptions::shard_bits. Default = auto");
+DEFINE_int32(
+    eviction_effort_cap,
+    ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::HyperClockCacheOptions(1, 1).eviction_effort_cap,
+    "HyperClockCacheOptions::eviction_effort_cap");
 
 DEFINE_double(resident_ratio, 0.25,
               "Ratio of keys fitting in cache to keyspace.");
@@ -56,6 +60,8 @@ DEFINE_uint32(value_bytes, 8 * KiB, "Size of each value added.");
 DEFINE_uint32(value_bytes_estimate, 0,
               "If > 0, overrides estimated_entry_charge or "
               "min_avg_entry_charge depending on cache_type.");
+DEFINE_double(compressible_to_ratio, 0.5,
+              "Approximate size ratio that values can be compressed to.");
 
 DEFINE_int32(
     degenerate_hash_bits, 0,
@@ -63,11 +69,22 @@ DEFINE_int32(
 DEFINE_uint32(skew, 5, "Degree of skew in key selection. 0 = no skew");
 DEFINE_bool(populate_cache, true, "Populate cache before operations");
 
-DEFINE_uint32(lookup_insert_percent, 87,
+DEFINE_double(pinned_ratio, 0.25,
+              "Keep roughly this portion of entries pinned in cache.");
+DEFINE_double(
+    vary_capacity_ratio, 0.0,
+    "If greater than 0.0, will periodically vary the capacity between this "
+    "ratio less than full size and full size. If vary_capacity_ratio + "
+    "pinned_ratio is close to or exceeds 1.0, the cache might thrash.");
+
+DEFINE_uint32(lookup_insert_percent, 82,
               "Ratio of lookup (+ insert on not found) to total workload "
               "(expressed as a percentage)");
 DEFINE_uint32(insert_percent, 2,
               "Ratio of insert to total workload (expressed as a percentage)");
+DEFINE_uint32(blind_insert_percent, 5,
+              "Ratio of insert without keeping handle to total workload "
+              "(expressed as a percentage)");
 DEFINE_uint32(lookup_percent, 10,
               "Ratio of lookup to total workload (expressed as a percentage)");
 DEFINE_uint32(erase_percent, 1,
@@ -101,9 +118,8 @@ DEFINE_uint32(seed, 0, "Hashing/random seed to use. 0 = choose at random");
 
 DEFINE_string(secondary_cache_uri, "",
               "Full URI for creating a custom secondary cache object");
-static class std::shared_ptr<ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::SecondaryCache> secondary_cache;
 
-DEFINE_string(cache_type, "lru_cache", "Type of block cache.");
+DEFINE_string(cache_type, "hyper_clock_cache", "Type of block cache.");
 
 DEFINE_bool(use_jemalloc_no_dump_allocator, false,
             "Whether to use JemallocNoDumpAllocator");
@@ -168,6 +184,11 @@ DEFINE_bool(sck_randomize, false,
 DEFINE_bool(sck_footer_unique_id, false,
             "(-stress_cache_key) Simulate using proposed footer unique id");
 // ## END stress_cache_key sub-tool options ##
+// ## BEGIN stress_cache_instances sub-tool options ##
+DEFINE_uint32(stress_cache_instances, 0,
+              "If > 0, run cache instance stress test instead");
+// Uses cache_size and cache_type, maybe more
+// ## END stress_cache_instance sub-tool options ##
 
 namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
 
@@ -177,10 +198,9 @@ namespace {
 class SharedState {
  public:
   explicit SharedState(CacheBench* cache_bench)
-      : cv_(&mu_),
-        cache_bench_(cache_bench) {}
+      : cv_(&mu_), cache_bench_(cache_bench) {}
 
-  ~SharedState() {}
+  ~SharedState() = default;
 
   port::Mutex* GetMutex() { return &mu_; }
 
@@ -200,16 +220,19 @@ class SharedState {
 
   bool Started() const { return start_; }
 
-  void AddLookupStats(uint64_t hits, uint64_t misses) {
+  void AddLookupStats(uint64_t hits, uint64_t misses, size_t pinned_count) {
     MutexLock l(&mu_);
     lookup_count_ += hits + misses;
     lookup_hits_ += hits;
+    pinned_count_ += pinned_count;
   }
 
   double GetLookupHitRatio() const {
     return 1.0 * lookup_hits_ / lookup_count_;
   }
 
+  size_t GetPinnedCount() const { return pinned_count_; }
+
  private:
   port::Mutex mu_;
   port::CondVar cv_;
@@ -221,6 +244,7 @@ class SharedState {
   uint64_t num_done_ = 0;
   uint64_t lookup_count_ = 0;
   uint64_t lookup_hits_ = 0;
+  size_t pinned_count_ = 0;
 };
 
 // Per-thread state for concurrent executions of the same benchmark.
@@ -274,10 +298,19 @@ struct KeyGen {
 
 Cache::ObjectPtr createValue(Random64& rnd, MemoryAllocator* alloc) {
   char* rv = AllocateBlock(FLAGS_value_bytes, alloc).release();
-  // Fill with some filler data, and take some CPU time
-  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < FLAGS_value_bytes; i += 8) {
+  // Fill with some filler data, and take some CPU time, but add redundancy
+  // as requested for compressibility.
+  uint32_t random_fill_size = std::max(
+      uint32_t{1}, std::min(FLAGS_value_bytes,
+                            static_cast<uint32_t>(FLAGS_compressible_to_ratio *
+                                                  FLAGS_value_bytes)));
+  uint32_t i = 0;
+  for (; i < random_fill_size; i += 8) {
     EncodeFixed64(rv + i, rnd.Next());
   }
+  for (; i < FLAGS_value_bytes; i++) {
+    rv[i] = rv[i % random_fill_size];
+  }
   return rv;
 }
 
@@ -292,16 +325,16 @@ Status SaveToFn(Cache::ObjectPtr from_obj, size_t /*from_offset*/,
 
 Status CreateFn(const Slice& data, CompressionType /*type*/,
                 CacheTier /*source*/, Cache::CreateContext* /*context*/,
-                MemoryAllocator* /*allocator*/, Cache::ObjectPtr* out_obj,
+                MemoryAllocator* alloc, Cache::ObjectPtr* out_obj,
                 size_t* out_charge) {
-  *out_obj = new char[data.size()];
+  *out_obj = AllocateBlock(data.size(), alloc).release();
   memcpy(*out_obj, data.data(), data.size());
   *out_charge = data.size();
   return Status::OK();
 };
 
 void DeleteFn(Cache::ObjectPtr value, MemoryAllocator* alloc) {
-  CustomDeleter{alloc}(static_cast<char*>(value));
+  CacheAllocationDeleter{alloc}(static_cast<char*>(value));
 }
 
 Cache::CacheItemHelper helper1_wos(CacheEntryRole::kDataBlock, DeleteFn);
@@ -313,6 +346,28 @@ Cache::CacheItemHelper helper2(CacheEntryRole::kIndexBlock, DeleteFn, SizeFn,
 Cache::CacheItemHelper helper3_wos(CacheEntryRole::kFilterBlock, DeleteFn);
 Cache::CacheItemHelper helper3(CacheEntryRole::kFilterBlock, DeleteFn, SizeFn,
                                SaveToFn, CreateFn, &helper3_wos);
+
+void ConfigureSecondaryCache(ShardedCacheOptions& opts) {
+  if (!FLAGS_secondary_cache_uri.empty()) {
+    std::shared_ptr<SecondaryCache> secondary_cache;
+    Status s = SecondaryCache::CreateFromString(
+        ConfigOptions(), FLAGS_secondary_cache_uri, &secondary_cache);
+    if (secondary_cache == nullptr) {
+      fprintf(stderr,
+              "No secondary cache registered matching string: %s status=%s\n",
+              FLAGS_secondary_cache_uri.c_str(), s.ToString().c_str());
+      exit(1);
+    }
+    opts.secondary_cache = secondary_cache;
+  }
+}
+
+ShardedCacheBase* AsShardedCache(Cache* c) {
+  if (!FLAGS_secondary_cache_uri.empty()) {
+    c = static_cast_with_check<CacheWrapper>(c)->GetTarget().get();
+  }
+  return static_cast_with_check<ShardedCacheBase>(c);
+}
 }  // namespace
 
 class CacheBench {
@@ -327,7 +382,9 @@ class CacheBench {
                                  FLAGS_lookup_insert_percent),
         insert_threshold_(lookup_insert_threshold_ +
                           kHundredthUint64 * FLAGS_insert_percent),
-        lookup_threshold_(insert_threshold_ +
+        blind_insert_threshold_(insert_threshold_ +
+                                kHundredthUint64 * FLAGS_blind_insert_percent),
+        lookup_threshold_(blind_insert_threshold_ +
                           kHundredthUint64 * FLAGS_lookup_percent),
         erase_threshold_(lookup_threshold_ +
                          kHundredthUint64 * FLAGS_erase_percent) {
@@ -335,7 +392,12 @@ class CacheBench {
       fprintf(stderr, "Percentages must add to 100.\n");
       exit(1);
     }
+    cache_ = MakeCache();
+  }
 
+  ~CacheBench() = default;
+
+  static std::shared_ptr<Cache> MakeCache() {
     std::shared_ptr<MemoryAllocator> allocator;
     if (FLAGS_use_jemalloc_no_dump_allocator) {
       JemallocAllocatorOptions opts;
@@ -353,12 +415,13 @@ class CacheBench {
           FLAGS_cache_size, /*estimated_entry_charge=*/0, FLAGS_num_shard_bits);
       opts.hash_seed = BitwiseAnd(FLAGS_seed, INT32_MAX);
       opts.memory_allocator = allocator;
-      if (FLAGS_cache_type == "fixed_hyper_clock_cache" ||
-          FLAGS_cache_type == "hyper_clock_cache") {
+      opts.eviction_effort_cap = FLAGS_eviction_effort_cap;
+      if (FLAGS_cache_type == "fixed_hyper_clock_cache") {
         opts.estimated_entry_charge = FLAGS_value_bytes_estimate > 0
                                           ? FLAGS_value_bytes_estimate
                                           : FLAGS_value_bytes;
-      } else if (FLAGS_cache_type == "auto_hyper_clock_cache") {
+      } else if (FLAGS_cache_type == "auto_hyper_clock_cache" ||
+                 FLAGS_cache_type == "hyper_clock_cache") {
         if (FLAGS_value_bytes_estimate > 0) {
           opts.min_avg_entry_charge = FLAGS_value_bytes_estimate;
         }
@@ -366,35 +429,22 @@ class CacheBench {
         fprintf(stderr, "Cache type not supported.\n");
         exit(1);
       }
-      cache_ = opts.MakeSharedCache();
+      ConfigureSecondaryCache(opts);
+      return opts.MakeSharedCache();
     } else if (FLAGS_cache_type == "lru_cache") {
       LRUCacheOptions opts(FLAGS_cache_size, FLAGS_num_shard_bits,
                            false /* strict_capacity_limit */,
                            0.5 /* high_pri_pool_ratio */);
       opts.hash_seed = BitwiseAnd(FLAGS_seed, INT32_MAX);
       opts.memory_allocator = allocator;
-      if (!FLAGS_secondary_cache_uri.empty()) {
-        Status s = SecondaryCache::CreateFromString(
-            ConfigOptions(), FLAGS_secondary_cache_uri, &secondary_cache);
-        if (secondary_cache == nullptr) {
-          fprintf(
-              stderr,
-              "No secondary cache registered matching string: %s status=%s\n",
-              FLAGS_secondary_cache_uri.c_str(), s.ToString().c_str());
-          exit(1);
-        }
-        opts.secondary_cache = secondary_cache;
-      }
-
-      cache_ = NewLRUCache(opts);
+      ConfigureSecondaryCache(opts);
+      return NewLRUCache(opts);
     } else {
       fprintf(stderr, "Cache type not supported.\n");
       exit(1);
     }
   }
 
-  ~CacheBench() {}
-
   void PopulateCache() {
     Random64 rnd(FLAGS_seed);
     KeyGen keygen;
@@ -448,7 +498,7 @@ class CacheBench {
 
     PrintEnv();
     SharedState shared(this);
-    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ThreadState> > threads(FLAGS_threads);
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ThreadState>> threads(FLAGS_threads);
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < FLAGS_threads; i++) {
       threads[i].reset(new ThreadState(i, &shared));
       std::thread(ThreadBody, threads[i].get()).detach();
@@ -505,6 +555,8 @@ class CacheBench {
     size_t slot = cache_->GetTableAddressCount();
     printf("Final load factor: %g (%zu / %zu)\n", 1.0 * occ / slot, occ, slot);
 
+    printf("Final pinned count: %zu\n", shared.GetPinnedCount());
+
     if (FLAGS_histograms) {
       printf("\nOperation latency (ns):\n");
       HistogramImpl combined;
@@ -536,6 +588,7 @@ class CacheBench {
   // Cumulative thresholds in the space of a random uint64_t
   const uint64_t lookup_insert_threshold_;
   const uint64_t insert_threshold_;
+  const uint64_t blind_insert_threshold_;
   const uint64_t lookup_threshold_;
   const uint64_t erase_threshold_;
 
@@ -651,29 +704,44 @@ class CacheBench {
     uint64_t lookup_misses = 0;
     uint64_t lookup_hits = 0;
     // To hold handles for a non-trivial amount of time
-    Cache::Handle* handle = nullptr;
+    std::deque<Cache::Handle*> pinned;
+    size_t total_pin_count = static_cast<size_t>(
+        (FLAGS_cache_size * FLAGS_pinned_ratio) / FLAGS_value_bytes + 0.999999);
+    // For this thread. Some round up, some round down, as appropriate
+    size_t pin_count = (total_pin_count + thread->tid) / FLAGS_threads;
+
     KeyGen gen;
     const auto clock = SystemClock::Default().get();
     uint64_t start_time = clock->NowMicros();
     StopWatchNano timer(clock);
     auto system_clock = SystemClock::Default();
+    size_t steps_to_next_capacity_change = 0;
 
     for (uint64_t i = 0; i < FLAGS_ops_per_thread; i++) {
       Slice key = gen.GetRand(thread->rnd, max_key_, FLAGS_skew);
       uint64_t random_op = thread->rnd.Next();
 
+      if (FLAGS_vary_capacity_ratio > 0.0 && thread->tid == 0) {
+        if (steps_to_next_capacity_change == 0) {
+          double cut_ratio = static_cast<double>(thread->rnd.Next()) /
+                             static_cast<double>(UINT64_MAX) *
+                             FLAGS_vary_capacity_ratio;
+          cache_->SetCapacity(FLAGS_cache_size * (1.0 - cut_ratio));
+          steps_to_next_capacity_change =
+              static_cast<size_t>(FLAGS_ops_per_thread / 100);
+        } else {
+          --steps_to_next_capacity_change;
+        }
+      }
+
       if (FLAGS_histograms) {
         timer.Start();
       }
 
       if (random_op < lookup_insert_threshold_) {
-        if (handle) {
-          cache_->Release(handle);
-          handle = nullptr;
-        }
         // do lookup
-        handle = cache_->Lookup(key, &helper2, /*context*/ nullptr,
-                                Cache::Priority::LOW);
+        auto handle = cache_->Lookup(key, &helper2, /*context*/ nullptr,
+                                     Cache::Priority::LOW);
         if (handle) {
           ++lookup_hits;
           if (!FLAGS_lean) {
@@ -681,32 +749,31 @@ class CacheBench {
             result += NPHash64(static_cast<char*>(cache_->Value(handle)),
                                FLAGS_value_bytes);
           }
+          pinned.push_back(handle);
         } else {
           ++lookup_misses;
           // do insert
           Status s = cache_->Insert(
               key, createValue(thread->rnd, cache_->memory_allocator()),
-              &helper2, FLAGS_value_bytes, &handle);
+              &helper2, FLAGS_value_bytes, &pinned.emplace_back());
           assert(s.ok());
         }
       } else if (random_op < insert_threshold_) {
-        if (handle) {
-          cache_->Release(handle);
-          handle = nullptr;
-        }
         // do insert
         Status s = cache_->Insert(
             key, createValue(thread->rnd, cache_->memory_allocator()), &helper3,
-            FLAGS_value_bytes, &handle);
+            FLAGS_value_bytes, &pinned.emplace_back());
+        assert(s.ok());
+      } else if (random_op < blind_insert_threshold_) {
+        // insert without keeping a handle
+        Status s = cache_->Insert(
+            key, createValue(thread->rnd, cache_->memory_allocator()), &helper3,
+            FLAGS_value_bytes);
         assert(s.ok());
       } else if (random_op < lookup_threshold_) {
-        if (handle) {
-          cache_->Release(handle);
-          handle = nullptr;
-        }
         // do lookup
-        handle = cache_->Lookup(key, &helper2, /*context*/ nullptr,
-                                Cache::Priority::LOW);
+        auto handle = cache_->Lookup(key, &helper2, /*context*/ nullptr,
+                                     Cache::Priority::LOW);
         if (handle) {
           ++lookup_hits;
           if (!FLAGS_lean) {
@@ -714,6 +781,7 @@ class CacheBench {
             result += NPHash64(static_cast<char*>(cache_->Value(handle)),
                                FLAGS_value_bytes);
           }
+          pinned.push_back(handle);
         } else {
           ++lookup_misses;
         }
@@ -727,7 +795,6 @@ class CacheBench {
       if (FLAGS_histograms) {
         thread->latency_ns_hist.Add(timer.ElapsedNanos());
       }
-      thread->shared->AddLookupStats(lookup_hits, lookup_misses);
       if (FLAGS_usleep > 0) {
         unsigned us =
             static_cast<unsigned>(thread->rnd.Uniform(FLAGS_usleep + 1));
@@ -735,12 +802,17 @@ class CacheBench {
           system_clock->SleepForMicroseconds(us);
         }
       }
+      while (pinned.size() > pin_count) {
+        cache_->Release(pinned.front());
+        pinned.pop_front();
+      }
     }
     if (FLAGS_early_exit) {
       MutexLock l(thread->shared->GetMutex());
       exit(0);
     }
-    if (handle) {
+    thread->shared->AddLookupStats(lookup_hits, lookup_misses, pinned.size());
+    for (auto handle : pinned) {
       cache_->Release(handle);
       handle = nullptr;
     }
@@ -769,8 +841,7 @@ class CacheBench {
     printf("Cache size          : %s\n",
            BytesToHumanString(FLAGS_cache_size).c_str());
     printf("Num shard bits      : %d\n",
-           static_cast_with_check<ShardedCacheBase>(cache_.get())
-               ->GetNumShardBits());
+           AsShardedCache(cache_.get())->GetNumShardBits());
     printf("Max key             : %" PRIu64 "\n", max_key_);
     printf("Resident ratio      : %g\n", FLAGS_resident_ratio);
     printf("Skew degree         : %u\n", FLAGS_skew);
@@ -1089,6 +1160,59 @@ class StressCacheKey {
   double multiplier_ = 0.0;
 };
 
+// cache_bench -stress_cache_instances is a partially independent embedded tool
+// for evaluating the time and space required to create and destroy many cache
+// instances, as this is considered important for a default cache implementation
+// which could see many throw-away instances in handling of Options, or created
+// in large numbers for many very small DBs with many CFs. Prefix command line
+// with /usr/bin/time to see max RSS memory.
+class StressCacheInstances {
+ public:
+  void Run() {
+    const int kNumIterations = 10;
+    const auto clock = SystemClock::Default().get();
+    caches_.reserve(FLAGS_stress_cache_instances);
+
+    uint64_t total_create_time_us = 0;
+    uint64_t total_destroy_time_us = 0;
+
+    for (int iter = 0; iter < kNumIterations; ++iter) {
+      // Create many cache instances
+      uint64_t start_create = clock->NowMicros();
+      for (uint32_t i = 0; i < FLAGS_stress_cache_instances; ++i) {
+        caches_.emplace_back(CacheBench::MakeCache());
+      }
+      uint64_t end_create = clock->NowMicros();
+      uint64_t create_time = end_create - start_create;
+      total_create_time_us += create_time;
+
+      // Destroy them
+      uint64_t start_destroy = clock->NowMicros();
+      caches_.clear();
+      uint64_t end_destroy = clock->NowMicros();
+      uint64_t destroy_time = end_destroy - start_destroy;
+      total_destroy_time_us += destroy_time;
+
+      printf(
+          "Iteration %d: Created %u caches in %.3f ms, destroyed in %.3f ms\n",
+          iter + 1, FLAGS_stress_cache_instances, create_time / 1000.0,
+          destroy_time / 1000.0);
+    }
+
+    printf("Average creation time: %.3f ms (%.1f us per cache)\n",
+           static_cast<double>(total_create_time_us) / kNumIterations / 1000.0,
+           static_cast<double>(total_create_time_us) / kNumIterations /
+               FLAGS_stress_cache_instances);
+    printf("Average destruction time: %.3f ms (%.1f us per cache)\n",
+           static_cast<double>(total_destroy_time_us) / kNumIterations / 1000.0,
+           static_cast<double>(total_destroy_time_us) / kNumIterations /
+               FLAGS_stress_cache_instances);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Cache>> caches_;
+};
+
 int cache_bench_tool(int argc, char** argv) {
   ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::port::InstallStackTraceHandler();
   ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, true);
@@ -1099,6 +1223,11 @@ int cache_bench_tool(int argc, char** argv) {
     return 0;
   }
 
+  if (FLAGS_stress_cache_instances > 0) {
+    StressCacheInstances().Run();
+    return 0;
+  }
+
   if (FLAGS_threads <= 0) {
     fprintf(stderr, "threads number <= 0\n");
     exit(1);

cache/cache_entry_stats.h

@@ -101,23 +101,23 @@ class CacheEntryStatsCollector {
   }
 
   // Gets saved stats, regardless of age
-  void GetStats(Stats *stats) {
+  void GetStats(Stats* stats) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(saved_mutex_);
     *stats = saved_stats_;
   }
 
-  Cache *GetCache() const { return cache_; }
+  Cache* GetCache() const { return cache_; }
 
   // Gets or creates a shared instance of CacheEntryStatsCollector in the
   // cache itself, and saves into `ptr`. This shared_ptr will hold the
   // entry in cache until all refs are destroyed.
-  static Status GetShared(Cache *raw_cache, SystemClock *clock,
-                          std::shared_ptr<CacheEntryStatsCollector> *ptr) {
+  static Status GetShared(Cache* raw_cache, SystemClock* clock,
+                          std::shared_ptr<CacheEntryStatsCollector>* ptr) {
     assert(raw_cache);
     BasicTypedCacheInterface<CacheEntryStatsCollector, CacheEntryRole::kMisc>
         cache{raw_cache};
 
-    const Slice &cache_key = GetCacheKey();
+    const Slice& cache_key = GetCacheKey();
     auto h = cache.Lookup(cache_key);
     if (h == nullptr) {
       // Not yet in cache, but Cache doesn't provide a built-in way to
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class CacheEntryStatsCollector {
   }
 
  private:
-  explicit CacheEntryStatsCollector(Cache *cache, SystemClock *clock)
+  explicit CacheEntryStatsCollector(Cache* cache, SystemClock* clock)
       : saved_stats_(),
         working_stats_(),
         last_start_time_micros_(0),
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class CacheEntryStatsCollector {
         cache_(cache),
         clock_(clock) {}
 
-  static const Slice &GetCacheKey() {
+  static const Slice& GetCacheKey() {
     // For each template instantiation
     static CacheKey ckey = CacheKey::CreateUniqueForProcessLifetime();
     static Slice ckey_slice = ckey.AsSlice();
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ class CacheEntryStatsCollector {
   uint64_t last_start_time_micros_;
   uint64_t last_end_time_micros_;
 
-  Cache *const cache_;
-  SystemClock *const clock_;
+  Cache* const cache_;
+  SystemClock* const clock_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE

cache/cache_key.cc

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
 //              0 |      >= 1<<63 | CreateUniqueForProcessLifetime
 //            > 0 |           any | OffsetableCacheKey.WithOffset
 
-CacheKey CacheKey::CreateUniqueForCacheLifetime(Cache *cache) {
+CacheKey CacheKey::CreateUniqueForCacheLifetime(Cache* cache) {
   // +1 so that we can reserve all zeros for "unset" cache key
   uint64_t id = cache->NewId() + 1;
   // Ensure we don't collide with CreateUniqueForProcessLifetime
@@ -297,8 +297,8 @@ CacheKey CacheKey::CreateUniqueForProcessLifetime() {
 //
 // TODO: Nevertheless / regardless, an efficient way to detect (and thus
 // quantify) block cache corruptions, including collisions, should be added.
-OffsetableCacheKey::OffsetableCacheKey(const std::string &db_id,
-                                       const std::string &db_session_id,
+OffsetableCacheKey::OffsetableCacheKey(const std::string& db_id,
+                                       const std::string& db_session_id,
                                        uint64_t file_number) {
   UniqueId64x2 internal_id;
   Status s = GetSstInternalUniqueId(db_id, db_session_id, file_number,

cache/cache_key.h

@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ class CacheKey {
   inline Slice AsSlice() const {
     static_assert(sizeof(*this) == 16, "Standardized on 16-byte cache key");
     assert(!IsEmpty());
-    return Slice(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(this), sizeof(*this));
+    return Slice(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this));
   }
 
   // Create a CacheKey that is unique among others associated with this Cache
   // instance. Depends on Cache::NewId. This is useful for block cache
   // "reservations".
-  static CacheKey CreateUniqueForCacheLifetime(Cache *cache);
+  static CacheKey CreateUniqueForCacheLifetime(Cache* cache);
 
   // Create a CacheKey that is unique among others for the lifetime of this
   // process. This is useful for saving in a static data member so that
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class OffsetableCacheKey : private CacheKey {
 
   // Constructs an OffsetableCacheKey with the given information about a file.
   // This constructor never generates an "empty" base key.
-  OffsetableCacheKey(const std::string &db_id, const std::string &db_session_id,
+  OffsetableCacheKey(const std::string& db_id, const std::string& db_session_id,
                      uint64_t file_number);
 
   // Creates an OffsetableCacheKey from an SST unique ID, so that cache keys
@@ -134,9 +134,9 @@ class OffsetableCacheKey : private CacheKey {
     static_assert(sizeof(file_num_etc64_) == kCommonPrefixSize,
                   "8 byte common prefix expected");
     assert(!IsEmpty());
-    assert(&this->file_num_etc64_ == static_cast<const void *>(this));
+    assert(&this->file_num_etc64_ == static_cast<const void*>(this));
 
-    return Slice(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(this), kCommonPrefixSize);
+    return Slice(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), kCommonPrefixSize);
   }
 };
 

cache/cache_reservation_manager.h

@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ class CacheReservationManager {
                                         bool increase) = 0;
   virtual Status MakeCacheReservation(
       std::size_t incremental_memory_used,
-      std::unique_ptr<CacheReservationManager::CacheReservationHandle>
-          *handle) = 0;
+      std::unique_ptr<CacheReservationManager::CacheReservationHandle>*
+          handle) = 0;
   virtual std::size_t GetTotalReservedCacheSize() = 0;
   virtual std::size_t GetTotalMemoryUsed() = 0;
 };
@@ -90,11 +90,11 @@ class CacheReservationManagerImpl
                                        bool delayed_decrease = false);
 
   // no copy constructor, copy assignment, move constructor, move assignment
-  CacheReservationManagerImpl(const CacheReservationManagerImpl &) = delete;
-  CacheReservationManagerImpl &operator=(const CacheReservationManagerImpl &) =
+  CacheReservationManagerImpl(const CacheReservationManagerImpl&) = delete;
+  CacheReservationManagerImpl& operator=(const CacheReservationManagerImpl&) =
       delete;
-  CacheReservationManagerImpl(CacheReservationManagerImpl &&) = delete;
-  CacheReservationManagerImpl &operator=(CacheReservationManagerImpl &&) =
+  CacheReservationManagerImpl(CacheReservationManagerImpl&&) = delete;
+  CacheReservationManagerImpl& operator=(CacheReservationManagerImpl&&) =
       delete;
 
   ~CacheReservationManagerImpl() override;
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ class CacheReservationManagerImpl
   // REQUIRES: handle != nullptr
   Status MakeCacheReservation(
       std::size_t incremental_memory_used,
-      std::unique_ptr<CacheReservationManager::CacheReservationHandle> *handle)
+      std::unique_ptr<CacheReservationManager::CacheReservationHandle>* handle)
       override;
 
   // Return the size of the cache (which is a multiple of kSizeDummyEntry)
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class CacheReservationManagerImpl
   // For testing only - it is to help ensure the CacheItemHelperForRole<R>
   // accessed from CacheReservationManagerImpl and the one accessed from the
   // test are from the same translation units
-  static const Cache::CacheItemHelper *TEST_GetCacheItemHelperForRole();
+  static const Cache::CacheItemHelper* TEST_GetCacheItemHelperForRole();
 
  private:
   static constexpr std::size_t kSizeDummyEntry = 256 * 1024;
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ class CacheReservationManagerImpl
   bool delayed_decrease_;
   std::atomic<std::size_t> cache_allocated_size_;
   std::size_t memory_used_;
-  std::vector<Cache::Handle *> dummy_handles_;
+  std::vector<Cache::Handle*> dummy_handles_;
   CacheKey cache_key_;
 };
 
@@ -251,14 +251,14 @@ class ConcurrentCacheReservationManager
       std::shared_ptr<CacheReservationManager> cache_res_mgr) {
     cache_res_mgr_ = std::move(cache_res_mgr);
   }
-  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager(const ConcurrentCacheReservationManager &) =
+  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager(const ConcurrentCacheReservationManager&) =
       delete;
-  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager &operator=(
-      const ConcurrentCacheReservationManager &) = delete;
-  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager(ConcurrentCacheReservationManager &&) =
+  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager& operator=(
+      const ConcurrentCacheReservationManager&) = delete;
+  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager(ConcurrentCacheReservationManager&&) =
       delete;
-  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager &operator=(
-      ConcurrentCacheReservationManager &&) = delete;
+  ConcurrentCacheReservationManager& operator=(
+      ConcurrentCacheReservationManager&&) = delete;
 
   ~ConcurrentCacheReservationManager() override {}
 
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ class ConcurrentCacheReservationManager
 
   inline Status MakeCacheReservation(
       std::size_t incremental_memory_used,
-      std::unique_ptr<CacheReservationManager::CacheReservationHandle> *handle)
+      std::unique_ptr<CacheReservationManager::CacheReservationHandle>* handle)
       override {
     std::unique_ptr<CacheReservationManager::CacheReservationHandle>
         wrapped_handle;

cache/cache_reservation_manager_test.cc

@@ -129,7 +129,6 @@ TEST_F(CacheReservationManagerTest,
 
 TEST(CacheReservationManagerIncreaseReservcationOnFullCacheTest,
      IncreaseCacheReservationOnFullCache) {
-  ;
   constexpr std::size_t kSizeDummyEntry =
       CacheReservationManagerImpl<CacheEntryRole::kMisc>::GetDummyEntrySize();
   constexpr std::size_t kSmallCacheCapacity = 4 * kSizeDummyEntry;

cache/cache_test.cc

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "cache/lru_cache.h"
 #include "cache/typed_cache.h"
 #include "port/stack_trace.h"
+#include "table/block_based/block_cache.h"
 #include "test_util/secondary_cache_test_util.h"
 #include "test_util/testharness.h"
 #include "util/coding.h"
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ class CacheTest : public testing::Test,
     type_ = GetParam();
   }
 
-  ~CacheTest() override {}
+  ~CacheTest() override = default;
 
   // These functions encode/decode keys in tests cases that use
   // int keys.
@@ -643,7 +644,7 @@ using TypedHandle = SharedCache::TypedHandle;
 
 TEST_P(CacheTest, SetCapacity) {
   if (IsHyperClock()) {
-    // TODO: update test & code for limited supoort
+    // TODO: update test & code for limited support
     ROCKSDB_GTEST_BYPASS(
         "HyperClockCache doesn't support arbitrary capacity "
         "adjustments.");
@@ -766,7 +767,9 @@ TEST_P(CacheTest, OverCapacity) {
     std::string key = EncodeKey(i + 1);
     auto h = cache.Lookup(key);
     ASSERT_TRUE(h != nullptr);
-    if (h) cache.Release(h);
+    if (h) {
+      cache.Release(h);
+    }
   }
 
   // the cache is over capacity since nothing could be evicted
@@ -777,7 +780,7 @@ TEST_P(CacheTest, OverCapacity) {
 
   if (IsHyperClock()) {
     // Make sure eviction is triggered.
-    ASSERT_OK(cache.Insert(EncodeKey(-1), nullptr, 1, &handles[0]));
+    ASSERT_OK(cache.Insert(EncodeKey(-1), nullptr, 1, handles.data()));
 
     // cache is under capacity now since elements were released
     ASSERT_GE(n, cache.get()->GetUsage());
@@ -883,6 +886,32 @@ TEST_P(CacheTest, ApplyToAllEntriesDuringResize) {
   ASSERT_EQ(special_count, kSpecialCount);
 }
 
+TEST_P(CacheTest, ApplyToHandleTest) {
+  std::string callback_state;
+  const auto callback = [&](const Slice& key, Cache::ObjectPtr value,
+                            size_t charge,
+                            const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper) {
+    callback_state = std::to_string(DecodeKey(key)) + "," +
+                     std::to_string(DecodeValue(value)) + "," +
+                     std::to_string(charge);
+    assert(helper == &CacheTest::kHelper);
+  };
+
+  std::vector<std::string> inserted;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    Insert(i, i * 2, i + 1);
+    inserted.push_back(std::to_string(i) + "," + std::to_string(i * 2) + "," +
+                       std::to_string(i + 1));
+  }
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    Cache::Handle* handle = cache_->Lookup(EncodeKey(i));
+    cache_->ApplyToHandle(cache_.get(), handle, callback);
+    EXPECT_EQ(inserted[i], callback_state);
+    cache_->Release(handle);
+  }
+}
+
 TEST_P(CacheTest, DefaultShardBits) {
   // Prevent excessive allocation (to save time & space)
   estimated_value_size_ = 100000;
@@ -1015,6 +1044,63 @@ INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(CacheTestInstance, CacheTest,
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(CacheTestInstance, LRUCacheTest,
                         testing::Values(secondary_cache_test_util::kLRU));
 
+TEST(MiscBlockCacheTest, UncacheAggressivenessAdvisor) {
+  // Aggressiveness to a sequence of Report() calls (as string of 0s and 1s)
+  // exactly until the first ShouldContinue() == false.
+  const std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, Slice>> expectedTraces{
+      // Aggressiveness 1 aborts on first unsuccessful erasure.
+      {1, "0"},
+      {1, "11111111111111111111110"},
+      // For sufficient evidence, aggressiveness 2 requires a minimum of two
+      // unsuccessful erasures.
+      {2, "00"},
+      {2, "0110"},
+      {2, "1100"},
+      {2, "011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111100"},
+      {2, "0111111111111111111111111111111111110"},
+      // For sufficient evidence, aggressiveness 3 and higher require a minimum
+      // of three unsuccessful erasures.
+      {3, "000"},
+      {3, "01010"},
+      {3, "111000"},
+      {3, "00111111111111111111111111111111111100"},
+      {3, "00111111111111111111110"},
+
+      {4, "000"},
+      {4, "01010"},
+      {4, "111000"},
+      {4, "001111111111111111111100"},
+      {4, "0011111111111110"},
+
+      {6, "000"},
+      {6, "01010"},
+      {6, "111000"},
+      {6, "00111111111111100"},
+      {6, "0011111110"},
+
+      // 69 -> 50% threshold, now up to minimum of 4
+      {69, "0000"},
+      {69, "010000"},
+      {69, "01010000"},
+      {69, "101010100010101000"},
+
+      // 230 -> 10% threshold, appropriately higher minimum
+      {230, "000000000000"},
+      {230, "0000000000010000000000"},
+      {230, "00000000000100000000010000000000"}};
+  for (const auto& [aggressiveness, t] : expectedTraces) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("aggressiveness=" + std::to_string(aggressiveness) + " with " +
+                 t.ToString());
+    UncacheAggressivenessAdvisor uaa(aggressiveness);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < t.size(); ++i) {
+      SCOPED_TRACE("i=" + std::to_string(i));
+      ASSERT_TRUE(uaa.ShouldContinue());
+      uaa.Report(t[i] & 1);
+    }
+    ASSERT_FALSE(uaa.ShouldContinue());
+  }
+}
+
 }  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {

cache/clock_cache.h

@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <array>
-#include <atomic>
+#include <climits>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <memory>
@@ -18,13 +17,10 @@
 
 #include "cache/cache_key.h"
 #include "cache/sharded_cache.h"
-#include "port/lang.h"
-#include "port/malloc.h"
 #include "port/mmap.h"
-#include "port/port.h"
 #include "rocksdb/cache.h"
-#include "rocksdb/secondary_cache.h"
-#include "util/autovector.h"
+#include "util/atomic.h"
+#include "util/bit_fields.h"
 #include "util/math.h"
 
 namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
@@ -296,7 +292,7 @@ class ClockCacheTest;
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------- //
 
-struct ClockHandleBasicData {
+struct ClockHandleBasicData : public Cache::Handle {
   Cache::ObjectPtr value = nullptr;
   const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper = nullptr;
   // A lossless, reversible hash of the fixed-size (16 byte) cache key. This
@@ -321,40 +317,89 @@ struct ClockHandle : public ClockHandleBasicData {
   // | acquire counter      | release counter     | hit bit | state marker |
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-  // For reading or updating counters in meta word.
-  static constexpr uint8_t kCounterNumBits = 30;
-  static constexpr uint64_t kCounterMask = (uint64_t{1} << kCounterNumBits) - 1;
+  struct SlotMeta : public BitFields<uint64_t, SlotMeta> {
+    // For reading or updating counters in meta word.
+    static constexpr uint8_t kCounterNumBits = 30;
+    // Number of times the a reference has been acquired (or attempted)
+    // since last reset by eviction processing
+    using AcquireCounter =
+        UnsignedBitField<SlotMeta, kCounterNumBits, NoPrevBitField>;
+    // Number of times the a reference has been released (or attempted)
+    // since last reset by eviction processing
+    using ReleaseCounter =
+        UnsignedBitField<SlotMeta, kCounterNumBits, AcquireCounter>;
+    // Metadata bit in support of secondary cache
+    using HitFlag = BoolBitField<SlotMeta, ReleaseCounter>;
+    // Occupied means any state other than empty
+    using OccupiedFlag = BoolBitField<SlotMeta, HitFlag>;
+    // Shareable means the entry is reference counted (visible or invisible)
+    // (only set if also occupied)
+    using ShareableFlag = BoolBitField<SlotMeta, OccupiedFlag>;
+    // Visible is only set if also shareable (invisible can't be found by
+    // Lookup)
+    using VisibleFlag = BoolBitField<SlotMeta, ShareableFlag>;
 
-  static constexpr uint8_t kAcquireCounterShift = 0;
-  static constexpr uint64_t kAcquireIncrement = uint64_t{1}
-                                                << kAcquireCounterShift;
-  static constexpr uint8_t kReleaseCounterShift = kCounterNumBits;
-  static constexpr uint64_t kReleaseIncrement = uint64_t{1}
-                                                << kReleaseCounterShift;
+    // Convenience functions
+    uint32_t GetAcquireCounter() const { return Get<AcquireCounter>(); }
+    void SetAcquireCounter(uint32_t val) { Set<AcquireCounter>(val); }
+    uint32_t GetReleaseCounter() const { return Get<ReleaseCounter>(); }
+    void SetReleaseCounter(uint32_t val) { Set<ReleaseCounter>(val); }
+    uint32_t GetRefcount() const {
+      return Get<AcquireCounter>() - Get<ReleaseCounter>();
+    }
+    bool GetHit() const { return Get<HitFlag>(); }
+    void SetHit(bool val) { Set<HitFlag>(val); }
 
-  // For setting the hit bit
-  static constexpr uint8_t kHitBitShift = 2U * kCounterNumBits;
-  static constexpr uint64_t kHitBitMask = uint64_t{1} << kHitBitShift;
+    // Some distinct states for the various state flags
+    bool IsEmpty() const {
+      bool rv = !Get<OccupiedFlag>();
+      if (rv) {
+        assert(!Get<ShareableFlag>());
+        assert(!Get<VisibleFlag>());
+      }
+      return rv;
+    }
 
-  // For reading or updating the state marker in meta word
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateShift = kHitBitShift + 1;
+    bool IsUnderConstruction() const {
+      bool rv = Get<OccupiedFlag>() && !Get<ShareableFlag>();
+      if (rv) {
+        assert(!Get<VisibleFlag>());
+      }
+      return rv;
+    }
+    void SetUnderConstruction() {
+      Set<OccupiedFlag>(true);
+      Set<ShareableFlag>(false);
+      Set<VisibleFlag>(false);
+    }
 
-  // Bits contribution to state marker.
-  // Occupied means any state other than empty
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateOccupiedBit = 0b100;
-  // Shareable means the entry is reference counted (visible or invisible)
-  // (only set if also occupied)
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateShareableBit = 0b010;
-  // Visible is only set if also shareable
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateVisibleBit = 0b001;
+    bool IsShareable() const { return Get<ShareableFlag>(); }
+    bool IsInvisible() const {
+      bool rv = Get<ShareableFlag>() && !Get<VisibleFlag>();
+      if (rv) {
+        assert(Get<OccupiedFlag>());
+      }
+      return rv;
+    }
+    void SetInvisible() {
+      Set<OccupiedFlag>(true);
+      Set<ShareableFlag>(true);
+      Set<VisibleFlag>(false);
+    }
 
-  // Complete state markers (not shifted into full word)
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateEmpty = 0b000;
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateConstruction = kStateOccupiedBit;
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateInvisible =
-      kStateOccupiedBit | kStateShareableBit;
-  static constexpr uint8_t kStateVisible =
-      kStateOccupiedBit | kStateShareableBit | kStateVisibleBit;
+    bool IsVisible() const {
+      bool rv = Get<ShareableFlag>() && Get<VisibleFlag>();
+      if (rv) {
+        assert(Get<OccupiedFlag>());
+      }
+      return rv;
+    }
+    void SetVisible() {
+      Set<OccupiedFlag>(true);
+      Set<ShareableFlag>(true);
+      Set<VisibleFlag>(true);
+    }
+  };
 
   // Constants for initializing the countdown clock. (Countdown clock is only
   // in effect with zero refs, acquire counter == release counter, and in that
@@ -368,59 +413,76 @@ struct ClockHandle : public ClockHandleBasicData {
   // TODO: make these coundown values tuning parameters for eviction?
 
   // See above. Mutable for read reference counting.
-  mutable std::atomic<uint64_t> meta{};
+  mutable BitFieldsAtomic<SlotMeta> meta{};
 };  // struct ClockHandle
 
 class BaseClockTable {
  public:
-  BaseClockTable(CacheMetadataChargePolicy metadata_charge_policy,
+  struct BaseOpts {
+    explicit BaseOpts(int _eviction_effort_cap)
+        : eviction_effort_cap(_eviction_effort_cap) {}
+    explicit BaseOpts(const HyperClockCacheOptions& opts)
+        : BaseOpts(opts.eviction_effort_cap) {}
+    int eviction_effort_cap;
+  };
+
+  BaseClockTable(size_t capacity, bool strict_capacity_limit,
+                 int eviction_effort_cap,
+                 CacheMetadataChargePolicy metadata_charge_policy,
                  MemoryAllocator* allocator,
                  const Cache::EvictionCallback* eviction_callback,
-                 const uint32_t* hash_seed)
-      : metadata_charge_policy_(metadata_charge_policy),
-        allocator_(allocator),
-        eviction_callback_(*eviction_callback),
-        hash_seed_(*hash_seed) {}
+                 const uint32_t* hash_seed);
 
   template <class Table>
   typename Table::HandleImpl* CreateStandalone(ClockHandleBasicData& proto,
-                                               size_t capacity,
-                                               bool strict_capacity_limit,
                                                bool allow_uncharged);
 
   template <class Table>
   Status Insert(const ClockHandleBasicData& proto,
-                typename Table::HandleImpl** handle, Cache::Priority priority,
-                size_t capacity, bool strict_capacity_limit);
+                typename Table::HandleImpl** handle, Cache::Priority priority);
 
   void Ref(ClockHandle& handle);
 
-  size_t GetOccupancy() const {
-    return occupancy_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
-  }
+  size_t GetOccupancy() const { return occupancy_.LoadRelaxed(); }
 
-  size_t GetUsage() const { return usage_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed); }
+  size_t GetUsage() const { return usage_.LoadRelaxed(); }
 
-  size_t GetStandaloneUsage() const {
-    return standalone_usage_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  size_t GetStandaloneUsage() const { return standalone_usage_.LoadRelaxed(); }
+
+  size_t GetCapacity() const { return capacity_.LoadRelaxed(); }
+
+  void SetCapacity(size_t capacity) { capacity_.StoreRelaxed(capacity); }
+
+  void SetStrictCapacityLimit(bool strict_capacity_limit) {
+    if (strict_capacity_limit) {
+      eec_and_scl_.ApplyRelaxed(StrictCapacityLimit::SetTransform());
+    } else {
+      eec_and_scl_.ApplyRelaxed(StrictCapacityLimit::ClearTransform());
+    }
   }
 
   uint32_t GetHashSeed() const { return hash_seed_; }
 
-  uint64_t GetYieldCount() const { return yield_count_.load(); }
+  uint64_t GetYieldCount() const { return yield_count_.LoadRelaxed(); }
+
+  uint64_t GetEvictionEffortExceededCount() const {
+    return eviction_effort_exceeded_count_.LoadRelaxed();
+  }
 
   struct EvictionData {
     size_t freed_charge = 0;
     size_t freed_count = 0;
+    size_t seen_pinned_count = 0;
   };
 
-  void TrackAndReleaseEvictedEntry(ClockHandle* h, EvictionData* data);
+  void TrackAndReleaseEvictedEntry(ClockHandle* h);
 
+  bool IsEvictionEffortExceeded(const BaseClockTable::EvictionData& data) const;
 #ifndef NDEBUG
   // Acquire N references
-  void TEST_RefN(ClockHandle& handle, size_t n);
+  void TEST_RefN(ClockHandle& handle, uint32_t n);
   // Helper for TEST_ReleaseN
-  void TEST_ReleaseNMinus1(ClockHandle* handle, size_t n);
+  void TEST_ReleaseNMinus1(ClockHandle* handle, uint32_t n);
 #endif
 
  private:  // fns
@@ -437,7 +499,7 @@ class BaseClockTable {
   // required, and the operation should fail if not possible.
   // NOTE: Otherwise, occupancy_ is not managed in this function
   template <class Table>
-  Status ChargeUsageMaybeEvictStrict(size_t total_charge, size_t capacity,
+  Status ChargeUsageMaybeEvictStrict(size_t total_charge,
                                      bool need_evict_for_occupancy,
                                      typename Table::InsertState& state);
 
@@ -450,7 +512,7 @@ class BaseClockTable {
   // true, indicating success.
   // NOTE: occupancy_ is not managed in this function
   template <class Table>
-  bool ChargeUsageMaybeEvictNonStrict(size_t total_charge, size_t capacity,
+  bool ChargeUsageMaybeEvictNonStrict(size_t total_charge,
                                       bool need_evict_for_occupancy,
                                       typename Table::InsertState& state);
 
@@ -460,21 +522,48 @@ class BaseClockTable {
   // operations in ClockCacheShard.
 
   // Clock algorithm sweep pointer.
-  std::atomic<uint64_t> clock_pointer_{};
+  // (Relaxed: only needs to be consistent with itself.)
+  RelaxedAtomic<uint64_t> clock_pointer_{};
 
   // Counter for number of times we yield to wait on another thread.
-  std::atomic<uint64_t> yield_count_{};
+  // It is normal for this to occur rarely in normal operation.
+  // (Relaxed: a simple stat counter.)
+  RelaxedAtomic<uint64_t> yield_count_{};
+
+  // Counter for number of times eviction effort cap is exceeded.
+  // It is normal for this to occur rarely in normal operation.
+  // (Relaxed: a simple stat counter.)
+  RelaxedAtomic<uint64_t> eviction_effort_exceeded_count_{};
 
   // TODO: is this separation needed if we don't do background evictions?
   ALIGN_AS(CACHE_LINE_SIZE)
   // Number of elements in the table.
-  std::atomic<size_t> occupancy_{};
+  Atomic<size_t> occupancy_{};
 
   // Memory usage by entries tracked by the cache (including standalone)
-  std::atomic<size_t> usage_{};
+  Atomic<size_t> usage_{};
 
   // Part of usage by standalone entries (not in table)
-  std::atomic<size_t> standalone_usage_{};
+  Atomic<size_t> standalone_usage_{};
+
+  // Maximum total charge of all elements stored in the table.
+  // (Relaxed: eventual consistency/update is OK)
+  RelaxedAtomic<size_t> capacity_;
+
+  // Encodes eviction_effort_cap (bottom 31 bits) and strict_capacity_limit
+  // (top bit). See HyperClockCacheOptions::eviction_effort_cap etc.
+  struct EecAndScl : public BitFields<uint32_t, EecAndScl> {
+    uint32_t GetEffectiveEvictionEffortCap() const {
+      // Because setting strict_capacity_limit is supposed to imply infinite
+      // cap on eviction effort, we can let the bit for strict_capacity_limit
+      // in the upper-most bit position to used as part of the effective cap.
+      return underlying;
+    }
+  };
+  using EvictionEffortCap = UnsignedBitField<EecAndScl, 31, NoPrevBitField>;
+  using StrictCapacityLimit = BoolBitField<EecAndScl, EvictionEffortCap>;
+  // (Relaxed: eventual consistency/update is OK)
+  RelaxedBitFieldsAtomic<EecAndScl> eec_and_scl_;
 
   ALIGN_AS(CACHE_LINE_SIZE)
   const CacheMetadataChargePolicy metadata_charge_policy_;
@@ -500,7 +589,11 @@ class FixedHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   struct ALIGN_AS(64U) HandleImpl : public ClockHandle {
     // The number of elements that hash to this slot or a lower one, but wind
     // up in this slot or a higher one.
-    std::atomic<uint32_t> displacements{};
+    // (Relaxed: within a Cache op, does not need consistency with entries
+    // inserted/removed during that op. For example, a Lookup() that
+    // happens-after an Insert() will see an appropriate displacements value
+    // for the entry to be in a published state.)
+    RelaxedAtomic<uint32_t> displacements{};
 
     // Whether this is a "deteched" handle that is independently allocated
     // with `new` (so must be deleted with `delete`).
@@ -514,10 +607,12 @@ class FixedHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
     inline void SetStandalone() { standalone = true; }
   };  // struct HandleImpl
 
-  struct Opts {
-    explicit Opts(size_t _estimated_value_size)
-        : estimated_value_size(_estimated_value_size) {}
-    explicit Opts(const HyperClockCacheOptions& opts) {
+  struct Opts : public BaseOpts {
+    explicit Opts(size_t _estimated_value_size, int _eviction_effort_cap)
+        : BaseOpts(_eviction_effort_cap),
+          estimated_value_size(_estimated_value_size) {}
+    explicit Opts(const HyperClockCacheOptions& opts)
+        : BaseOpts(opts.eviction_effort_cap) {
       assert(opts.estimated_entry_charge > 0);
       estimated_value_size = opts.estimated_entry_charge;
     }
@@ -540,7 +635,7 @@ class FixedHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   bool GrowIfNeeded(size_t new_occupancy, InsertState& state);
 
   HandleImpl* DoInsert(const ClockHandleBasicData& proto,
-                       uint64_t initial_countdown, bool take_ref,
+                       uint32_t initial_countdown, bool take_ref,
                        InsertState& state);
 
   // Runs the clock eviction algorithm trying to reclaim at least
@@ -568,7 +663,7 @@ class FixedHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   }
 
   // Release N references
-  void TEST_ReleaseN(HandleImpl* handle, size_t n);
+  void TEST_ReleaseN(HandleImpl* handle, uint32_t n);
 #endif
 
   // The load factor p is a real number in (0, 1) such that at all
@@ -729,6 +824,7 @@ class AutoHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
     // chain--specifically the next entry in the chain.
     // * The end of a chain is given a special "end" marker and refers back
     // to the head of the chain.
+    // These decorated pointers use the NextWithShift bit field struct below.
     //
     // Why do we need shift on each pointer? To make Lookup wait-free, we need
     // to be able to query a chain without missing anything, and preferably
@@ -748,64 +844,81 @@ class AutoHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
     // it is normal to see "under construction" entries on the chain, and it
     // is not safe to read their hashed key without either a read reference
     // on the entry or a rewrite lock on the chain.
+    struct NextWithShift : public BitFields<uint64_t, NextWithShift> {
+      // The "shift" associated with this decorated pointer (see description
+      // above).
+      using Shift = UnsignedBitField<NextWithShift, 6, NoPrevBitField>;
+      // Marker for the end of a chain. Must also (a) point back to the head of
+      // the chain (with end marker removed), and (b) set the LockedFlag
+      // (below), so that attempting to lock an empty chain has no effect (not
+      // needed, as the lock is only needed for removals).
+      using EndFlag = BoolBitField<NextWithShift, Shift>;
+      // Marker that some thread owning writes to the chain structure (except
+      // for inserts), but only if not an "end" pointer. Also called the
+      // "rewrite lock."
+      using LockedFlag = BoolBitField<NextWithShift, EndFlag>;
+      // The "next" associated with this decorated pointer, which is an index
+      // into the table's array_ (see description above).
+      using Next = UnsignedBitField<NextWithShift, 56, LockedFlag>;
 
-    // Marker in a "with_shift" head pointer for some thread owning writes
-    // to the chain structure (except for inserts), but only if not an
-    // "end" pointer. Also called the "rewrite lock."
-    static constexpr uint64_t kHeadLocked = uint64_t{1} << 7;
+      bool IsLocked() const { return Get<LockedFlag>(); }
+      bool IsEnd() const {
+        // End flag should imply locked flag
+        assert(!Get<EndFlag>() || Get<LockedFlag>());
+        return Get<EndFlag>();
+      }
+      bool IsLockedNotEnd() const {
+        // NOTE: helping GCC to optimize this simpler code:
+        // return IsLocked() && !IsEnd();
+        constexpr U kEndFlag = U{1} << EndFlag::kBitOffset;
+        constexpr U kLockedFlag = U{1} << LockedFlag::kBitOffset;
+        return (underlying & (kEndFlag | kLockedFlag)) == kLockedFlag;
+      }
+      auto GetNext() const { return Get<Next>(); }
+      auto GetShift() const { return Get<Shift>(); }
 
-    // Marker in a "with_shift" pointer for the end of a chain. Must also
-    // point back to the head of the chain (with end marker removed).
-    // Also includes the "locked" bit so that attempting to lock an empty
-    // chain has no effect (not needed, as the lock is only needed for
-    // removals).
-    static constexpr uint64_t kNextEndFlags = (uint64_t{1} << 6) | kHeadLocked;
+      static NextWithShift Make(size_t next, int shift) {
+        return NextWithShift{}.With<Next>(next).With<Shift>(
+            static_cast<uint8_t>(shift));
+      }
 
-    static inline bool IsEnd(uint64_t next_with_shift) {
-      // Assuming certain values never used, suffices to check this one bit
-      constexpr auto kCheckBit = kNextEndFlags ^ kHeadLocked;
-      return next_with_shift & kCheckBit;
-    }
-
-    // Bottom bits to right shift away to get an array index from a
-    // "with_shift" pointer.
-    static constexpr int kNextShift = 8;
-
-    // A bit mask for the "shift" associated with each "with_shift" pointer.
-    // Always bottommost bits.
-    static constexpr int kShiftMask = 63;
+      static NextWithShift MakeEnd(size_t next, int shift) {
+        return Make(next, shift).With<EndFlag>(true).With<LockedFlag>(true);
+      }
+    };
 
     // A marker for head_next_with_shift that indicates this HandleImpl is
     // heap allocated (standalone) rather than in the table.
-    static constexpr uint64_t kStandaloneMarker = UINT64_MAX;
+    static constexpr NextWithShift kStandaloneMarker{UINT64_MAX};
 
     // A marker for head_next_with_shift indicating the head is not yet part
     // of the usable table, or for chain_next_with_shift indicating that the
     // entry is not present or is not yet part of a chain (must not be
     // "shareable" state).
-    static constexpr uint64_t kUnusedMarker = 0;
+    static constexpr NextWithShift kUnusedMarker{0};
 
     // See above. The head pointer is logically independent of the rest of
     // the entry, including the chain next pointer.
-    std::atomic<uint64_t> head_next_with_shift{kUnusedMarker};
-    std::atomic<uint64_t> chain_next_with_shift{kUnusedMarker};
+    BitFieldsAtomic<NextWithShift> head_next_with_shift{kUnusedMarker};
+    BitFieldsAtomic<NextWithShift> chain_next_with_shift{kUnusedMarker};
 
     // For supporting CreateStandalone and some fallback cases.
     inline bool IsStandalone() const {
-      return head_next_with_shift.load(std::memory_order_acquire) ==
-             kStandaloneMarker;
+      return head_next_with_shift.Load() == kStandaloneMarker;
     }
 
     inline void SetStandalone() {
-      head_next_with_shift.store(kStandaloneMarker, std::memory_order_release);
+      head_next_with_shift.Store(kStandaloneMarker);
     }
   };  // struct HandleImpl
 
-  struct Opts {
-    explicit Opts(size_t _min_avg_value_size)
-        : min_avg_value_size(_min_avg_value_size) {}
+  struct Opts : public BaseOpts {
+    explicit Opts(size_t _min_avg_value_size, int _eviction_effort_cap)
+        : BaseOpts(_eviction_effort_cap),
+          min_avg_value_size(_min_avg_value_size) {}
 
-    explicit Opts(const HyperClockCacheOptions& opts) {
+    explicit Opts(const HyperClockCacheOptions& opts)
+        : BaseOpts(opts.eviction_effort_cap) {
       assert(opts.estimated_entry_charge == 0);
       min_avg_value_size = opts.min_avg_entry_charge;
     }
@@ -833,7 +946,7 @@ class AutoHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   bool GrowIfNeeded(size_t new_occupancy, InsertState& state);
 
   HandleImpl* DoInsert(const ClockHandleBasicData& proto,
-                       uint64_t initial_countdown, bool take_ref,
+                       uint32_t initial_countdown, bool take_ref,
                        InsertState& state);
 
   // Runs the clock eviction algorithm trying to reclaim at least
@@ -861,7 +974,7 @@ class AutoHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   }
 
   // Release N references
-  void TEST_ReleaseN(HandleImpl* handle, size_t n);
+  void TEST_ReleaseN(HandleImpl* handle, uint32_t n);
 #endif
 
   // Maximum ratio of number of occupied slots to number of usable slots. The
@@ -904,7 +1017,8 @@ class AutoHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   // with proper handling to ensure all existing data is seen even in the
   // presence of concurrent insertions, etc. (See implementation.)
   template <class OpData>
-  void PurgeImpl(OpData* op_data, size_t home = SIZE_MAX);
+  void PurgeImpl(OpData* op_data, size_t home = SIZE_MAX,
+                 EvictionData* data = nullptr);
 
   // An RAII wrapper for locking a chain of entries for removals. See
   // implementation.
@@ -914,7 +1028,7 @@ class AutoHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   // implementation.
   template <class OpData>
   void PurgeImplLocked(OpData* op_data, ChainRewriteLock& rewrite_lock,
-                       size_t home);
+                       size_t home, EvictionData* data);
 
   // Update length_info_ as much as possible without waiting, given a known
   // usable (ready for inserts and lookups) grow_home. (Previous grow_homes
@@ -939,22 +1053,25 @@ class AutoHyperClockTable : public BaseClockTable {
   // log time to find the correct chain, but normally this value enables
   // readers to find the correct chain on the first try.
   //
-  // NOTES: length_info_ is only updated at the end of a Grow operation,
-  // so that waiting in Grow operations isn't done while entries are pinned
-  // for internal operation purposes. Thus, Lookup and Insert have to
-  // detect and support cases where length_info hasn't caught up to updated
-  // chains. Winning grow thread is the one that transitions
-  // head_next_with_shift from zeros. Grow threads can spin/yield wait for
-  // preconditions and postconditions to be met.
-  std::atomic<uint64_t> length_info_;
+  // To maximize parallelization of Grow() operations, this field is only
+  // updated opportunistically after Grow() operations and in DoInsert() where
+  // it is found to be out-of-date. See CatchUpLengthInfoNoWait().
+  Atomic<uint64_t> length_info_;
 
   // An already-computed version of the usable length times the max load
   // factor. Could be slightly out of date but GrowIfNeeded()/Grow() handle
   // that internally.
-  std::atomic<size_t> occupancy_limit_;
+  // (Relaxed: allowed to lag behind length_info_ by a little)
+  RelaxedAtomic<size_t> occupancy_limit_;
+
+  // The next index to use from array_ upon the next Grow(). Might be ahead of
+  // length_info_.
+  // (Relaxed: self-contained source of truth for next grow home)
+  RelaxedAtomic<size_t> grow_frontier_;
 
   // See explanation in AutoHyperClockTable::Evict
-  std::atomic<size_t> clock_pointer_mask_;
+  // (Relaxed: allowed to lag behind clock_pointer_ and length_info_ state)
+  RelaxedAtomic<size_t> clock_pointer_mask_;
 };  // class AutoHyperClockTable
 
 // A single shard of sharded cache.
@@ -1062,18 +1179,12 @@ class ALIGN_AS(CACHE_LINE_SIZE) ClockCacheShard final : public CacheShardBase {
     return table_.TEST_MutableOccupancyLimit();
   }
   // Acquire/release N references
-  void TEST_RefN(HandleImpl* handle, size_t n);
-  void TEST_ReleaseN(HandleImpl* handle, size_t n);
+  void TEST_RefN(HandleImpl* handle, uint32_t n);
+  void TEST_ReleaseN(HandleImpl* handle, uint32_t n);
 #endif
 
  private:  // data
   Table table_;
-
-  // Maximum total charge of all elements stored in the table.
-  std::atomic<size_t> capacity_;
-
-  // Whether to reject insertion if cache reaches its full capacity.
-  std::atomic<bool> strict_capacity_limit_;
 };  // class ClockCacheShard
 
 template <class Table>
@@ -1091,6 +1202,12 @@ class BaseHyperClockCache : public ShardedCache<ClockCacheShard<Table>> {
 
   const CacheItemHelper* GetCacheItemHelper(Handle* handle) const override;
 
+  void ApplyToHandle(
+      Cache* cache, Handle* handle,
+      const std::function<void(const Slice& key, Cache::ObjectPtr obj,
+                               size_t charge, const CacheItemHelper* helper)>&
+          callback) override;
+
   void ReportProblems(
       const std::shared_ptr<Logger>& /*info_log*/) const override;
 };

cache/compressed_secondary_cache.cc

@@ -16,6 +16,31 @@
 #include "util/string_util.h"
 
 namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
+namespace {
+// Format of values in CompressedSecondaryCache:
+// If enable_custom_split_merge:
+//  * A chain of CacheValueChunk representing the sequence of bytes for a tagged
+//    value. The overall length of the tagged value is determined by the chain
+//    of CacheValueChunks.
+// If !enable_custom_split_merge:
+//  * A LengthPrefixedSlice (starts with varint64 size) of a tagged value.
+//
+// A tagged value has a 2-byte header before the "saved" or compressed block
+// data:
+//  * 1 byte for "source" CacheTier indicating which tier is responsible for
+//    compression/decompression.
+//  * 1 byte for compression type which is generated/used by
+//    CompressedSecondaryCache iff source == CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier
+//    (original entry passed in was uncompressed). Otherwise, the compression
+//    type is preserved from the entry passed in.
+constexpr uint32_t kTagSize = 2;
+
+// Size of tag + varint size prefix when applicable
+uint32_t GetHeaderSize(size_t data_size, bool enable_split_merge) {
+  return (enable_split_merge ? 0 : VarintLength(kTagSize + data_size)) +
+         kTagSize;
+}
+}  // namespace
 
 CompressedSecondaryCache::CompressedSecondaryCache(
     const CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions& opts)
@@ -24,22 +49,24 @@ CompressedSecondaryCache::CompressedSecondaryCache(
       cache_res_mgr_(std::make_shared<ConcurrentCacheReservationManager>(
           std::make_shared<CacheReservationManagerImpl<CacheEntryRole::kMisc>>(
               cache_))),
-      disable_cache_(opts.capacity == 0) {}
+      disable_cache_(opts.capacity == 0) {
+  auto mgr = GetBuiltinV2CompressionManager();
+  compressor_ = mgr->GetCompressor(cache_options_.compression_opts,
+                                   cache_options_.compression_type);
+  decompressor_ =
+      mgr->GetDecompressorOptimizeFor(cache_options_.compression_type);
+}
 
-CompressedSecondaryCache::~CompressedSecondaryCache() {}
+CompressedSecondaryCache::~CompressedSecondaryCache() = default;
 
 std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> CompressedSecondaryCache::Lookup(
     const Slice& key, const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper,
     Cache::CreateContext* create_context, bool /*wait*/, bool advise_erase,
-    bool& kept_in_sec_cache) {
+    Statistics* stats, bool& kept_in_sec_cache) {
   assert(helper);
-  // This is a minor optimization. Its ok to skip it in TSAN in order to
-  // avoid a false positive.
-#ifndef __SANITIZE_THREAD__
-  if (disable_cache_) {
+  if (disable_cache_.LoadRelaxed()) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-#endif
 
   std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle;
   kept_in_sec_cache = false;
@@ -51,74 +78,62 @@ std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> CompressedSecondaryCache::Lookup(
   void* handle_value = cache_->Value(lru_handle);
   if (handle_value == nullptr) {
     cache_->Release(lru_handle, /*erase_if_last_ref=*/false);
+    RecordTick(stats, COMPRESSED_SECONDARY_CACHE_DUMMY_HITS);
     return nullptr;
   }
 
-  CacheAllocationPtr* ptr{nullptr};
-  CacheAllocationPtr merged_value;
-  size_t handle_value_charge{0};
-  const char* data_ptr = nullptr;
-  CacheTier source = CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier;
-  CompressionType type = cache_options_.compression_type;
+  std::string merged_value;
+  Slice tagged_data;
   if (cache_options_.enable_custom_split_merge) {
     CacheValueChunk* value_chunk_ptr =
-        reinterpret_cast<CacheValueChunk*>(handle_value);
-    merged_value = MergeChunksIntoValue(value_chunk_ptr, handle_value_charge);
-    ptr = &merged_value;
-    data_ptr = ptr->get();
+        static_cast<CacheValueChunk*>(handle_value);
+    merged_value = MergeChunksIntoValue(value_chunk_ptr);
+    tagged_data = Slice(merged_value);
   } else {
-    uint32_t type_32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(type);
-    uint32_t source_32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(source);
-    ptr = reinterpret_cast<CacheAllocationPtr*>(handle_value);
-    handle_value_charge = cache_->GetCharge(lru_handle);
-    data_ptr = ptr->get();
-    data_ptr = GetVarint32Ptr(data_ptr, data_ptr + 1,
-                              static_cast<uint32_t*>(&type_32));
-    type = static_cast<CompressionType>(type_32);
-    data_ptr = GetVarint32Ptr(data_ptr, data_ptr + 1,
-                              static_cast<uint32_t*>(&source_32));
-    source = static_cast<CacheTier>(source_32);
-    handle_value_charge -= (data_ptr - ptr->get());
+    tagged_data = GetLengthPrefixedSlice(static_cast<char*>(handle_value));
   }
-  MemoryAllocator* allocator = cache_options_.memory_allocator.get();
 
-  Status s;
-  Cache::ObjectPtr value{nullptr};
-  size_t charge{0};
+  auto source = lossless_cast<CacheTier>(tagged_data[0]);
+  auto type = lossless_cast<CompressionType>(tagged_data[1]);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<char[]> uncompressed;
+  Slice saved(tagged_data.data() + kTagSize, tagged_data.size() - kTagSize);
   if (source == CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier) {
-    if (cache_options_.compression_type == kNoCompression ||
-        cache_options_.do_not_compress_roles.Contains(helper->role)) {
-      s = helper->create_cb(Slice(data_ptr, handle_value_charge),
-                            kNoCompression, CacheTier::kVolatileTier,
-                            create_context, allocator, &value, &charge);
-    } else {
-      UncompressionContext uncompression_context(
-          cache_options_.compression_type);
-      UncompressionInfo uncompression_info(uncompression_context,
-                                           UncompressionDict::GetEmptyDict(),
-                                           cache_options_.compression_type);
-
-      size_t uncompressed_size{0};
-      CacheAllocationPtr uncompressed =
-          UncompressData(uncompression_info, (char*)data_ptr,
-                         handle_value_charge, &uncompressed_size,
-                         cache_options_.compress_format_version, allocator);
-
-      if (!uncompressed) {
+    if (type != kNoCompression) {
+      // TODO: can we do something to avoid yet another allocation?
+      Decompressor::Args args;
+      args.compressed_data = saved;
+      args.compression_type = type;
+      Status s = decompressor_->ExtractUncompressedSize(args);
+      assert(s.ok());  // in-memory data
+      if (s.ok()) {
+        uncompressed = std::make_unique<char[]>(args.uncompressed_size);
+        s = decompressor_->DecompressBlock(args, uncompressed.get());
+        assert(s.ok());  // in-memory data
+      }
+      if (!s.ok()) {
         cache_->Release(lru_handle, /*erase_if_last_ref=*/true);
         return nullptr;
       }
-      s = helper->create_cb(Slice(uncompressed.get(), uncompressed_size),
-                            kNoCompression, CacheTier::kVolatileTier,
-                            create_context, allocator, &value, &charge);
+      saved = Slice(uncompressed.get(), args.uncompressed_size);
+      type = kNoCompression;
+      // Free temporary compressed data as early as we can. This could matter
+      // for unusually large blocks because we also have
+      // * Another compressed copy above (from lru_cache).
+      // * The uncompressed copy in `uncompressed`.
+      // * Another uncompressed copy in `result_value` below.
+      // Let's try to max out at 3 copies instead of 4.
+      merged_value = std::string();
     }
-  } else {
-    // The item was not compressed by us. Let the helper create_cb
-    // uncompress it
-    s = helper->create_cb(Slice(data_ptr, handle_value_charge), type, source,
-                          create_context, allocator, &value, &charge);
+    // Reduced as if it came from primary cache
+    source = CacheTier::kVolatileTier;
   }
 
+  Cache::ObjectPtr result_value = nullptr;
+  size_t result_charge = 0;
+  Status s = helper->create_cb(saved, type, source, create_context,
+                               cache_options_.memory_allocator.get(),
+                               &result_value, &result_charge);
   if (!s.ok()) {
     cache_->Release(lru_handle, /*erase_if_last_ref=*/true);
     return nullptr;
@@ -136,7 +151,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> CompressedSecondaryCache::Lookup(
     kept_in_sec_cache = true;
     cache_->Release(lru_handle, /*erase_if_last_ref=*/false);
   }
-  handle.reset(new CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle(value, charge));
+  handle.reset(
+      new CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle(result_value, result_charge));
+  RecordTick(stats, COMPRESSED_SECONDARY_CACHE_HITS);
   return handle;
 }
 
@@ -158,77 +175,111 @@ bool CompressedSecondaryCache::MaybeInsertDummy(const Slice& key) {
 
 Status CompressedSecondaryCache::InsertInternal(
     const Slice& key, Cache::ObjectPtr value,
-    const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper, CompressionType type,
+    const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper, CompressionType from_type,
     CacheTier source) {
-  if (source != CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier &&
-      cache_options_.enable_custom_split_merge) {
-    // We don't support custom split/merge for the tiered case
-    return Status::OK();
-  }
+  bool enable_split_merge = cache_options_.enable_custom_split_merge;
+  const Cache::CacheItemHelper* internal_helper = GetHelper(enable_split_merge);
 
-  auto internal_helper = GetHelper(cache_options_.enable_custom_split_merge);
-  char header[10];
-  char* payload = header;
-  payload = EncodeVarint32(payload, static_cast<uint32_t>(type));
-  payload = EncodeVarint32(payload, static_cast<uint32_t>(source));
+  // TODO: variant of size_cb that also returns a pointer to the data if
+  // already available. Saves an allocation if we keep the compressed version.
+  const size_t data_size_original = (*helper->size_cb)(value);
 
-  size_t header_size = payload - header;
-  size_t data_size = (*helper->size_cb)(value);
-  size_t total_size = data_size + header_size;
-  CacheAllocationPtr ptr =
-      AllocateBlock(total_size, cache_options_.memory_allocator.get());
-  char* data_ptr = ptr.get() + header_size;
+  // Allocate enough memory for header/tag + original data because (a) we might
+  // not be attempting compression at all, and (b) we might keep the original if
+  // compression is insufficient. But we don't need the length prefix with
+  // enable_split_merge. TODO: be smarter with CacheValueChunk to save an
+  // allocation in the enable_split_merge case.
+  size_t header_size = GetHeaderSize(data_size_original, enable_split_merge);
+  CacheAllocationPtr allocation = AllocateBlock(
+      header_size + data_size_original, cache_options_.memory_allocator.get());
+  char* data_ptr = allocation.get() + header_size;
+  Slice tagged_data(data_ptr - kTagSize, data_size_original + kTagSize);
+  assert(tagged_data.data() >= allocation.get());
 
-  Status s = (*helper->saveto_cb)(value, 0, data_size, data_ptr);
+  Status s = (*helper->saveto_cb)(value, 0, data_size_original, data_ptr);
   if (!s.ok()) {
     return s;
   }
-  Slice val(data_ptr, data_size);
 
-  std::string compressed_val;
-  if (cache_options_.compression_type != kNoCompression &&
-      type == kNoCompression &&
+  std::unique_ptr<char[]> tagged_compressed_data;
+  CompressionType to_type = kNoCompression;
+  if (compressor_ && from_type == kNoCompression &&
       !cache_options_.do_not_compress_roles.Contains(helper->role)) {
-    PERF_COUNTER_ADD(compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, data_size);
-    CompressionOptions compression_opts;
-    CompressionContext compression_context(cache_options_.compression_type,
-                                           compression_opts);
-    uint64_t sample_for_compression{0};
-    CompressionInfo compression_info(
-        compression_opts, compression_context, CompressionDict::GetEmptyDict(),
-        cache_options_.compression_type, sample_for_compression);
+    assert(source == CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier);
 
-    bool success =
-        CompressData(val, compression_info,
-                     cache_options_.compress_format_version, &compressed_val);
-
-    if (!success) {
-      return Status::Corruption("Error compressing value.");
+    // TODO: consider malloc sizes for max acceptable compressed size
+    // Or maybe max_compressed_bytes_per_kb
+    size_t data_size_compressed = data_size_original - 1;
+    tagged_compressed_data =
+        std::make_unique<char[]>(data_size_compressed + kTagSize);
+    s = compressor_->CompressBlock(Slice(data_ptr, data_size_original),
+                                   tagged_compressed_data.get() + kTagSize,
+                                   &data_size_compressed, &to_type,
+                                   nullptr /*working_area*/);
+    if (!s.ok()) {
+      return s;
     }
-
-    val = Slice(compressed_val);
-    data_size = compressed_val.size();
-    total_size = header_size + data_size;
-    PERF_COUNTER_ADD(compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, data_size);
-
-    if (!cache_options_.enable_custom_split_merge) {
-      ptr = AllocateBlock(total_size, cache_options_.memory_allocator.get());
-      data_ptr = ptr.get() + header_size;
-      memcpy(data_ptr, compressed_val.data(), data_size);
+    PERF_COUNTER_ADD(compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes,
+                     data_size_original);
+    if (to_type == kNoCompression) {
+      // Compression rejected or otherwise aborted/failed
+      to_type = kNoCompression;
+      tagged_compressed_data.reset();
+      // TODO: consider separate counters for rejected compressions
+      PERF_COUNTER_ADD(compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
+                       data_size_original);
+    } else {
+      PERF_COUNTER_ADD(compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
+                       data_size_compressed);
+      if (enable_split_merge) {
+        // Only need tagged_data for copying into CacheValueChunks.
+        tagged_data = Slice(tagged_compressed_data.get(),
+                            data_size_compressed + kTagSize);
+        allocation.reset();
+      } else {
+        // Replace allocation with compressed version, copied from string
+        header_size = GetHeaderSize(data_size_compressed, enable_split_merge);
+        allocation = AllocateBlock(header_size + data_size_compressed,
+                                   cache_options_.memory_allocator.get());
+        data_ptr = allocation.get() + header_size;
+        // Ignore unpopulated tag on tagged_compressed_data; will only be
+        // populated on the new allocation.
+        std::memcpy(data_ptr, tagged_compressed_data.get() + kTagSize,
+                    data_size_compressed);
+        tagged_data =
+            Slice(data_ptr - kTagSize, data_size_compressed + kTagSize);
+        assert(tagged_data.data() >= allocation.get());
+      }
     }
   }
 
   PERF_COUNTER_ADD(compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, 1);
-  if (cache_options_.enable_custom_split_merge) {
-    size_t charge{0};
+
+  // Save the tag fields
+  const_cast<char*>(tagged_data.data())[0] = lossless_cast<char>(source);
+  const_cast<char*>(tagged_data.data())[1] = lossless_cast<char>(
+      source == CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier ? to_type : from_type);
+
+  if (enable_split_merge) {
+    size_t split_charge{0};
     CacheValueChunk* value_chunks_head =
-        SplitValueIntoChunks(val, cache_options_.compression_type, charge);
-    return cache_->Insert(key, value_chunks_head, internal_helper, charge);
+        SplitValueIntoChunks(tagged_data, split_charge);
+    s = cache_->Insert(key, value_chunks_head, internal_helper, split_charge);
+    assert(s.ok());  // LRUCache::Insert() with handle==nullptr always OK
   } else {
-    std::memcpy(ptr.get(), header, header_size);
-    CacheAllocationPtr* buf = new CacheAllocationPtr(std::move(ptr));
-    return cache_->Insert(key, buf, internal_helper, total_size);
+    // Save the size prefix
+    char* ptr = allocation.get();
+    ptr = EncodeVarint64(ptr, tagged_data.size());
+    assert(ptr == tagged_data.data());
+#ifdef ROCKSDB_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE
+    size_t charge = malloc_usable_size(allocation.get());
+#else
+    size_t charge = tagged_data.size();
+#endif
+    s = cache_->Insert(key, allocation.release(), internal_helper, charge);
+    assert(s.ok());  // LRUCache::Insert() with handle==nullptr always OK
   }
+  return Status::OK();
 }
 
 Status CompressedSecondaryCache::Insert(const Slice& key,
@@ -250,7 +301,17 @@ Status CompressedSecondaryCache::Insert(const Slice& key,
 Status CompressedSecondaryCache::InsertSaved(
     const Slice& key, const Slice& saved, CompressionType type = kNoCompression,
     CacheTier source = CacheTier::kVolatileTier) {
+  if (source == CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier) {
+    // Unexpected, would violate InsertInternal preconditions
+    assert(source != CacheTier::kVolatileCompressedTier);
+    return Status::OK();
+  }
   if (type == kNoCompression) {
+    // Not currently supported (why?)
+    return Status::OK();
+  }
+  if (cache_options_.enable_custom_split_merge) {
+    // We don't support custom split/merge for the tiered case (why?)
     return Status::OK();
   }
 
@@ -270,7 +331,7 @@ Status CompressedSecondaryCache::SetCapacity(size_t capacity) {
   MutexLock l(&capacity_mutex_);
   cache_options_.capacity = capacity;
   cache_->SetCapacity(capacity);
-  disable_cache_ = capacity == 0;
+  disable_cache_.StoreRelaxed(capacity == 0);
   return Status::OK();
 }
 
@@ -289,15 +350,22 @@ std::string CompressedSecondaryCache::GetPrintableOptions() const {
   snprintf(buffer, kBufferSize, "    compression_type : %s\n",
            CompressionTypeToString(cache_options_.compression_type).c_str());
   ret.append(buffer);
-  snprintf(buffer, kBufferSize, "    compress_format_version : %d\n",
-           cache_options_.compress_format_version);
+  snprintf(buffer, kBufferSize, "    compression_opts : %s\n",
+           CompressionOptionsToString(
+               const_cast<CompressionOptions&>(cache_options_.compression_opts))
+               .c_str());
   ret.append(buffer);
   return ret;
 }
 
+// FIXME: this could use a lot of attention, including:
+// * Use allocator
+// * We shouldn't be worse than non-split; be more pro-actively aware of
+// internal fragmentation
+// * Consider a unified object/chunk structure that may or may not split
+// * Optimize size overhead of chunks
 CompressedSecondaryCache::CacheValueChunk*
 CompressedSecondaryCache::SplitValueIntoChunks(const Slice& value,
-                                               CompressionType compression_type,
                                                size_t& charge) {
   assert(!value.empty());
   const char* src_ptr = value.data();
@@ -318,15 +386,14 @@ CompressedSecondaryCache::SplitValueIntoChunks(const Slice& value,
     // size, or there is no compression.
     if (upper == malloc_bin_sizes_.begin() ||
         upper == malloc_bin_sizes_.end() ||
-        *upper - predicted_chunk_size < malloc_bin_sizes_.front() ||
-        compression_type == kNoCompression) {
+        *upper - predicted_chunk_size < malloc_bin_sizes_.front()) {
       tmp_size = predicted_chunk_size;
     } else {
       tmp_size = *(--upper);
     }
 
     CacheValueChunk* new_chunk =
-        reinterpret_cast<CacheValueChunk*>(new char[tmp_size]);
+        static_cast<CacheValueChunk*>(static_cast<void*>(new char[tmp_size]));
     current_chunk->next = new_chunk;
     current_chunk = current_chunk->next;
     actual_chunk_size = tmp_size - sizeof(CacheValueChunk) + 1;
@@ -341,28 +408,24 @@ CompressedSecondaryCache::SplitValueIntoChunks(const Slice& value,
   return dummy_head.next;
 }
 
-CacheAllocationPtr CompressedSecondaryCache::MergeChunksIntoValue(
-    const void* chunks_head, size_t& charge) {
-  const CacheValueChunk* head =
-      reinterpret_cast<const CacheValueChunk*>(chunks_head);
+std::string CompressedSecondaryCache::MergeChunksIntoValue(
+    const CacheValueChunk* head) {
   const CacheValueChunk* current_chunk = head;
-  charge = 0;
+  size_t total_size = 0;
   while (current_chunk != nullptr) {
-    charge += current_chunk->size;
+    total_size += current_chunk->size;
     current_chunk = current_chunk->next;
   }
 
-  CacheAllocationPtr ptr =
-      AllocateBlock(charge, cache_options_.memory_allocator.get());
+  std::string result;
+  result.reserve(total_size);
   current_chunk = head;
-  size_t pos{0};
   while (current_chunk != nullptr) {
-    memcpy(ptr.get() + pos, current_chunk->data, current_chunk->size);
-    pos += current_chunk->size;
+    result.append(current_chunk->data, current_chunk->size);
     current_chunk = current_chunk->next;
   }
-
-  return ptr;
+  assert(result.size() == total_size);
+  return result;
 }
 
 const Cache::CacheItemHelper* CompressedSecondaryCache::GetHelper(
@@ -376,21 +439,31 @@ const Cache::CacheItemHelper* CompressedSecondaryCache::GetHelper(
             CacheValueChunk* tmp_chunk = chunks_head;
             chunks_head = chunks_head->next;
             tmp_chunk->Free();
-            obj = nullptr;
-          };
+          }
         }};
     return &kHelper;
   } else {
     static const Cache::CacheItemHelper kHelper{
         CacheEntryRole::kMisc,
-        [](Cache::ObjectPtr obj, MemoryAllocator* /*alloc*/) {
-          delete static_cast<CacheAllocationPtr*>(obj);
-          obj = nullptr;
+        [](Cache::ObjectPtr obj, MemoryAllocator* alloc) {
+          if (obj != nullptr) {
+            CacheAllocationDeleter{alloc}(static_cast<char*>(obj));
+          }
         }};
     return &kHelper;
   }
 }
 
+size_t CompressedSecondaryCache::TEST_GetCharge(const Slice& key) {
+  Cache::Handle* lru_handle = cache_->Lookup(key);
+  if (lru_handle == nullptr) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  size_t charge = cache_->GetCharge(lru_handle);
+  cache_->Release(lru_handle, /*erase_if_last_ref=*/false);
+  return charge;
+}
+
 std::shared_ptr<SecondaryCache>
 CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions::MakeSharedSecondaryCache() const {
   return std::make_shared<CompressedSecondaryCache>(*this);

cache/compressed_secondary_cache.h

@@ -10,13 +10,12 @@
 #include <memory>
 
 #include "cache/cache_reservation_manager.h"
-#include "cache/lru_cache.h"
 #include "memory/memory_allocator_impl.h"
+#include "rocksdb/advanced_compression.h"
 #include "rocksdb/secondary_cache.h"
 #include "rocksdb/slice.h"
 #include "rocksdb/status.h"
-#include "util/compression.h"
-#include "util/mutexlock.h"
+#include "util/atomic.h"
 
 namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
 
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
   std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> Lookup(
       const Slice& key, const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper,
       Cache::CreateContext* create_context, bool /*wait*/, bool advise_erase,
-      bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override;
+      Statistics* stats, bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override;
 
   bool SupportForceErase() const override { return true; }
 
@@ -124,14 +123,9 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
   // Split value into chunks to better fit into jemalloc bins. The chunks
   // are stored in CacheValueChunk and extra charge is needed for each chunk,
   // so the cache charge is recalculated here.
-  CacheValueChunk* SplitValueIntoChunks(const Slice& value,
-                                        CompressionType compression_type,
-                                        size_t& charge);
+  CacheValueChunk* SplitValueIntoChunks(const Slice& value, size_t& charge);
 
-  // After merging chunks, the extra charge for each chunk is removed, so
-  // the charge is recalculated.
-  CacheAllocationPtr MergeChunksIntoValue(const void* chunks_head,
-                                          size_t& charge);
+  std::string MergeChunksIntoValue(const CacheValueChunk* head);
 
   bool MaybeInsertDummy(const Slice& key);
 
@@ -139,13 +133,17 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
                         const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper,
                         CompressionType type, CacheTier source);
 
+  size_t TEST_GetCharge(const Slice& key);
+
   // TODO: clean up to use cleaner interfaces in typed_cache.h
   const Cache::CacheItemHelper* GetHelper(bool enable_custom_split_merge) const;
   std::shared_ptr<Cache> cache_;
   CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions cache_options_;
+  std::unique_ptr<Compressor> compressor_;
+  std::shared_ptr<Decompressor> decompressor_;
   mutable port::Mutex capacity_mutex_;
   std::shared_ptr<ConcurrentCacheReservationManager> cache_res_mgr_;
-  bool disable_cache_;
+  RelaxedAtomic<bool> disable_cache_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE

cache/compressed_secondary_cache_test.cc

@@ -24,6 +24,14 @@ namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
 using secondary_cache_test_util::GetTestingCacheTypes;
 using secondary_cache_test_util::WithCacheType;
 
+// Read and reset a statistic
+template <typename T>
+T Pop(T& var) {
+  T ret = var;
+  var = T();
+  return ret;
+}
+
 // 16 bytes for HCC compatibility
 const std::string key0 = "____    ____key0";
 const std::string key1 = "____    ____key1";
@@ -33,23 +41,25 @@ const std::string key3 = "____    ____key3";
 class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
                                          public WithCacheType {
  public:
-  CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase() {}
+  CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase() = default;
   ~CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase() override = default;
 
  protected:
   void BasicTestHelper(std::shared_ptr<SecondaryCache> sec_cache,
                        bool sec_cache_is_compressed) {
+    CompressedSecondaryCache* comp_sec_cache =
+        static_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(sec_cache.get());
     get_perf_context()->Reset();
     bool kept_in_sec_cache{true};
     // Lookup an non-existent key.
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle0 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key0, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/true,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_EQ(handle0, nullptr);
 
     Random rnd(301);
     // Insert and Lookup the item k1 for the first time.
-    std::string str1(rnd.RandomString(1000));
+    std::string str1 = test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1000);
     TestItem item1(str1.data(), str1.length());
     // A dummy handle is inserted if the item is inserted for the first time.
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key1, &item1, GetHelper(), false));
@@ -59,23 +69,35 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
 
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle1_1 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key1, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_EQ(handle1_1, nullptr);
 
     // Insert and Lookup the item k1 for the second time and advise erasing it.
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key1, &item1, GetHelper(), false));
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, 1);
 
+    if (sec_cache_is_compressed) {
+      ASSERT_GT(comp_sec_cache->TEST_GetCharge(key1), str1.length() / 4);
+      ASSERT_LT(comp_sec_cache->TEST_GetCharge(key1), str1.length() * 3 / 4);
+    } else {
+      ASSERT_GE(comp_sec_cache->TEST_GetCharge(key1), str1.length());
+      // NOTE: split-merge is worse (1048 vs. 1024)
+      ASSERT_LE(comp_sec_cache->TEST_GetCharge(key1), 1048U);
+    }
+
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle1_2 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key1, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/true,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_NE(handle1_2, nullptr);
     ASSERT_FALSE(kept_in_sec_cache);
     if (sec_cache_is_compressed) {
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes,
-                1000);
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
-                1007);
+      ASSERT_EQ(
+          Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes),
+          str1.length());
+      ASSERT_LT(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
+                str1.length() * 3 / 4);
+      ASSERT_GT(Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes),
+                str1.length() / 4);
     } else {
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, 0);
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, 0);
@@ -89,42 +111,84 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     // Lookup the item k1 again.
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle1_3 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key1, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/true,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_EQ(handle1_3, nullptr);
 
     // Insert and Lookup the item k2.
-    std::string str2(rnd.RandomString(1000));
+    std::string str2 = test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1017);
     TestItem item2(str2.data(), str2.length());
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key2, &item2, GetHelper(), false));
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_dummy_count, 2);
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle2_1 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key2, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_EQ(handle2_1, nullptr);
 
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key2, &item2, GetHelper(), false));
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, 2);
     if (sec_cache_is_compressed) {
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes,
-                2000);
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
-                2014);
+      ASSERT_EQ(
+          Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes),
+          str2.length());
+      ASSERT_LT(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
+                str2.length() * 3 / 4);
+      ASSERT_GT(Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes),
+                str2.length() / 4);
     } else {
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, 0);
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, 0);
     }
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle2_2 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key2, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_NE(handle2_2, nullptr);
     std::unique_ptr<TestItem> val2 =
         std::unique_ptr<TestItem>(static_cast<TestItem*>(handle2_2->Value()));
     ASSERT_NE(val2, nullptr);
     ASSERT_EQ(memcmp(val2->Buf(), item2.Buf(), item2.Size()), 0);
 
+    // Release handles
     std::vector<SecondaryCacheResultHandle*> handles = {handle1_2.get(),
                                                         handle2_2.get()};
     sec_cache->WaitAll(handles);
+    handle1_2.reset();
+    handle2_2.reset();
+
+    // Insert and Lookup a non-compressible item k3.
+    std::string str3 = rnd.RandomBinaryString(480);
+    TestItem item3(str3.data(), str3.length());
+    ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key3, &item3, GetHelper(), false));
+    ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_dummy_count, 3);
+    std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle3_1 =
+        sec_cache->Lookup(key3, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
+    ASSERT_EQ(handle3_1, nullptr);
+
+    ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key3, &item3, GetHelper(), false));
+    ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, 3);
+    if (sec_cache_is_compressed) {
+      // TODO: consider a compression rejected stat?
+      ASSERT_EQ(
+          Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes),
+          str3.length());
+      ASSERT_EQ(Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes),
+                str3.length());
+    } else {
+      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, 0);
+      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, 0);
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle3_2 =
+        sec_cache->Lookup(key3, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle3_2, nullptr);
+    std::unique_ptr<TestItem> val3 =
+        std::unique_ptr<TestItem>(static_cast<TestItem*>(handle3_2->Value()));
+    ASSERT_NE(val3, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_EQ(memcmp(val3->Buf(), item3.Buf(), item3.Size()), 0);
+
+    EXPECT_GE(comp_sec_cache->TEST_GetCharge(key3), str3.length());
+    EXPECT_LE(comp_sec_cache->TEST_GetCharge(key3), 512);
 
     sec_cache.reset();
   }
@@ -174,8 +238,9 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
       secondary_cache_opts.compression_type = CompressionType::kNoCompression;
     }
 
-    secondary_cache_opts.capacity = 1100;
+    secondary_cache_opts.capacity = 1400;
     secondary_cache_opts.num_shard_bits = 0;
+    secondary_cache_opts.strict_capacity_limit = true;
     std::shared_ptr<SecondaryCache> sec_cache =
         NewCompressedSecondaryCache(secondary_cache_opts);
 
@@ -189,24 +254,31 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key1, &item1, GetHelper(), false));
 
     // Insert and Lookup the second item.
-    std::string str2(rnd.RandomString(200));
+    std::string str2(rnd.RandomString(500));
     TestItem item2(str2.data(), str2.length());
     // Insert a dummy handle, k1 is not evicted.
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key2, &item2, GetHelper(), false));
     bool kept_in_sec_cache{false};
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle1 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key1, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
-    ASSERT_EQ(handle1, nullptr);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle1, nullptr);
+    std::unique_ptr<TestItem> val1{static_cast<TestItem*>(handle1->Value())};
+    ASSERT_NE(val1, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_EQ(val1->ToString(), str1);
+    handle1.reset();
 
     // Insert k2 and k1 is evicted.
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key2, &item2, GetHelper(), false));
+    handle1 =
+        sec_cache->Lookup(key1, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
+    ASSERT_EQ(handle1, nullptr);
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle2 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key2, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_NE(handle2, nullptr);
-    std::unique_ptr<TestItem> val2 =
-        std::unique_ptr<TestItem>(static_cast<TestItem*>(handle2->Value()));
+    std::unique_ptr<TestItem> val2{static_cast<TestItem*>(handle2->Value())};
     ASSERT_NE(val2, nullptr);
     ASSERT_EQ(memcmp(val2->Buf(), item2.Buf(), item2.Size()), 0);
 
@@ -215,20 +287,20 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
 
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle1_1 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key1, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/false,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_EQ(handle1_1, nullptr);
 
     // Create Fails.
     SetFailCreate(true);
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle2_1 =
         sec_cache->Lookup(key2, GetHelper(), this, true, /*advise_erase=*/true,
-                          kept_in_sec_cache);
+                          /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_EQ(handle2_1, nullptr);
 
     // Save Fails.
     std::string str3 = rnd.RandomString(10);
     TestItem item3(str3.data(), str3.length());
-    // The Status is OK because a dummy handle is inserted.
+    // The first Status is OK because a dummy handle is inserted.
     ASSERT_OK(sec_cache->Insert(key3, &item3, GetHelperFail(), false));
     ASSERT_NOK(sec_cache->Insert(key3, &item3, GetHelperFail(), false));
 
@@ -261,11 +333,11 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
 
     get_perf_context()->Reset();
     Random rnd(301);
-    std::string str1 = rnd.RandomString(1001);
+    std::string str1 = test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1001);
     auto item1_1 = new TestItem(str1.data(), str1.length());
     ASSERT_OK(cache->Insert(key1, item1_1, GetHelper(), str1.length()));
 
-    std::string str2 = rnd.RandomString(1012);
+    std::string str2 = test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1012);
     auto item2_1 = new TestItem(str2.data(), str2.length());
     // After this Insert, primary cache contains k2 and secondary cache contains
     // k1's dummy item.
@@ -274,7 +346,7 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, 0);
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, 0);
 
-    std::string str3 = rnd.RandomString(1024);
+    std::string str3 = test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1024);
     auto item3_1 = new TestItem(str3.data(), str3.length());
     // After this Insert, primary cache contains k3 and secondary cache contains
     // k1's dummy item and k2's dummy item.
@@ -293,10 +365,13 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     ASSERT_OK(cache->Insert(key2, item2_2, GetHelper(), str2.length()));
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, 1);
     if (sec_cache_is_compressed) {
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes,
+      ASSERT_EQ(
+          Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes),
+          str1.length());
+      ASSERT_LT(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
                 str1.length());
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
-                1008);
+      ASSERT_GT(Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes),
+                str1.length() / 10);
     } else {
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, 0);
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, 0);
@@ -308,10 +383,13 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     ASSERT_OK(cache->Insert(key3, item3_2, GetHelper(), str3.length()));
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, 2);
     if (sec_cache_is_compressed) {
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes,
-                str1.length() + str2.length());
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
-                2027);
+      ASSERT_EQ(
+          Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes),
+          str2.length());
+      ASSERT_LT(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
+                str2.length());
+      ASSERT_GT(Pop(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes),
+                str2.length() / 10);
     } else {
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, 0);
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, 0);
@@ -637,8 +715,7 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     size_t str_size{8500};
     std::string str = rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(str_size));
     size_t charge{0};
-    CacheValueChunk* chunks_head =
-        sec_cache->SplitValueIntoChunks(str, kLZ4Compression, charge);
+    CacheValueChunk* chunks_head = sec_cache->SplitValueIntoChunks(str, charge);
     ASSERT_EQ(charge, str_size + 3 * (sizeof(CacheValueChunk) - 1));
 
     CacheValueChunk* current_chunk = chunks_head;
@@ -684,12 +761,9 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     std::unique_ptr<CompressedSecondaryCache> sec_cache =
         std::make_unique<CompressedSecondaryCache>(
             CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions(1000, 0, true, 0.5, 0.0));
-    size_t charge{0};
-    CacheAllocationPtr value =
-        sec_cache->MergeChunksIntoValue(chunks_head, charge);
-    ASSERT_EQ(charge, size1 + size2 + size3);
-    std::string value_str{value.get(), charge};
-    ASSERT_EQ(strcmp(value_str.data(), str.data()), 0);
+    std::string value_str = sec_cache->MergeChunksIntoValue(chunks_head);
+    ASSERT_EQ(value_str.size(), size1 + size2 + size3);
+    ASSERT_EQ(value_str, str);
 
     while (chunks_head != nullptr) {
       CacheValueChunk* tmp_chunk = chunks_head;
@@ -721,15 +795,12 @@ class CompressedSecondaryCacheTestBase : public testing::Test,
     size_t str_size{8500};
     std::string str = rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(str_size));
     size_t charge{0};
-    CacheValueChunk* chunks_head =
-        sec_cache->SplitValueIntoChunks(str, kLZ4Compression, charge);
+    CacheValueChunk* chunks_head = sec_cache->SplitValueIntoChunks(str, charge);
     ASSERT_EQ(charge, str_size + 3 * (sizeof(CacheValueChunk) - 1));
 
-    CacheAllocationPtr value =
-        sec_cache->MergeChunksIntoValue(chunks_head, charge);
-    ASSERT_EQ(charge, str_size);
-    std::string value_str{value.get(), charge};
-    ASSERT_EQ(strcmp(value_str.data(), str.data()), 0);
+    std::string value_str = sec_cache->MergeChunksIntoValue(chunks_head);
+    ASSERT_EQ(value_str.size(), str_size);
+    ASSERT_EQ(value_str, str);
 
     sec_cache->GetHelper(true)->del_cb(chunks_head, /*alloc*/ nullptr);
   }
@@ -785,8 +856,7 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecondaryCacheTestWithCompressionParam, BasicTestFromString) {
     if (LZ4_Supported()) {
       sec_cache_uri =
           "compressed_secondary_cache://"
-          "capacity=2048;num_shard_bits=0;compression_type=kLZ4Compression;"
-          "compress_format_version=2";
+          "capacity=2048;num_shard_bits=0;compression_type=kLZ4Compression";
     } else {
       ROCKSDB_GTEST_SKIP("This test requires LZ4 support.");
       sec_cache_uri =
@@ -817,7 +887,7 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecondaryCacheTestWithCompressionParam,
       sec_cache_uri =
           "compressed_secondary_cache://"
           "capacity=2048;num_shard_bits=0;compression_type=kLZ4Compression;"
-          "compress_format_version=2;enable_custom_split_merge=true";
+          "enable_custom_split_merge=true";
     } else {
       ROCKSDB_GTEST_SKIP("This test requires LZ4 support.");
       sec_cache_uri =
@@ -841,7 +911,6 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecondaryCacheTestWithCompressionParam,
   BasicTestHelper(sec_cache, sec_cache_is_compressed_);
 }
 
-
 TEST_P(CompressedSecondaryCacheTestWithCompressionParam, FailsTest) {
   FailsTest(sec_cache_is_compressed_);
 }
@@ -893,8 +962,8 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecondaryCacheTestWithCompressionParam, EntryRoles) {
 
   std::shared_ptr<SecondaryCache> sec_cache = NewCompressedSecondaryCache(opts);
 
-  // Fixed seed to ensure consistent compressibility (doesn't compress)
-  std::string junk(Random(301).RandomString(1000));
+  Random rnd(301);
+  std::string junk = test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1000);
 
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < kNumCacheEntryRoles; ++i) {
     CacheEntryRole role = static_cast<CacheEntryRole>(i);
@@ -912,9 +981,9 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecondaryCacheTestWithCompressionParam, EntryRoles) {
     ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_insert_real_count, 1U);
 
     bool kept_in_sec_cache{true};
-    std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle =
-        sec_cache->Lookup(ith_key, GetHelper(role), this, true,
-                          /*advise_erase=*/true, kept_in_sec_cache);
+    std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> handle = sec_cache->Lookup(
+        ith_key, GetHelper(role), this, true,
+        /*advise_erase=*/true, /*stats=*/nullptr, kept_in_sec_cache);
     ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr);
 
     // Lookup returns the right data
@@ -927,9 +996,11 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecondaryCacheTestWithCompressionParam, EntryRoles) {
         sec_cache_is_compressed_ && !do_not_compress.Contains(role);
     if (compressed) {
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes,
-                1000);
-      ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
-                1007);
+                junk.length());
+      ASSERT_LT(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
+                junk.length() * 3 / 4);
+      ASSERT_GT(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes,
+                junk.length() / 4);
     } else {
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_uncompressed_bytes, 0);
       ASSERT_EQ(get_perf_context()->compressed_sec_cache_compressed_bytes, 0);
@@ -992,6 +1063,8 @@ class CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered
         /*_capacity=*/0,
         /*_estimated_entry_charge=*/256 << 10,
         /*_num_shard_bits=*/0);
+    // eviction_effort_cap setting simply to avoid churn in existing test
+    hcc_opts.eviction_effort_cap = 100;
     TieredCacheOptions opts;
     lru_opts.capacity = 0;
     lru_opts.num_shard_bits = 0;
@@ -1060,7 +1133,7 @@ bool CacheUsageWithinBounds(size_t val1, size_t val2, size_t error) {
 
 TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, CacheReservationManager) {
   CompressedSecondaryCache* sec_cache =
-      reinterpret_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
+      static_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
 
   // Use EXPECT_PRED3 instead of EXPECT_NEAR to void too many size_t to
   // double explicit casts
@@ -1083,7 +1156,7 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, CacheReservationManager) {
 TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered,
        CacheReservationManagerMultipleUpdate) {
   CompressedSecondaryCache* sec_cache =
-      reinterpret_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
+      static_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
 
   EXPECT_PRED3(CacheUsageWithinBounds, GetCache()->GetUsage(), (30 << 20),
                GetPercent(30 << 20, 1));
@@ -1169,7 +1242,7 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, AdmissionPolicy) {
 
 TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, DynamicUpdate) {
   CompressedSecondaryCache* sec_cache =
-      reinterpret_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
+      static_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
   std::shared_ptr<Cache> tiered_cache = GetTieredCache();
 
   // Use EXPECT_PRED3 instead of EXPECT_NEAR to void too many size_t to
@@ -1233,7 +1306,7 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, DynamicUpdate) {
 
 TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, DynamicUpdateWithReservation) {
   CompressedSecondaryCache* sec_cache =
-      reinterpret_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
+      static_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
   std::shared_ptr<Cache> tiered_cache = GetTieredCache();
 
   ASSERT_OK(cache_res_mgr()->UpdateCacheReservation(10 << 20));
@@ -1327,7 +1400,7 @@ TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, DynamicUpdateWithReservation) {
 
 TEST_P(CompressedSecCacheTestWithTiered, ReservationOverCapacity) {
   CompressedSecondaryCache* sec_cache =
-      reinterpret_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
+      static_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(GetSecondaryCache());
   std::shared_ptr<Cache> tiered_cache = GetTieredCache();
 
   ASSERT_OK(cache_res_mgr()->UpdateCacheReservation(110 << 20));

cache/lru_cache.cc

@@ -93,9 +93,8 @@ void LRUHandleTable::Resize() {
 
   uint32_t old_length = uint32_t{1} << length_bits_;
   int new_length_bits = length_bits_ + 1;
-  std::unique_ptr<LRUHandle* []> new_list {
-    new LRUHandle* [size_t{1} << new_length_bits] {}
-  };
+  std::unique_ptr<LRUHandle*[]> new_list{
+      new LRUHandle* [size_t{1} << new_length_bits] {}};
   [[maybe_unused]] uint32_t count = 0;
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < old_length; i++) {
     LRUHandle* h = list_[i];
@@ -277,8 +276,8 @@ void LRUCacheShard::LRU_Insert(LRUHandle* e) {
     e->SetInHighPriPool(false);
     e->SetInLowPriPool(true);
     low_pri_pool_usage_ += e->total_charge;
-    MaintainPoolSize();
     lru_low_pri_ = e;
+    MaintainPoolSize();
   } else {
     // Insert "e" to the head of bottom-pri pool.
     e->next = lru_bottom_pri_->next;
@@ -301,6 +300,7 @@ void LRUCacheShard::MaintainPoolSize() {
     // Overflow last entry in high-pri pool to low-pri pool.
     lru_low_pri_ = lru_low_pri_->next;
     assert(lru_low_pri_ != &lru_);
+    assert(lru_low_pri_->InHighPriPool());
     lru_low_pri_->SetInHighPriPool(false);
     lru_low_pri_->SetInLowPriPool(true);
     assert(high_pri_pool_usage_ >= lru_low_pri_->total_charge);
@@ -312,6 +312,7 @@ void LRUCacheShard::MaintainPoolSize() {
     // Overflow last entry in low-pri pool to bottom-pri pool.
     lru_bottom_pri_ = lru_bottom_pri_->next;
     assert(lru_bottom_pri_ != &lru_);
+    assert(lru_bottom_pri_->InLowPriPool());
     lru_bottom_pri_->SetInHighPriPool(false);
     lru_bottom_pri_->SetInLowPriPool(false);
     assert(low_pri_pool_usage_ >= lru_bottom_pri_->total_charge);
@@ -339,8 +340,7 @@ void LRUCacheShard::NotifyEvicted(
   MemoryAllocator* alloc = table_.GetAllocator();
   for (LRUHandle* entry : evicted_handles) {
     if (eviction_callback_ &&
-        eviction_callback_(entry->key(),
-                           reinterpret_cast<Cache::Handle*>(entry),
+        eviction_callback_(entry->key(), static_cast<Cache::Handle*>(entry),
                            entry->HasHit())) {
       // Callback took ownership of obj; just free handle
       free(entry);
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ bool LRUCacheShard::Release(LRUHandle* e, bool /*useful*/,
     // Only call eviction callback if we're sure no one requested erasure
     // FIXME: disabled because of test churn
     if (false && was_in_cache && !erase_if_last_ref && eviction_callback_ &&
-        eviction_callback_(e->key(), reinterpret_cast<Cache::Handle*>(e),
+        eviction_callback_(e->key(), static_cast<Cache::Handle*>(e),
                            e->HasHit())) {
       // Callback took ownership of obj; just free handle
       free(e);
@@ -661,21 +661,32 @@ LRUCache::LRUCache(const LRUCacheOptions& opts) : ShardedCache(opts) {
 }
 
 Cache::ObjectPtr LRUCache::Value(Handle* handle) {
-  auto h = reinterpret_cast<const LRUHandle*>(handle);
+  auto h = static_cast<const LRUHandle*>(handle);
   return h->value;
 }
 
 size_t LRUCache::GetCharge(Handle* handle) const {
-  return reinterpret_cast<const LRUHandle*>(handle)->GetCharge(
+  return static_cast<const LRUHandle*>(handle)->GetCharge(
       GetShard(0).metadata_charge_policy_);
 }
 
 const Cache::CacheItemHelper* LRUCache::GetCacheItemHelper(
     Handle* handle) const {
-  auto h = reinterpret_cast<const LRUHandle*>(handle);
+  auto h = static_cast<const LRUHandle*>(handle);
   return h->helper;
 }
 
+void LRUCache::ApplyToHandle(
+    Cache* cache, Handle* handle,
+    const std::function<void(const Slice& key, ObjectPtr value, size_t charge,
+                             const CacheItemHelper* helper)>& callback) {
+  auto cache_ptr = static_cast<LRUCache*>(cache);
+  auto h = static_cast<const LRUHandle*>(handle);
+  callback(h->key(), h->value,
+           h->GetCharge(cache_ptr->GetShard(0).metadata_charge_policy_),
+           h->helper);
+}
+
 size_t LRUCache::TEST_GetLRUSize() {
   return SumOverShards([](LRUCacheShard& cs) { return cs.TEST_GetLRUSize(); });
 }

cache/lru_cache.h

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ namespace lru_cache {
 // LRUCacheShard::Lookup.
 // While refs > 0, public properties like value and deleter must not change.
 
-struct LRUHandle {
+struct LRUHandle : public Cache::Handle {
   Cache::ObjectPtr value;
   const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper;
   LRUHandle* next_hash;
@@ -452,6 +452,12 @@ class LRUCache
   size_t GetCharge(Handle* handle) const override;
   const CacheItemHelper* GetCacheItemHelper(Handle* handle) const override;
 
+  void ApplyToHandle(
+      Cache* cache, Handle* handle,
+      const std::function<void(const Slice& key, ObjectPtr obj, size_t charge,
+                               const CacheItemHelper* helper)>& callback)
+      override;
+
   // Retrieves number of elements in LRU, for unit test purpose only.
   size_t TEST_GetLRUSize();
   // Retrieves high pri pool ratio.

cache/lru_cache_test.cc

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
 
 class LRUCacheTest : public testing::Test {
  public:
-  LRUCacheTest() {}
+  LRUCacheTest() = default;
   ~LRUCacheTest() override { DeleteCache(); }
 
   void DeleteCache() {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class LRUCacheTest : public testing::Test {
                 double low_pri_pool_ratio = 1.0,
                 bool use_adaptive_mutex = kDefaultToAdaptiveMutex) {
     DeleteCache();
-    cache_ = reinterpret_cast<LRUCacheShard*>(
+    cache_ = static_cast<LRUCacheShard*>(
         port::cacheline_aligned_alloc(sizeof(LRUCacheShard)));
     new (cache_) LRUCacheShard(capacity, /*strict_capacity_limit=*/false,
                                high_pri_pool_ratio, low_pri_pool_ratio,
@@ -57,10 +57,11 @@ class LRUCacheTest : public testing::Test {
   }
 
   void Insert(const std::string& key,
-              Cache::Priority priority = Cache::Priority::LOW) {
+              Cache::Priority priority = Cache::Priority::LOW,
+              size_t charge = 1) {
     EXPECT_OK(cache_->Insert(key, 0 /*hash*/, nullptr /*value*/,
-                             &kNoopCacheItemHelper, 1 /*charge*/,
-                             nullptr /*handle*/, priority));
+                             &kNoopCacheItemHelper, charge, nullptr /*handle*/,
+                             priority));
   }
 
   void Insert(char key, Cache::Priority priority = Cache::Priority::LOW) {
@@ -144,8 +145,10 @@ class LRUCacheTest : public testing::Test {
     ASSERT_EQ(num_bottom_pri_pool_keys, bottom_pri_pool_keys);
   }
 
- private:
+ protected:
   LRUCacheShard* cache_ = nullptr;
+
+ private:
   Cache::EvictionCallback eviction_callback_;
 };
 
@@ -378,7 +381,7 @@ class ClockCacheTest : public testing::Test {
   using Table = typename Shard::Table;
   using TableOpts = typename Table::Opts;
 
-  ClockCacheTest() {}
+  ClockCacheTest() = default;
   ~ClockCacheTest() override { DeleteShard(); }
 
   void DeleteShard() {
@@ -389,12 +392,12 @@ class ClockCacheTest : public testing::Test {
     }
   }
 
-  void NewShard(size_t capacity, bool strict_capacity_limit = true) {
+  void NewShard(size_t capacity, bool strict_capacity_limit = true,
+                int eviction_effort_cap = 30) {
     DeleteShard();
-    shard_ =
-        reinterpret_cast<Shard*>(port::cacheline_aligned_alloc(sizeof(Shard)));
+    shard_ = static_cast<Shard*>(port::cacheline_aligned_alloc(sizeof(Shard)));
 
-    TableOpts opts{1 /*value_size*/};
+    TableOpts opts{1 /*value_size*/, eviction_effort_cap};
     new (shard_)
         Shard(capacity, strict_capacity_limit, kDontChargeCacheMetadata,
               /*allocator*/ nullptr, &eviction_callback_, &hash_seed_, opts);
@@ -445,12 +448,20 @@ class ClockCacheTest : public testing::Test {
     return Slice(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&hashed_key), 16U);
   }
 
+  // A bad hash function for testing / stressing collision handling
   static inline UniqueId64x2 TestHashedKey(char key) {
     // For testing hash near-collision behavior, put the variance in
     // hashed_key in bits that are unlikely to be used as hash bits.
     return {(static_cast<uint64_t>(key) << 56) + 1234U, 5678U};
   }
 
+  // A reasonable hash function, for testing "typical behavior" etc.
+  template <typename T>
+  static inline UniqueId64x2 CheapHash(T i) {
+    return {static_cast<uint64_t>(i) * uint64_t{0x85EBCA77C2B2AE63},
+            static_cast<uint64_t>(i) * uint64_t{0xC2B2AE3D27D4EB4F}};
+  }
+
   Shard* shard_ = nullptr;
 
  private:
@@ -535,7 +546,7 @@ TYPED_TEST(ClockCacheTest, Limits) {
     // verify usage tracking on detached entries.)
     {
       size_t n = kCapacity * 5 + 1;
-      std::unique_ptr<HandleImpl* []> ha { new HandleImpl* [n] {} };
+      std::unique_ptr<HandleImpl*[]> ha{new HandleImpl* [n] {}};
       Status s;
       for (size_t i = 0; i < n && s.ok(); ++i) {
         hkey[1] = i;
@@ -683,6 +694,53 @@ TYPED_TEST(ClockCacheTest, ClockEvictionTest) {
   }
 }
 
+TYPED_TEST(ClockCacheTest, ClockEvictionEffortCapTest) {
+  using HandleImpl = typename ClockCacheTest<TypeParam>::Shard::HandleImpl;
+  for (bool strict_capacity_limit : {true, false}) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("strict_capacity_limit = " +
+                 std::to_string(strict_capacity_limit));
+    for (int eec : {-42, 0, 1, 10, 100, 1000}) {
+      SCOPED_TRACE("eviction_effort_cap = " + std::to_string(eec));
+      constexpr size_t kCapacity = 1000;
+      // Start with much larger capacity to ensure that we can go way over
+      // capacity without reaching table occupancy limit.
+      this->NewShard(3 * kCapacity, strict_capacity_limit, eec);
+      auto& shard = *this->shard_;
+      shard.SetCapacity(kCapacity);
+
+      // Nearly fill the cache with pinned entries, then add a bunch of
+      // non-pinned entries. eviction_effort_cap should affect how many
+      // evictable entries are present beyond the cache capacity, despite
+      // being evictable.
+      constexpr size_t kCount = kCapacity - 1;
+      std::unique_ptr<HandleImpl*[]> ha{new HandleImpl* [kCount] {}};
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < 2 * kCount; ++i) {
+        UniqueId64x2 hkey = this->CheapHash(i);
+        ASSERT_OK(shard.Insert(
+            this->TestKey(hkey), hkey, nullptr /*value*/, &kNoopCacheItemHelper,
+            1 /*charge*/, i < kCount ? &ha[i] : nullptr, Cache::Priority::LOW));
+      }
+
+      if (strict_capacity_limit) {
+        // If strict_capacity_limit is enabled, the cache will never exceed its
+        // capacity
+        EXPECT_EQ(shard.GetOccupancyCount(), kCapacity);
+      } else {
+        // Rough inverse relationship between cap and possible memory
+        // explosion, which shows up as increased table occupancy count.
+        int effective_eec = std::max(int{1}, eec) + 1;
+        EXPECT_NEAR(shard.GetOccupancyCount() * 1.0,
+                    kCount * (1 + 1.4 / effective_eec),
+                    kCount * (0.6 / effective_eec) + 1.0);
+      }
+
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < kCount; ++i) {
+        shard.Release(ha[i]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 namespace {
 struct DeleteCounter {
   int deleted = 0;
@@ -1035,7 +1093,8 @@ class TestSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
   std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> Lookup(
       const Slice& key, const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper,
       Cache::CreateContext* create_context, bool /*wait*/,
-      bool /*advise_erase*/, bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override {
+      bool /*advise_erase*/, Statistics* /*stats*/,
+      bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override {
     std::string key_str = key.ToString();
     TEST_SYNC_POINT_CALLBACK("TestSecondaryCache::Lookup", &key_str);
 
@@ -1346,9 +1405,9 @@ TEST_P(BasicSecondaryCacheTest, SaveFailTest) {
   TestItem* item1 = new TestItem(str1.data(), str1.length());
   ASSERT_OK(cache->Insert(k1.AsSlice(), item1, GetHelperFail(), str1.length()));
   std::string str2 = rnd.RandomString(1020);
+  ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_inserts(), 0u);
   TestItem* item2 = new TestItem(str2.data(), str2.length());
   // k1 should be demoted to NVM
-  ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_inserts(), 0u);
   ASSERT_OK(cache->Insert(k2.AsSlice(), item2, GetHelperFail(), str2.length()));
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_inserts(), 1u);
 
@@ -1444,7 +1503,7 @@ TEST_P(BasicSecondaryCacheTest, FullCapacityTest) {
         /*context*/ this, Cache::Priority::LOW);
     ASSERT_EQ(handle1, nullptr);
 
-    // k1 promotion can fail with strict_capacit_limit=true, but Lookup still
+    // k1 promotion can fail with strict_capacity_limit=true, but Lookup still
     // succeeds using a standalone handle
     handle1 = cache->Lookup(k1.AsSlice(), GetHelper(),
                             /*context*/ this, Cache::Priority::LOW);
@@ -1621,7 +1680,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, TestSecondaryCacheCorrectness2) {
   // After Flush is successful, RocksDB will do the paranoid check for the new
   // SST file. Meta blocks are always cached in the block cache and they
   // will not be evicted. When block_2 is cache miss and read out, it is
-  // inserted to the block cache. Thefore, block_1 is evicted from block
+  // inserted to the block cache. Therefore, block_1 is evicted from block
   // cache and successfully inserted to the secondary cache. Here are 2
   // lookups in the secondary cache for block_1 and block_2.
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_inserts(), 1u);
@@ -1662,7 +1721,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, TestSecondaryCacheCorrectness2) {
   v = Get(Key(0));
   ASSERT_EQ(1007, v.size());
   // This Get needs to access block_1, since block_1 is not in block cache
-  // there is one econdary cache lookup. Then, block_1 is cached in the
+  // there is one secondary cache lookup. Then, block_1 is cached in the
   // block cache.
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_inserts(), 2u);
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_lookups(), 5u);
@@ -1726,7 +1785,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, NoSecondaryCacheInsertion) {
   std::string v = Get(Key(0));
   ASSERT_EQ(1000, v.size());
   // Since the block cache is large enough, all the blocks are cached. we
-  // do not need to lookup the seondary cache.
+  // do not need to lookup the secondary cache.
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_inserts(), 0u);
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_lookups(), 2u);
 
@@ -1920,7 +1979,7 @@ TEST_P(BasicSecondaryCacheTest, BasicWaitAllTest) {
     ah.priority = Cache::Priority::LOW;
     cache->StartAsyncLookup(ah);
   }
-  cache->WaitAll(&async_handles[0], async_handles.size());
+  cache->WaitAll(async_handles.data(), async_handles.size());
   for (size_t i = 0; i < async_handles.size(); ++i) {
     SCOPED_TRACE("i = " + std::to_string(i));
     Cache::Handle* result = async_handles[i].Result();
@@ -2091,7 +2150,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, LRUCacheDumpLoadBasic) {
   ASSERT_OK(Flush());
   Compact("a", "z");
 
-  // do th eread for all the key value pairs, so all the blocks should be in
+  // do the read for all the key value pairs, so all the blocks should be in
   // cache
   uint32_t start_insert = cache->GetInsertCount();
   uint32_t start_lookup = cache->GetLookupcount();
@@ -2120,7 +2179,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, LRUCacheDumpLoadBasic) {
                             &cache_dumper);
   ASSERT_OK(s);
   std::vector<DB*> db_list;
-  db_list.push_back(db_);
+  db_list.push_back(db_.get());
   s = cache_dumper->SetDumpFilter(db_list);
   ASSERT_OK(s);
   s = cache_dumper->DumpCacheEntriesToWriter();
@@ -2204,11 +2263,11 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, LRUCacheDumpLoadWithFilter) {
   options.env = fault_env_.get();
   std::string dbname1 = test::PerThreadDBPath("db_1");
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname1, options));
-  DB* db1 = nullptr;
+  std::unique_ptr<DB> db1;
   ASSERT_OK(DB::Open(options, dbname1, &db1));
   std::string dbname2 = test::PerThreadDBPath("db_2");
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname2, options));
-  DB* db2 = nullptr;
+  std::unique_ptr<DB> db2;
   ASSERT_OK(DB::Open(options, dbname2, &db2));
   fault_fs_->SetFailGetUniqueId(true);
 
@@ -2276,7 +2335,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, LRUCacheDumpLoadWithFilter) {
                             &cache_dumper);
   ASSERT_OK(s);
   std::vector<DB*> db_list;
-  db_list.push_back(db1);
+  db_list.push_back(db1.get());
   s = cache_dumper->SetDumpFilter(db_list);
   ASSERT_OK(s);
   s = cache_dumper->DumpCacheEntriesToWriter();
@@ -2318,7 +2377,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, LRUCacheDumpLoadWithFilter) {
   ASSERT_OK(s);
 
   ASSERT_OK(db1->Close());
-  delete db1;
+  db1.reset();
   ASSERT_OK(DB::Open(options, dbname1, &db1));
 
   // After load, we do the Get again. To validate the cache, we do not allow any
@@ -2347,8 +2406,8 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, LRUCacheDumpLoadWithFilter) {
   ASSERT_EQ(256, static_cast<int>(block_lookup));
   fault_fs_->SetFailGetUniqueId(false);
   fault_fs_->SetFilesystemActive(true);
-  delete db1;
-  delete db2;
+  db1.reset();
+  db2.reset();
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname1, options));
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname2, options));
 }
@@ -2405,7 +2464,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, TestSecondaryCacheOptionBasic) {
   std::string v = Get(Key(0));
   ASSERT_EQ(1007, v.size());
 
-  // Check the data in first block. Cache miss, direclty read from SST file.
+  // Check the data in first block. Cache miss, directly read from SST file.
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_inserts(), 0u);
   ASSERT_EQ(secondary_cache->num_lookups(), 0u);
 
@@ -2539,7 +2598,7 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, TestSecondaryCacheOptionChange) {
 }
 
 // Two DB test. We create 2 DBs sharing the same block cache and secondary
-// cache. We diable the secondary cache option for DB2.
+// cache. We disable the secondary cache option for DB2.
 TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, TestSecondaryCacheOptionTwoDB) {
   if (IsHyperClock()) {
     ROCKSDB_GTEST_BYPASS("Test depends on LRUCache-specific behaviors");
@@ -2560,11 +2619,11 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, TestSecondaryCacheOptionTwoDB) {
   options.paranoid_file_checks = true;
   std::string dbname1 = test::PerThreadDBPath("db_t_1");
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname1, options));
-  DB* db1 = nullptr;
+  std::unique_ptr<DB> db1;
   ASSERT_OK(DB::Open(options, dbname1, &db1));
   std::string dbname2 = test::PerThreadDBPath("db_t_2");
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname2, options));
-  DB* db2 = nullptr;
+  std::unique_ptr<DB> db2;
   Options options2 = options;
   options2.lowest_used_cache_tier = CacheTier::kVolatileTier;
   ASSERT_OK(DB::Open(options2, dbname2, &db2));
@@ -2641,12 +2700,29 @@ TEST_P(DBSecondaryCacheTest, TestSecondaryCacheOptionTwoDB) {
 
   fault_fs_->SetFailGetUniqueId(false);
   fault_fs_->SetFilesystemActive(true);
-  delete db1;
-  delete db2;
+  db1.reset();
+  db2.reset();
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname1, options));
   ASSERT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname2, options));
 }
 
+TEST_F(LRUCacheTest, InsertAfterReducingCapacity) {
+  // Fix a bug in LRU cache where it may try to remove a low pri entry's
+  // charge from high pri pool. It causes
+  // Assertion failed: (high_pri_pool_usage_ >= lru_low_pri_->total_charge),
+  // function MaintainPoolSize, file lru_cache.cc
+  NewCache(/*capacity=*/10, /*high_pri_pool_ratio=*/0.2,
+           /*low_pri_pool_ratio=*/0.8);
+  // high pri pool size and usage are both 2
+  Insert("x", Cache::Priority::HIGH);
+  Insert("y", Cache::Priority::HIGH);
+  cache_->SetCapacity(5);
+  // high_pri_pool_size is 1, the next time we try to maintain pool size,
+  // we will move entries from high pri pool to low pri pool
+  // The bug was deducting this entry's charge from high pri pool usage.
+  Insert("aaa", Cache::Priority::LOW, /*charge=*/3);
+}
+
 }  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {

cache/secondary_cache.cc

@@ -7,6 +7,4 @@
 
 #include "cache/cache_entry_roles.h"
 
-namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
-
-}  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE
+namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {}  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE

cache/secondary_cache_adapter.cc

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const char* kTieredCacheName = "TieredCache";
 // proportionally across the primary/secondary caches.
 //
 // The primary block cache is initially sized to the sum of the primary cache
-// budget + teh secondary cache budget, as follows -
+// budget + the secondary cache budget, as follows -
 //   |---------    Primary Cache Configured Capacity  -----------|
 //   |---Secondary Cache Budget----|----Primary Cache Budget-----|
 //
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ const char* kTieredCacheName = "TieredCache";
 // placeholder is counted against the primary cache. To compensate and count
 // a portion of it against the secondary cache, the secondary cache Deflate()
 // method is called to shrink it. Since the Deflate() causes the secondary
-// actual usage to shrink, it is refelcted here by releasing an equal amount
+// actual usage to shrink, it is reflected here by releasing an equal amount
 // from the pri_cache_res_ reservation. The Deflate() in the secondary cache
 // can be, but is not required to be, implemented using its own cache
 // reservation manager.
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ const char* kTieredCacheName = "TieredCache";
 // reservation is increased by an equal amount.
 //
 // Another way of implementing this would have been to simply split the user
-// reservation into primary and seconary components. However, this would
+// reservation into primary and secondary components. However, this would
 // require allocating a structure to track the associated secondary cache
 // reservation, which adds some complexity and overhead.
 //
@@ -119,7 +119,16 @@ CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::~CacheWithSecondaryAdapter() {
     size_t sec_capacity = 0;
     Status s = secondary_cache_->GetCapacity(sec_capacity);
     assert(s.ok());
-    assert(pri_cache_res_->GetTotalMemoryUsed() == sec_capacity);
+    assert(placeholder_usage_ == 0);
+    assert(reserved_usage_ == 0);
+    if (pri_cache_res_->GetTotalMemoryUsed() != sec_capacity) {
+      fprintf(stdout,
+              "~CacheWithSecondaryAdapter: Primary cache reservation: "
+              "%zu, Secondary cache capacity: %zu, "
+              "Secondary cache reserved: %zu\n",
+              pri_cache_res_->GetTotalMemoryUsed(), sec_capacity,
+              sec_reserved_);
+    }
   }
 #endif  // NDEBUG
 }
@@ -132,12 +141,14 @@ bool CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::EvictionHandler(const Slice& key,
     auto obj = target_->Value(handle);
     // Ignore dummy entry
     if (obj != kDummyObj) {
-      bool hit = false;
+      bool force = false;
       if (adm_policy_ == TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowCacheHits) {
-        hit = was_hit;
+        force = was_hit;
+      } else if (adm_policy_ == TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowAll) {
+        force = true;
       }
       // Spill into secondary cache.
-      secondary_cache_->Insert(key, obj, helper, hit).PermitUncheckedError();
+      secondary_cache_->Insert(key, obj, helper, force).PermitUncheckedError();
     }
   }
   // Never takes ownership of obj
@@ -267,7 +278,8 @@ Status CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::Insert(const Slice& key, ObjectPtr value,
   // Warm up the secondary cache with the compressed block. The secondary
   // cache may choose to ignore it based on the admission policy.
   if (value != nullptr && !compressed_value.empty() &&
-      adm_policy_ == TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyThreeQueue) {
+      adm_policy_ == TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyThreeQueue &&
+      helper->IsSecondaryCacheCompatible()) {
     Status status = secondary_cache_->InsertSaved(key, compressed_value, type);
     assert(status.ok() || status.IsNotSupported());
   }
@@ -292,7 +304,8 @@ Cache::Handle* CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::Lookup(const Slice& key,
     bool kept_in_sec_cache = false;
     std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> secondary_handle =
         secondary_cache_->Lookup(key, helper, create_context, /*wait*/ true,
-                                 found_dummy_entry, /*out*/ kept_in_sec_cache);
+                                 found_dummy_entry, stats,
+                                 /*out*/ kept_in_sec_cache);
     if (secondary_handle) {
       result = Promote(std::move(secondary_handle), key, helper, priority,
                        stats, found_dummy_entry, kept_in_sec_cache);
@@ -346,10 +359,10 @@ void CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::StartAsyncLookupOnMySecondary(
   assert(async_handle.result_handle == nullptr);
 
   std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> secondary_handle =
-      secondary_cache_->Lookup(async_handle.key, async_handle.helper,
-                               async_handle.create_context, /*wait*/ false,
-                               async_handle.found_dummy_entry,
-                               /*out*/ async_handle.kept_in_sec_cache);
+      secondary_cache_->Lookup(
+          async_handle.key, async_handle.helper, async_handle.create_context,
+          /*wait*/ false, async_handle.found_dummy_entry, async_handle.stats,
+          /*out*/ async_handle.kept_in_sec_cache);
   if (secondary_handle) {
     // TODO with stacked secondaries: Check & process if already ready?
     async_handle.pending_handle = secondary_handle.release();
@@ -473,12 +486,10 @@ const char* CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::Name() const {
 // as well. At the moment, we don't have a good way of handling the case
 // where the new capacity < total cache reservations.
 void CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::SetCapacity(size_t capacity) {
-  size_t sec_capacity = static_cast<size_t>(
-      capacity * (distribute_cache_res_ ? sec_cache_res_ratio_ : 0.0));
-  size_t old_sec_capacity = 0;
-
   if (distribute_cache_res_) {
     MutexLock m(&cache_res_mutex_);
+    size_t sec_capacity = static_cast<size_t>(capacity * sec_cache_res_ratio_);
+    size_t old_sec_capacity = 0;
 
     Status s = secondary_cache_->GetCapacity(old_sec_capacity);
     if (!s.ok()) {
@@ -573,7 +584,7 @@ Status CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::UpdateCacheReservationRatio(
   size_t pri_capacity = target_->GetCapacity();
   size_t sec_capacity =
       static_cast<size_t>(pri_capacity * compressed_secondary_ratio);
-  size_t old_sec_capacity;
+  size_t old_sec_capacity = 0;
   Status s = secondary_cache_->GetCapacity(old_sec_capacity);
   if (!s.ok()) {
     return s;
@@ -597,6 +608,7 @@ Status CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::UpdateCacheReservationRatio(
     //    cache utilization (increase in capacity - increase in share of cache
     //    reservation)
     // 3. Increase secondary cache capacity
+    assert(new_sec_reserved >= sec_reserved_);
     s = secondary_cache_->Deflate(new_sec_reserved - sec_reserved_);
     assert(s.ok());
     s = pri_cache_res_->UpdateCacheReservation(
@@ -609,7 +621,7 @@ Status CacheWithSecondaryAdapter::UpdateCacheReservationRatio(
   } else {
     // We're shrinking the ratio. Try to avoid unnecessary evictions -
     // 1. Lower the secondary cache capacity
-    // 2. Decrease pri_cache_res_ reservation to relect lower secondary
+    // 2. Decrease pri_cache_res_ reservation to reflect lower secondary
     //    cache utilization (decrease in capacity - decrease in share of cache
     //    reservations)
     // 3. Inflate the secondary cache to give it back the reduction in its
@@ -658,6 +670,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Cache> NewTieredCache(const TieredCacheOptions& _opts) {
         break;
       case TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyPlaceholder:
       case TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowCacheHits:
+      case TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowAll:
         if (opts.nvm_sec_cache) {
           valid_adm_policy = false;
         }
@@ -681,12 +694,14 @@ std::shared_ptr<Cache> NewTieredCache(const TieredCacheOptions& _opts) {
         *(static_cast_with_check<LRUCacheOptions, ShardedCacheOptions>(
             opts.cache_opts));
     cache_opts.capacity = opts.total_capacity;
+    cache_opts.secondary_cache = nullptr;
     cache = cache_opts.MakeSharedCache();
   } else if (opts.cache_type == PrimaryCacheType::kCacheTypeHCC) {
     HyperClockCacheOptions cache_opts =
         *(static_cast_with_check<HyperClockCacheOptions, ShardedCacheOptions>(
             opts.cache_opts));
     cache_opts.capacity = opts.total_capacity;
+    cache_opts.secondary_cache = nullptr;
     cache = cache_opts.MakeSharedCache();
   } else {
     return nullptr;

cache/sharded_cache.h

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class ShardedCache : public ShardedCacheBase {
 
   explicit ShardedCache(const ShardedCacheOptions& opts)
       : ShardedCacheBase(opts),
-        shards_(reinterpret_cast<CacheShard*>(port::cacheline_aligned_alloc(
+        shards_(static_cast<CacheShard*>(port::cacheline_aligned_alloc(
             sizeof(CacheShard) * GetNumShards()))),
         destroy_shards_in_dtor_(false) {}
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ class ShardedCache : public ShardedCacheBase {
     HashVal hash = CacheShard::ComputeHash(key, hash_seed_);
     HandleImpl* result = GetShard(hash).CreateStandalone(
         key, hash, obj, helper, charge, allow_uncharged);
-    return reinterpret_cast<Handle*>(result);
+    return static_cast<Handle*>(result);
   }
 
   Handle* Lookup(const Slice& key, const CacheItemHelper* helper = nullptr,
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ class ShardedCache : public ShardedCacheBase {
     HashVal hash = CacheShard::ComputeHash(key, hash_seed_);
     HandleImpl* result = GetShard(hash).Lookup(key, hash, helper,
                                                create_context, priority, stats);
-    return reinterpret_cast<Handle*>(result);
+    return static_cast<Handle*>(result);
   }
 
   void Erase(const Slice& key) override {
@@ -212,11 +212,11 @@ class ShardedCache : public ShardedCacheBase {
 
   bool Release(Handle* handle, bool useful,
                bool erase_if_last_ref = false) override {
-    auto h = reinterpret_cast<HandleImpl*>(handle);
+    auto h = static_cast<HandleImpl*>(handle);
     return GetShard(h->GetHash()).Release(h, useful, erase_if_last_ref);
   }
   bool Ref(Handle* handle) override {
-    auto h = reinterpret_cast<HandleImpl*>(handle);
+    auto h = static_cast<HandleImpl*>(handle);
     return GetShard(h->GetHash()).Ref(h);
   }
   bool Release(Handle* handle, bool erase_if_last_ref = false) override {
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ class ShardedCache : public ShardedCacheBase {
     } while (remaining_work);
   }
 
-  virtual void EraseUnRefEntries() override {
+  void EraseUnRefEntries() override {
     ForEachShard([](CacheShard* cs) { cs->EraseUnRefEntries(); });
   }
 

cache/tiered_secondary_cache.cc

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 
 #include "cache/tiered_secondary_cache.h"
 
+#include "monitoring/statistics_impl.h"
+
 namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
 
 // Creation callback for use in the lookup path. It calls the upper layer
@@ -29,6 +31,9 @@ Status TieredSecondaryCache::MaybeInsertAndCreate(
     // TODO: Don't hardcode the source
     context->comp_sec_cache->InsertSaved(*context->key, data, type, source)
         .PermitUncheckedError();
+    RecordTick(context->stats, COMPRESSED_SECONDARY_CACHE_PROMOTIONS);
+  } else {
+    RecordTick(context->stats, COMPRESSED_SECONDARY_CACHE_PROMOTION_SKIPS);
   }
   // Primary cache will accept the object, so call its helper to create
   // the object
@@ -43,10 +48,10 @@ Status TieredSecondaryCache::MaybeInsertAndCreate(
 std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> TieredSecondaryCache::Lookup(
     const Slice& key, const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper,
     Cache::CreateContext* create_context, bool wait, bool advise_erase,
-    bool& kept_in_sec_cache) {
+    Statistics* stats, bool& kept_in_sec_cache) {
   bool dummy = false;
   std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> result =
-      target()->Lookup(key, helper, create_context, wait, advise_erase,
+      target()->Lookup(key, helper, create_context, wait, advise_erase, stats,
                        /*kept_in_sec_cache=*/dummy);
   // We never want the item to spill back into the secondary cache
   kept_in_sec_cache = true;
@@ -66,9 +71,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> TieredSecondaryCache::Lookup(
     ctx.helper = helper;
     ctx.inner_ctx = create_context;
     ctx.comp_sec_cache = target();
+    ctx.stats = stats;
 
     return nvm_sec_cache_->Lookup(key, outer_helper, &ctx, wait, advise_erase,
-                                  kept_in_sec_cache);
+                                  stats, kept_in_sec_cache);
   }
 
   // If wait is false, i.e its an async lookup, we have to allocate a result
@@ -80,8 +86,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> TieredSecondaryCache::Lookup(
   handle->ctx()->helper = helper;
   handle->ctx()->inner_ctx = create_context;
   handle->ctx()->comp_sec_cache = target();
-  handle->SetInnerHandle(nvm_sec_cache_->Lookup(
-      key, outer_helper, handle->ctx(), wait, advise_erase, kept_in_sec_cache));
+  handle->ctx()->stats = stats;
+  handle->SetInnerHandle(
+      nvm_sec_cache_->Lookup(key, outer_helper, handle->ctx(), wait,
+                             advise_erase, stats, kept_in_sec_cache));
   if (!handle->inner_handle()) {
     handle.reset();
   } else {
@@ -109,10 +117,8 @@ void TieredSecondaryCache::WaitAll(
   }
   nvm_sec_cache_->WaitAll(nvm_handles);
   for (auto handle : my_handles) {
-    assert(handle->IsReady());
-    auto nvm_handle = handle->inner_handle();
-    handle->SetSize(nvm_handle->Size());
-    handle->SetValue(nvm_handle->Value());
+    assert(handle->inner_handle()->IsReady());
+    handle->Complete();
   }
 }
 

cache/tiered_secondary_cache.h

@@ -42,27 +42,25 @@ class TieredSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCacheWrapper {
 
   // This is a no-op as we currently don't allow demotion (i.e
   // insertion by the upper layer) of evicted blocks.
-  virtual Status Insert(const Slice& /*key*/, Cache::ObjectPtr /*obj*/,
-                        const Cache::CacheItemHelper* /*helper*/,
-                        bool /*force_insert*/) override {
+  Status Insert(const Slice& /*key*/, Cache::ObjectPtr /*obj*/,
+                const Cache::CacheItemHelper* /*helper*/,
+                bool /*force_insert*/) override {
     return Status::OK();
   }
 
   // Warm up the nvm tier directly
-  virtual Status InsertSaved(
-      const Slice& key, const Slice& saved,
-      CompressionType type = CompressionType::kNoCompression,
-      CacheTier source = CacheTier::kVolatileTier) override {
+  Status InsertSaved(const Slice& key, const Slice& saved,
+                     CompressionType type = CompressionType::kNoCompression,
+                     CacheTier source = CacheTier::kVolatileTier) override {
     return nvm_sec_cache_->InsertSaved(key, saved, type, source);
   }
 
-  virtual std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> Lookup(
+  std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> Lookup(
       const Slice& key, const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper,
       Cache::CreateContext* create_context, bool wait, bool advise_erase,
-      bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override;
+      Statistics* stats, bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override;
 
-  virtual void WaitAll(
-      std::vector<SecondaryCacheResultHandle*> handles) override;
+  void WaitAll(std::vector<SecondaryCacheResultHandle*> handles) override;
 
  private:
   struct CreateContext : public Cache::CreateContext {
@@ -72,6 +70,7 @@ class TieredSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCacheWrapper {
     Cache::CreateContext* inner_ctx;
     std::shared_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> inner_handle;
     SecondaryCache* comp_sec_cache;
+    Statistics* stats;
   };
 
   class ResultHandle : public SecondaryCacheResultHandle {
@@ -79,7 +78,10 @@ class TieredSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCacheWrapper {
     ~ResultHandle() override {}
 
     bool IsReady() override {
-      return !inner_handle_ || inner_handle_->IsReady();
+      if (inner_handle_ && inner_handle_->IsReady()) {
+        Complete();
+      }
+      return ready_;
     }
 
     void Wait() override {
@@ -92,10 +94,10 @@ class TieredSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCacheWrapper {
     Cache::ObjectPtr Value() override { return value_; }
 
     void Complete() {
-      assert(IsReady());
       size_ = inner_handle_->Size();
       value_ = inner_handle_->Value();
       inner_handle_.reset();
+      ready_ = true;
     }
 
     void SetInnerHandle(std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle>&& handle) {
@@ -115,6 +117,7 @@ class TieredSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCacheWrapper {
     CreateContext ctx_;
     size_t size_;
     Cache::ObjectPtr value_;
+    bool ready_ = false;
   };
 
   static void NoopDelete(Cache::ObjectPtr /*obj*/,

cache/tiered_secondary_cache_test.cc

@@ -15,10 +15,11 @@ namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
 
 class TestSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
  public:
-  explicit TestSecondaryCache(size_t capacity)
+  explicit TestSecondaryCache(size_t capacity, bool ready_before_wait)
       : cache_(NewLRUCache(capacity, 0, false, 0.5 /* high_pri_pool_ratio */,
                            nullptr, kDefaultToAdaptiveMutex,
                            kDontChargeCacheMetadata)),
+        ready_before_wait_(ready_before_wait),
         num_insert_saved_(0),
         num_hits_(0),
         num_misses_(0) {}
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ class TestSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
   std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> Lookup(
       const Slice& key, const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper,
       Cache::CreateContext* create_context, bool wait, bool /*advise_erase*/,
-      bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override {
+      Statistics* /*stats*/, bool& kept_in_sec_cache) override {
     std::string key_str = key.ToString();
     TEST_SYNC_POINT_CALLBACK("TestSecondaryCache::Lookup", &key_str);
 
@@ -88,7 +89,8 @@ class TestSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
                             /*alloc*/ nullptr, &value, &charge);
       if (s.ok()) {
         secondary_handle.reset(new TestSecondaryCacheResultHandle(
-            cache_.get(), handle, value, charge, /*ready=*/wait));
+            cache_.get(), handle, value, charge,
+            /*ready=*/wait || ready_before_wait_));
         kept_in_sec_cache = true;
       } else {
         cache_.Release(handle);
@@ -168,6 +170,7 @@ class TestSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
       BasicTypedSharedCacheInterface<char[], CacheEntryRole::kMisc>;
   using TypedHandle = SharedCache::TypedHandle;
   SharedCache cache_;
+  bool ready_before_wait_;
   uint32_t num_insert_saved_;
   uint32_t num_hits_;
   uint32_t num_misses_;
@@ -179,11 +182,10 @@ class DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest : public DBTestBase {
   DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest()
       : DBTestBase("db_tiered_secondary_cache_test", /*env_do_fsync=*/true) {}
 
-  std::shared_ptr<Cache> NewCache(size_t pri_capacity,
-                                  size_t compressed_capacity,
-                                  size_t nvm_capacity,
-                                  TieredAdmissionPolicy adm_policy =
-                                      TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAuto) {
+  std::shared_ptr<Cache> NewCache(
+      size_t pri_capacity, size_t compressed_capacity, size_t nvm_capacity,
+      TieredAdmissionPolicy adm_policy = TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAuto,
+      bool ready_before_wait = false) {
     LRUCacheOptions lru_opts;
     TieredCacheOptions opts;
     lru_opts.capacity = 0;
@@ -194,10 +196,11 @@ class DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest : public DBTestBase {
     opts.comp_cache_opts.capacity = 0;
     opts.comp_cache_opts.num_shard_bits = 0;
     opts.total_capacity = pri_capacity + compressed_capacity;
-    opts.compressed_secondary_ratio =
+    opts.compressed_secondary_ratio = compressed_secondary_ratio_ =
         (double)compressed_capacity / opts.total_capacity;
     if (nvm_capacity > 0) {
-      nvm_sec_cache_.reset(new TestSecondaryCache(nvm_capacity));
+      nvm_sec_cache_.reset(
+          new TestSecondaryCache(nvm_capacity, ready_before_wait));
       opts.nvm_sec_cache = nvm_sec_cache_;
     }
     opts.adm_policy = adm_policy;
@@ -207,6 +210,12 @@ class DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest : public DBTestBase {
     return cache_;
   }
 
+  void ClearPrimaryCache() {
+    ASSERT_EQ(UpdateTieredCache(cache_, -1, 1.0), Status::OK());
+    ASSERT_EQ(UpdateTieredCache(cache_, -1, compressed_secondary_ratio_),
+              Status::OK());
+  }
+
   TestSecondaryCache* nvm_sec_cache() { return nvm_sec_cache_.get(); }
 
   CompressedSecondaryCache* compressed_secondary_cache() {
@@ -218,6 +227,7 @@ class DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest : public DBTestBase {
  private:
   std::shared_ptr<Cache> cache_;
   std::shared_ptr<TestSecondaryCache> nvm_sec_cache_;
+  double compressed_secondary_ratio_;
 };
 
 // In this test, the block size is set to 4096. Each value is 1007 bytes, so
@@ -243,6 +253,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicTest) {
   table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
   Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
   options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
   options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
 
   // Disable paranoid_file_checks so that flush will not read back the newly
@@ -354,6 +365,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
   Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
   options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
   options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
 
   options.paranoid_file_checks = false;
@@ -376,7 +388,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(8));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 3u);
@@ -390,7 +402,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(20));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -404,7 +416,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(8));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -418,7 +430,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(8));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -432,7 +444,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(8));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -446,7 +458,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(20));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -460,7 +472,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(20));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -474,7 +486,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, BasicMultiGetTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(20));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -496,6 +508,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, WaitAllTest) {
   table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
   Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
   options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
   options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
 
   options.paranoid_file_checks = false;
@@ -518,7 +531,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, WaitAllTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(8));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 3u);
@@ -532,7 +545,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, WaitAllTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(20));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
@@ -551,7 +564,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, WaitAllTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(36));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 10u);
@@ -572,7 +585,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, WaitAllTest) {
   keys.push_back(Key(8));
   values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
   ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
-  for (auto value : values) {
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
     ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
   }
   ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 10u);
@@ -582,6 +595,117 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, WaitAllTest) {
   Destroy(options);
 }
 
+TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, ReadyBeforeWaitAllTest) {
+  if (!LZ4_Supported()) {
+    ROCKSDB_GTEST_SKIP("This test requires LZ4 support.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  BlockBasedTableOptions table_options;
+  table_options.block_cache = NewCache(250 * 1024, 20 * 1024, 256 * 1024,
+                                       TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAuto,
+                                       /*ready_before_wait=*/true);
+  table_options.block_size = 4 * 1024;
+  table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
+  Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
+  options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
+  options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
+  options.statistics = CreateDBStatistics();
+
+  options.paranoid_file_checks = false;
+  DestroyAndReopen(options);
+  Random rnd(301);
+  const int N = 256;
+  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+    std::string p_v;
+    test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1007, &p_v);
+    ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), p_v));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_OK(Flush());
+
+  std::vector<std::string> keys;
+  std::vector<std::string> values;
+
+  keys.push_back(Key(0));
+  keys.push_back(Key(4));
+  keys.push_back(Key(8));
+  values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
+  ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
+  }
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 3u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 3u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_hits(), 0u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(options.statistics->getTickerCount(BLOCK_CACHE_MISS), 3u);
+
+  keys.clear();
+  values.clear();
+  keys.push_back(Key(12));
+  keys.push_back(Key(16));
+  keys.push_back(Key(20));
+  values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
+  ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
+  }
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 6u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_hits(), 0u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(options.statistics->getTickerCount(BLOCK_CACHE_MISS), 6u);
+
+  keys.clear();
+  values.clear();
+  keys.push_back(Key(0));
+  keys.push_back(Key(4));
+  keys.push_back(Key(8));
+  values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
+  ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
+  }
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 6u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 6u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_hits(), 3u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(options.statistics->getTickerCount(BLOCK_CACHE_MISS), 6u);
+
+  ClearPrimaryCache();
+
+  keys.clear();
+  values.clear();
+  keys.push_back(Key(0));
+  keys.push_back(Key(32));
+  keys.push_back(Key(36));
+  values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
+  ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
+  }
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 8u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 8u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_hits(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(options.statistics->getTickerCount(BLOCK_CACHE_MISS), 8u);
+
+  keys.clear();
+  values.clear();
+  keys.push_back(Key(0));
+  keys.push_back(Key(32));
+  keys.push_back(Key(36));
+  values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
+  ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
+  }
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 8u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 8u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_hits(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(options.statistics->getTickerCount(BLOCK_CACHE_MISS), 8u);
+
+  Destroy(options);
+}
+
 // This test is for iteration. It iterates through a set of keys in two
 // passes. First pass loads the compressed blocks into the nvm tier, and
 // the second pass should hit all of those blocks.
@@ -597,6 +721,7 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, IterateTest) {
   table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
   Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
   options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
   options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
 
   options.paranoid_file_checks = false;
@@ -640,6 +765,54 @@ TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, IterateTest) {
   Destroy(options);
 }
 
+TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, VolatileTierTest) {
+  if (!LZ4_Supported()) {
+    ROCKSDB_GTEST_SKIP("This test requires LZ4 support.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  BlockBasedTableOptions table_options;
+  // We want a block cache of size 5KB, and a compressed secondary cache of
+  // size 5KB. However, we specify a block cache size of 256KB here in order
+  // to take into account the cache reservation in the block cache on
+  // behalf of the compressed cache. The unit of cache reservation is 256KB.
+  // The effective block cache capacity will be calculated as 256 + 5 = 261KB,
+  // and 256KB will be reserved for the compressed cache, leaving 5KB for
+  // the primary block cache. We only have to worry about this here because
+  // the cache size is so small.
+  table_options.block_cache = NewCache(256 * 1024, 5 * 1024, 256 * 1024);
+  table_options.block_size = 4 * 1024;
+  table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
+  Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
+  options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
+  options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
+
+  // Disable paranoid_file_checks so that flush will not read back the newly
+  // written file
+  options.paranoid_file_checks = false;
+  options.lowest_used_cache_tier = CacheTier::kVolatileTier;
+  DestroyAndReopen(options);
+  Random rnd(301);
+  const int N = 256;
+  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+    std::string p_v;
+    test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1007, &p_v);
+    ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), p_v));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_OK(Flush());
+
+  // Since lowest_used_cache_tier is the volatile tier, nothing should be
+  // inserted in the secondary cache.
+  std::string v = Get(Key(0));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1007, v.size());
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 0u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 0u);
+
+  Destroy(options);
+}
+
 class DBTieredAdmPolicyTest
     : public DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest,
       public testing::WithParamInterface<TieredAdmissionPolicy> {};
@@ -664,6 +837,7 @@ TEST_P(DBTieredAdmPolicyTest, CompressedOnlyTest) {
   table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
   Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
   options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
   options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
 
   size_t comp_cache_usage = compressed_secondary_cache()->TEST_GetUsage();
@@ -696,11 +870,184 @@ TEST_P(DBTieredAdmPolicyTest, CompressedOnlyTest) {
   Destroy(options);
 }
 
+TEST_P(DBTieredAdmPolicyTest, CompressedCacheAdmission) {
+  if (!LZ4_Supported()) {
+    ROCKSDB_GTEST_SKIP("This test requires LZ4 support.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  BlockBasedTableOptions table_options;
+  // We want a block cache of size 5KB, and a compressed secondary cache of
+  // size 5KB. However, we specify a block cache size of 256KB here in order
+  // to take into account the cache reservation in the block cache on
+  // behalf of the compressed cache. The unit of cache reservation is 256KB.
+  // The effective block cache capacity will be calculated as 256 + 5 = 261KB,
+  // and 256KB will be reserved for the compressed cache, leaving 10KB for
+  // the primary block cache. We only have to worry about this here because
+  // the cache size is so small.
+  table_options.block_cache = NewCache(256 * 1024, 5 * 1024, 0, GetParam());
+  table_options.block_size = 4 * 1024;
+  table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
+  Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
+  options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
+  options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
+
+  size_t comp_cache_usage = compressed_secondary_cache()->TEST_GetUsage();
+  // Disable paranoid_file_checks so that flush will not read back the newly
+  // written file
+  options.paranoid_file_checks = false;
+  DestroyAndReopen(options);
+  Random rnd(301);
+  const int N = 256;
+  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+    std::string p_v;
+    test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1007, &p_v);
+    ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), p_v));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_OK(Flush());
+
+  // The second Get (for 5) will evict the data block loaded by the first
+  // Get, which will be admitted into the compressed secondary cache only
+  // for the kAdmPolicyAllowAll policy
+  std::string v = Get(Key(0));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1007, v.size());
+
+  v = Get(Key(5));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1007, v.size());
+
+  if (GetParam() == TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowAll) {
+    ASSERT_GT(compressed_secondary_cache()->TEST_GetUsage(),
+              comp_cache_usage + 128);
+  } else {
+    ASSERT_LT(compressed_secondary_cache()->TEST_GetUsage(),
+              comp_cache_usage + 128);
+  }
+
+  Destroy(options);
+}
+
+TEST_F(DBTieredSecondaryCacheTest, FSBufferTest) {
+  class WrapFS : public FileSystemWrapper {
+   public:
+    explicit WrapFS(const std::shared_ptr<FileSystem>& _target)
+        : FileSystemWrapper(_target) {}
+    ~WrapFS() override {}
+    const char* Name() const override { return "WrapFS"; }
+
+    IOStatus NewRandomAccessFile(const std::string& fname,
+                                 const FileOptions& opts,
+                                 std::unique_ptr<FSRandomAccessFile>* result,
+                                 IODebugContext* dbg) override {
+      class WrappedRandomAccessFile : public FSRandomAccessFileOwnerWrapper {
+       public:
+        explicit WrappedRandomAccessFile(
+            std::unique_ptr<FSRandomAccessFile>& file)
+            : FSRandomAccessFileOwnerWrapper(std::move(file)) {}
+
+        IOStatus MultiRead(FSReadRequest* reqs, size_t num_reqs,
+                           const IOOptions& options,
+                           IODebugContext* dbg) override {
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < num_reqs; ++i) {
+            FSReadRequest& req = reqs[i];
+            // See https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/13195 for why we
+            // want to set up our test implementation for FSAllocationPtr this
+            // way.
+            char* internalData = new char[req.len];
+            req.status = Read(req.offset, req.len, options, &req.result,
+                              internalData, dbg);
+
+            Slice* internalSlice = new Slice(internalData, req.len);
+            FSAllocationPtr internalPtr(internalSlice, [](void* ptr) {
+              delete[] static_cast<const char*>(
+                  static_cast<Slice*>(ptr)->data_);
+              delete static_cast<Slice*>(ptr);
+            });
+            req.fs_scratch = std::move(internalPtr);
+          }
+          return IOStatus::OK();
+        }
+      };
+
+      std::unique_ptr<FSRandomAccessFile> file;
+      IOStatus s = target()->NewRandomAccessFile(fname, opts, &file, dbg);
+      EXPECT_OK(s);
+      result->reset(new WrappedRandomAccessFile(file));
+
+      return s;
+    }
+
+    void SupportedOps(int64_t& supported_ops) override {
+      supported_ops = 1 << FSSupportedOps::kAsyncIO;
+      supported_ops |= 1 << FSSupportedOps::kFSBuffer;
+    }
+  };
+
+  if (!LZ4_Supported()) {
+    ROCKSDB_GTEST_SKIP("This test requires LZ4 support.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  std::shared_ptr<WrapFS> wrap_fs =
+      std::make_shared<WrapFS>(env_->GetFileSystem());
+  std::unique_ptr<Env> wrap_env(new CompositeEnvWrapper(env_, wrap_fs));
+  BlockBasedTableOptions table_options;
+  table_options.block_cache = NewCache(250 * 1024, 20 * 1024, 256 * 1024,
+                                       TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAuto,
+                                       /*ready_before_wait=*/true);
+  table_options.block_size = 4 * 1024;
+  table_options.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = false;
+  Options options = GetDefaultOptions();
+  options.create_if_missing = true;
+  options.compression = kLZ4Compression;
+  options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
+  options.statistics = CreateDBStatistics();
+  options.env = wrap_env.get();
+
+  options.paranoid_file_checks = false;
+  DestroyAndReopen(options);
+  Random rnd(301);
+  const int N = 256;
+  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+    std::string p_v;
+    test::CompressibleString(&rnd, 0.5, 1007, &p_v);
+    ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), p_v));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_OK(Flush());
+
+  std::vector<std::string> keys;
+  std::vector<std::string> values;
+
+  keys.push_back(Key(0));
+  keys.push_back(Key(4));
+  keys.push_back(Key(8));
+  values = MultiGet(keys, /*snapshot=*/nullptr, /*async=*/true);
+  ASSERT_EQ(values.size(), keys.size());
+  for (const auto& value : values) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(1007, value.size());
+  }
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 3u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 3u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_hits(), 0u);
+
+  std::string v = Get(Key(12));
+  ASSERT_EQ(1007, v.size());
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_insert_saved(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(nvm_sec_cache()->num_misses(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(options.statistics->getTickerCount(BLOCK_CACHE_MISS), 4u);
+
+  Close();
+  Destroy(options);
+}
+
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
     DBTieredAdmPolicyTest, DBTieredAdmPolicyTest,
     ::testing::Values(TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAuto,
                       TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyPlaceholder,
-                      TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowCacheHits));
+                      TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowCacheHits,
+                      TieredAdmissionPolicy::kAdmPolicyAllowAll));
 
 }  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE